Kuenda, Mirayiro
Komsomolsk-on-Amur: vemo, okunze, nzvimbo, zvinokwezva, zororo
Pane imwe miganhu Russia kure zvikuru, rinenge riri pakati taiga mutengo kunozivikanwa Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The Vagari ichi guta vechidiki mune ruzhinji tiri zvizvarwa avo vari 30s zvakaoma akasvika ichi isingazivikanwi untapped munharaunda nokuzvidira, kuzovaka pano maindasitiri hofori uye pakudaro kusimbisa simba yokumusha kwavo. About Komsomolsk-pasi-Amur nyora zvakanaka nezvakaipa, uye guta, Zvichakadaro, vachirarama wavo wenguva upenyu. Kune vachiri vanhu vanowa murudo kuumba mhuri, achiri akaberekerwa vana, uye kuramba anochengeta kuyeuka Koshanda - mapiyona. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti unokunda matambudziko akawanda kamwe rimwe zvikuru nevanhu nzvimbo munyika Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Vagari veguta chokuita zvishoma nezvishoma kudzikira. Mumwe atamira rwezasi, mumwe pakati Russia. Asi kune vazhinji, uye vaya, nokuti Resettlement chirongwa chinoenda kutamira pano kurarama. Nyaya yedu inopa mashoko pamusoro zvose zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira pamusoro Komsomolsk-on-Amur.
nhoroondo zvinhu
East Far kwagara dzakati vakawanda nzvimbo. Nokuti kukura nharaunda iri XIX remakore pano nokuzvidira-nechisimba akatuma vanhu. Saka, muna 1860 varayirwa P.A.Kazakevicha, aimbova mubati Amur nharaunda, iri kure taiga pamucheto akatuma vanotama kubva kurutivi Perm province. Ivo makazviteya musha muduku, wainzi pashure yokumusha kwavo Perm-on-Amur. We akavabudisa kuti mari nehurumende, mumaoko makiyi itsva cherogi cabins uye 60 rubles kokutanga. Pakazosvika 30 fung remakore rechimakumi maviri ari kugarwa akanga atova 47 anonyatsoita mudzimba. upenyu hwavo akanyarara hwachinja muna 1932, apo hurumende yeSoviet vakasarudza kuvaka maindasitiri pano. Perm akasarudza kuvaka shipyard uye pedyo mumusasa Dzemgi - Aviation. Kuteerera yezviri kusimudzirwa, vakazvipira vakadirana pano Koshanda Communist pfungwa, dzorudo, chete adventurers. Nemhaka vanhu ava ikozvino, tiri kudada akanaka kweguta Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Khabarovsk Territory, akaita chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha maindasitiri kumatunhu munyika.
guta nhasi
Pari chechipiri pakukura guta Khabarovsk Krai ndiye Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Population uye 2016 Census, pane 251 283 vanhu, izvo zvinopfuura 87% Russian. Vamwe nation predstvleny Yakuts akachera, Nanais, Bashkorts, Chinese, wechiTatar, Ukrainian. Guta iri imwe nzvimbo 325 km 2, kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Amur River, panzvimbo apo rwizi anocheka ari anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Sikhote-Alin uye Bureya-Badzhalsky. Sikhote-Alin zvikomo vakombe guta riri kumabvazuva, kurutivi rwokumusoro makomo akareba iMiao Chan, uye kumavirira - Badzhalsky cheni. Pano kubva guru mune yakarurama mutsetse 6067? Km. By njanji daro ichiwedzerwa kusvika 8679? Km. Train "Moscow - Komsomolsk-pasi-Amur" unokunda navo 6 mazuva ndege - kwemaawa anopfuura 10.
Nharaunda guta wakajeka chaizvo uye kuti waifadza meso. Pane kunoitika zvishoma kudzika kupfuura Amur rwizi - Silink, Galichnaya, Hapsol, The Black Keys, Horpinskaya kuburikidza azovaka 6 mabhiriji. In yepakarepo pedyo neguta varipo guru uye zviduku madhamu. Pakati pavo soapy, Galichnoe, Rudnikovskoe, Chopra. Paivakwa imwe mugwagwa idzva rakavakwa murwi, kuderedza zvakasimba kukura uye Mylok Rudnikovskogo, asi pamwero mukuru mafashamo muna 2013 ivo zvishomanana rakadzorerwa. Kazhinji mafashamo Komsomolsk-on-Amur - business senguva dzose. Nerimwe gore munguva teura Cupid zvikazara anenge 54 km 2 nzvimbo uye pamusoro zvakafanana mvura chakafukidzwa muchidimbu.
