"Kubvira Pindemonty": kuongororwa kwenhetembo yaPushkin

Imwe yemabasa ePushkin gare gare yaiva basa Kubva Pindemonty. Kuongororwa kwechirongwa kuchatiratidza zvarinotaura. Pamberi payo, tichazoziva dzimwe nguva kubva muupenyu hwemunyori wenhetembo.

Ukama huri pakati pehuwandu hwemunyori nebasa rake

Nzira yehupenyu yePushkin yakasara pane zvinyorwa mumabasa ake. Zvinyorwa zvavo nehupenyu zvakashandurwa nemakore.

AS Pushkin akatanga kunyora pazera remakore gumi nematatu. Akakurira, akarerwa uye akadzidza mune imwe nzvimbo inokosha. Murondedzeri wacho akabata mweya wekusununguka, rusununguko. Zvinyorwa zvake zvekunyora zvaipfeka mazano ekuchinja. Nokuda kweizvi munyori wenziyo akaendeswa kune imwe nyika.

Mazhinji ehupenyu hwake, Pushkin aifarira mune zvematongerwe enyika, sangano, akabatanidzwa mune izvi. Zvisinei, kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwake, iyo yakagurwa nekuda kwedheel, munyori akanga asina kunyanya kuda zvehupfumi. Akanga aneta uye aida chinhu chimwe chete: kuti akasiiwa ari oga uye akabvumirwa kurarama sezvaaizozvifarira. Izvi zvakaratidzwa mune mamwe emabasa ake, pakati payo aive "Kubva Pindemonty." Kuongorora kwendima, zvinyorwa zvayo zvakanyatsoratidzwa zvichatizivisa kwatiri kurota kwekupedzisira kwechiremba mukuru. Nekubatsirwa kwavo tichaziva kuti chii chaiva mufaro we AS Pushkin.

Zviri mukati mhetembo "Kubva Pindemonte"

Mune basa iri, munyori anonyora pamusoro pekuti iye anokoshesa zvisinganzwisisiki kodzero dzakakwirira dzine pfungwa dzakawanda dzakabatanidzwa. Haana kunyunyuti kuti haabvumirwi kupikisa mitero uye kudzivirira madzimambo kubva kurwisana. Haana hanya kana pane kugadziriswa mumutsara, kana kunodzvinyirira vavariro dzevanyori. Uye zvose nokuti izvi zvinongova mazwi.

Murondedzeri ane dzimwe nzira, kodzero dzakanaka. Anoda rusununguko rwakasiyana. Izvo hazvibatanidzi nenyaya dzekuvimba nesimba uye nharaunda. Haana hanya.

Zvadaro, munyori anoratidza zvaanoda. Pushkin anonyora kuti haadi kupa kune mamwe mimwe mishumo, kungoshumira uye kufadza iye pachake. Usapindira pamberi pevane masimba nekutongwa, usapikisana nehana nekuda kwavo. Murondedzeri anoda kuve kwaanoda, tenderera pano neapo. Akafuridzirwa nekunaka kwakapoteredza zvisikwa, mabasa oumhizha. Ndizvo zvinofadza, ndizvo zvinoshandiswa naPushkin uye anonyora nezvazvo mu "Kubva Pindemonti" Pushkin. Kuongororwa kwenhetembo kuchazarura pfungwa yake kwatiri. Ngationei nguva yekupedzisira, basa rakakura remunyori wenhetembo.

Kuongorora kwendima ye "Kubva kuPindemonte" muchidimbu

Iri basa rakanyorwa muna 1936. Munguva iyi, Pushkin akanga ane zvakasiyana zvakasiyana pane zvaaimbova nazvo. Akarota rusununguko rwakasiyana uye kodzero. Kurwisana kwekare kunopesana ne simba, kugadzirisa, kururamisira kwaari iye zvino inongova shoko. Anorevei nezvavo? Anotaura pfungwa yokuti zvose izvi chinhu chisina maturo. Zvichida angadai akafunga zvakashata kudai kuoma uku kwakaguma kubudirira iye neye Decembrist shamwari dzake. Asi gore ra1825 nezvimwe zviitiko zvakaratidza zvakajeka kune munyori kuti kurota hakugone kuzadzika.