Muguta Komsomolsk-pamusoro-Amur nguva, zvichienzaniswa Moscow zvava 7:00. MuRussia, zvinonzi runotaurwa MSK + 7. Hama kuti kwakarongeka Time Universal musiyano iri maawa 10. Nzvimbo yakakwirira seismicity nokururamisira, zvinosvika neavhareji 8 pfungwa paRichter scale pose. Chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine anosvika 5.5 pfungwa dziri akanzwa pano enviable kakawanda.
The tsotsi ezvinhu muguta kusvikira 2001 kwakanga kwakaoma chaizvo. Pumped wake mhosva webasa Evgeny Vasina (Jemueri) uye chikwata chake kuti aidzora basa rose uye kazhinji akaronga kubaya-baya. Muna 2001, Cem akakwanisa kusunga uye mujeri, apo akafa. Kubvira ipapo, Komsomolsk-on-Amur vakava hwakanyarara. Chete mune dzimwe nzvimbo yayo manheru paine criminogenic chiitiko mhando kupesana, zviduku kuba kana kuparadzirwa.
nharaunda
Interesting administrative nokupesana ane Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Maruwa pano kuoneka uye ipapo kunyangarika. Chokutanga, kwaiva vaviri - nechepakati, vakakomba shipyard uye Dzemgi kana Lenin - kumativi ndege chirimwa. Muna 1943 zvakanzi akawedzerwa Stalin. Muna 1957, ruwa weboka guta rakanga kupera, uye muna 1972 apiwa chigaro. Zvino pano, sapakutanga, pane Lenin uye Central, vaviri akafanana nomumwe maguta maduku. In nechimwe pane nharaunda dzakati siyana evanhu, Accessibility uye dzimba mitengo. The Central ndiye:
- "Soapy", riri pedo mudziva chete zita, inovakwa kazhinji emadziro dzimba uye private zvekutepfenyura.
- "Bulk", riri pedyo yemapurisa uye pakati.
- "66 kota", zvakasiyana kwezvivako.
- "Nechikepe" Silinskaya pedyo park, dzimba kazhinji private.
migwagwa Vazhinji Komsomolsk-on-Amur ainzi vachikudza chiitiko. Saka, muna Leninsky muruwa ane Pervostroiteley Avenue (enyika "Pervak"). Pano, kupfuura nomukurumbira uye zvinodhura kwedzimba mutengo kubva 37,000 rubles. pa 1 mamita 2.
In Leninsky nharaunda zhilmassive "Paris", "Mendeleev" kana "Area", "mugove wechipiri." Zvivako pano vari kunyanya mukuru-simuka asi pane vo private zvekutepfenyura.
Zvinonzi kuonekwa chinonyanya vaitambura munharaunda "300", akavaka rumwe-storey dzimba uye rakamiswa pedyo Silinskaya Park.
Buildings muguta vachiri vashoma chaizvo. Panguva iyoyo, ndizvo chokugara kunzwisisa "Central" uye dzimba dzakawanda munhu. Mitengo wedzimba muimba itsva - 45 000 rubles. pa 1 mamita 2. Resellers inogona kutengwa nomutengo 25 000 rubles. pa 1 mamita 2. Kurendesa mufurati pasina panyaya utility kubhadhara mutengo avhareji 10 000 rubles. pamwedzi.
kwezvivako
Komsomolsk-on-Amur anogona kunzi zvakaenzanirana yakatanga pachinhu magariro zvivako guta. Pane vakawanda zvitoro zviduku, kune vanenge gumi nevaviri guru muzvitoro - kunotenga centre "Samburu", "rinopenya", "desyatochku", Cum, tiguu, vakawanda dzakagadzirirwa zvitoro vana dzowokwake, zvemagetsi zvinhu. Maererano vagari, zvinhu zvose achinyanya kubva China, kusanganisira zvokudya. Mitengo iri pamusoro kuchamhembe mugove. The kwezvivako zvinosanganisira rwizi pachiteshi, w / D uye bhazi zvechitima. Komsomolsk-pasi-Amur mumigwagwa chokuita Amur, Khabarovsk, Birobidzhan uye misha inoverengeka pedyo. Maererano maonero vatyairi, mugwagwa pamusoro iri kure wakakwana.
Vana nevechidiki muguta unoshanda 52 kindergartens umo nguva dzose nzvimbo, zvikoro 59, 4 mumakoreji, 4 zvikoro yekosi, 4 zvekushandisa, 2 kumayunivhesiti, 4 mumhanzi zvikoro.
Utano, maererano vagari, haasi zvakakwana yakatanga, kunyange guta rine vanenge gumi nevaviri zvipatara, nzvimbo utano nomwe, 3 maternity zvipatara, 3 pachipatara pacho. Kunyanya kusava unyanzvi mune Pediatrics. Mapurogiramu hurumende pari achimhanya kukwezva kunharaunda vanachiremba yakamanikana Profile, inopa mari nokuti midziyo itsva yokurapa, asi nokuda unyanzvi hanya, kunyanya munguva dzakaoma, zvakakodzera kuenda Khabarovsk.
Asi upenyu nemagariro muguta zvose zvakanaka. Kune 10 dzoushe tsika, reCentre for Development Children uye Youth okugadzira zvinhu, firimu dzemitambo, kunounza mabhaisikopu centre. Komsomolsk-on-Amur rakaumbwa muna 1932, uye gore akazotanga kushanda pano wokutanga yemitambo. Ascension akavabudisa musungwa, aimbova mutambi. Zvino 9 dzemitambo uye mumwe theatre Studio.
Zvizhinji pfungwa inobhadharwa zvemitambo uye vechidiki kukura. Pane mitambo 4 chikoro, the neyemitenusirwa, vanoverengeka kushambira madziva. Ose gore muna Komsomolsk-pane-Amur kupedza yedaro refu apo vatori vechikamu pachavo kusarudza chii nechokure Vanomhanya (pane dzakawanda nzira). guta rino kure akaita nomukurumbira skier Julia Chepalova, rwakazokura katatu Olympic shasha, Anastasia Kravchenko (akahwina kaviri pa World Orienteering Championships, weightlifter Igor Nikitin, rower, canoeist Ivan Shtyl nemamwe Vamhanyi, zavoevashie sirivha nendarira mibayiro.
senga
In Komsomolsk-on-Amur pane zvinenge zvose mhando kure kukurukurirana. Kuchiteshi wakavhurwa pano muna 1936, uye muna 1961 akavaka itsva. Zvino mutakurwi motokari rinoitwa muguta Sovetskaya Gavan, Khabarovsk uye Tynda. Train "Khabarovsk - Komsomolsk-pasi-Amur" izita muchiso uye anonzi "Youth". Muguta nzvimbo pamahombekombe renguva inoyerera Rwizi Amur River zvinopa mukana mutakurwi senga. Pane rwizi pachiteshi, chine matavi maviri makuru ari Khabarovsk Territory. Cargo iri muruwa "Mendeleev", uye mutakurwi, akashongedzerwa pamwe berths wandei, - pakati peguta. Riverport yakavakirwa pamusoro yepakutanga zvakagadzirwa uye mumwe veko zvinokwezva.
22 km (by mugwagwa) kubva muguta iri musha Khurba, kwaakandovaka yendege guru, tora ndege kubva Khabarovsk, Moscow uye dzimwe kumatunhu Russia. Uyezve, pane uto pabhesi. Pashure mafashamu muna 2013 yendege unoshanda ane akaderedza mutoro, saka vagari Anonyanyowanika kubhururuka kubva Khabarovsk.
Popular pakati yevagari vanoshandisa chemabhazi. Komsomolsk-pasi-Amur mune kwezvivako ane nhamba awo. Kubva chemabhazi iri huru avhenyu mabhazi kuenda Khabarovsk. From DK "Builder" - mumisha Berry uye dema Cape. Kubva chemabhazi pamusoro building - muna Amursk, Birobidzhan, Khabarovsk, Pivan uye Sunny. Kubva chitima / kuchiteshi - muna Handakun uye Hurmuli.
Urban senga anomiririrwa chitima (pane 4 migwagwa), mabhazi uye minibuses.