Pfungwa yerondedzero "Kubva Pindemonti" ndeyekuratidza vaverengi kodzero uye rusununguko zvakakosha sei kune Pushkin. Anomanikidzwa kutaura kune zviremera, haagoni kuenda kune imwe nyika, kufamba sezvaanoda. Haagoni kunyora zvaanoda kutaura. Haisi pangozi kuti pamagumo ebasa rake ipapo pane zvishomanana uye zvishomanana shanduro uye purogiramu yakawanda uye yakawanda.

Kutsigira, simba, hupenyu hunoita kuti mudetembi aite. Basa, ratinofunga, munyori akadana "Kubva Pindemonty". Saka akaedza kudzivisa kudzivirira. Akangokwereta zvinyorwa zvenhetembo kubva panguva yake yePindemonti. Asi munyori uyu akanga asina mabasa akadaro.

Nhetembo ishoko rekuda kwaPushkin. Haadi kushumira chero ani zvake, anoda rusununguko rwomunhu, mukana wekuenda kwaanoda, uye kunakidzwa nehupenyu, iyo ndiyo kunaka kwezvisikwa uye mabasa oumhizha.

"Kubva Panyaya": mararamiro enhetembo

Iri bhuku rekunyora kwemadiki mabhuku rinonzwika. Nokudaro, mararamiro ake ndiyo nhetembo. Iri basa nderechokwadi, kwete chikwereti. Hazvikwanisi kuonekwa kune mamwe mavara emutauro, kunze kwekunyora .

Iri basa rinokosha, kuratidza nzvimbo yemunyori. Pushkin inonzi iyo "Kubva Pindemonty". Kuongorora kwendima, zvarinotaura, zvinyorwa kubva muhupenyu zvinoratidza kuti iyi inyaya yezvinyorwa. Yakasikwa nokuda kwekudzivirira, sezvo Pushkin aitarisira kubudisa nhetembo iyi.

Zvinotsanangurwa zvinoreva mubasa

Pushkin anoshingaira kushandisa kusakosha munhetembo: "Handikugunun'uni," "usapa", "usakotama." Nenzira iyi, anotaura zvaasingadi. Munyori anoshandisa maniti - "kodzero dzakakwirira", mutsara - "dizzy", epithets - "kunaka kwaMwari", "sweet fate". Tinocherechedza mubhadharo, mubvunzo unonyengedzera, unyanzvi huzhinji.

Zvose izvi zvinoreva, nzira uye nhamba zvinoratidza pfungwa yebasa "Kubva Pindemonty". Kuongororwa kwenhetembo kunoratidza hupfumi hwemutauro uye nzira dzakashandiswa.

Mhedziso

Takafunga kuti Pushkin akaisa mubasa rake "Kubva Pindemonti". Kuongororwa kwenhetembo yakatiratidza kuwirirana pakati pehupenyu hwemunyori mukuru uye basa rake. Takadzidza kuti mabasa emakore ekuma1930 akasiyana zvakanyanya mukukura kwaPushkin kwekutonga, uye nemafungiro matsva pamusoro pomufaro wega.

Munyori wenhema, savanyori vakawanda, akaedza kudzivisa kudzivirira, naizvozvo nhetembo iyi yakagamuchira zita rakadaro.

Pushkin akanyora basa iri muna 1936. Yaiva yezhizha rake yekupedzisira. Zvinosuruvarisa, munguva yehupenyu hwake nhetembo haina kumbobudiswa. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwekupedzisira yakave yakawanika kune vadzidzisi uye kunyange yakaiswa muchikoro chekudzidza.