indasitiri
Munguva Soviet, yakabereka mugove zvechiuto uye maindasitiri michina nemidziyo, uto midziyo Komsomolsk-on-Amur weshumba. Khabarovsk nharaunda, nemhaka guta, mutungamiri zhinji unongotaura zviratidzo. Kugadzirisa uye pano vakanga chihombe kukanganisa akaipa rinomutsa pamusoro pokumuka sectors zvose, makambani akawanda akatanga kuvhara, vanhu vakanga vasara vasina basa uye yokudzura hwavo. Zvino pano vari kutoitwa avhiyesheni zvebhizimisi KnAAZ (unobereka ndege wehurumende uye zvehondo ndege), shipyard, oiri (Refinery), "Khabarovskkraigas" ouinjiniya miti (ainyanya dzikabereka midziyo zvinodiwa muchiuto). Mukuwedzera makuru akaitwa muguta, mune Mabheka, nyama, hove emhodzi, ovoschebazah uye basa Mafuro yehuku uye kuderedzwa girinihausi okurima kunzwisisa. Kare, pane kushanda zvakawanda zvinomera, izvo zvino kana kuvharwa kana yekudyidzana akaderedza kugadzirwa yavo. Ichi chimwe chikonzero chikuru nei vanhu Komsomolsk-on-Amur muna 1992 yakaderera nezvikamu zvinenge 70 000 vanhu. Saka, isu havasisipo "nechikepe" (vaishandira Ushumiri Kudzivirira), sulfuric acid, electromechanical, molokozovod, nguruve papurazi uye fekitari "Amurmetal" dambudziko.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti urovha mwero Komsomolsk-on-Amur ipapo. Vose vanoda kushanda, vane mabasa. Mubayiro muguta zvakasiyana, zvichienderana basa uye zvavakanga vachida kuita. Paavhareji, vashandi hofisi, vanachiremba, vadzidzisi uye vashandi yakaderera-unyanzvi uwane 16000-18000 rubles, uye vashandi zvikuru unyanzvi pamwedzi dzakakwirira azvipire - kubva 30.000 kusvika 50,000 rubles. Military mari yakawanda zvikuru mumwedzi rokupedzisira ranged kubva 80,000 rubles. Munhu wose akaronga pamutemo, vane zvakanaka munzanga pasuru uye kutora achienda Motels omunharaunda uye plesieroorde panguva kuderedzwa prices. Komsomolsk-on-Amur ari kure kwazvo zvose yakakurumbira plesieroorde, matikiti kune mhando pakufamba kuti chinodhura zvikuru, asi vashandi ose makore maviri kuti muvabvise chero munyika pachena.
ikoroji
Maererano nezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa, kupfuura vaitambura pachinhu kwezvakatipoteredza kusvibiswa kuRussia vari Norilsk, St. Petersburg uye Moscow. Komsomolsk-on-Amur, maererano kuera, kusanganisira maguta 60, anonzi noushamwari chaizvo, nekuti haana kupinda blacklist. Zvisinei, kunyange pano, kwete zvose yakanaka. Chinounza Refinery, nokuda iyo choutsi vanogaramo vanowanzonzwa hachifadzi chaizvo kunhuwirira kukuvadza mukuru kune zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza ezvinhu muguta. Mukuwedzera, chinetso kuvagari vose ari kusvibisa Amur River simba. The rwizi vakatakura untreated discharges mabhizimisi akawanda, kusanganisira vagari yakavakidzana China. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, muna Amur kuramba akawana yakakwirira kuwanda mabhakitiriya, saka mvura disinfected kuvhunduka mishonga ine makemikari. Nemhaka nezviyero yakadaro muguta, iro vanachiremba vanodana "ngozi mapazi" nokuda neleukemia, pane yakakwirira chaizvo chikamu kenza varwere, paavhareji, vanhu 400 100 000. Chimwe dambudziko guta - kumabvazuva ukasha mudondo uye chirimo.
okunze
Haasi munhu wose kubva okunze akakodzera Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Nguva gore kuti vanhu vanotenda yakanaka zvikuru - autumn. Nezvokuvandudzika asingasviki 2 months, September nehafu October, kana mazuva vari kudziya (+ 13 ° - + 10 ° C), pasi kwemvura, mhepo mwero, umhutu uye Nenda ikoko. Winter pano kunotanga mangwanani November, tembiricha anodonhedza kuti - 8 ° - -10 ° C, snows, iyo inotanga itye kusvikira April. mwedzi Winter Komsomolsk-na-chaizvo chando, tembiricha vanowiswa pazasi -30 ° C, zvose apo vachiridza mhepo kuchamhembe simba vanyatsochinja snowstorm. Spring muna Amur nharaunda runogara sezvo autumn, 1,5 chete kwemwedzi. Nature anotanga ukamuka, izvo, chokwadi, zvinomufadza. Asi muchirimo kutanga ukasha moto mudondo kufukidza guta utsi uye chiutsi, uye ndakavanza chando yakatifukidza Cupid, nekuti icho kazhinji nemafashamo. Muzhizha pane matambudziko Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Kutonhora iyi uchisvika + 30 ° C, uye dzimwe nguva kusvika + 40 ° C, kakawanda kunonaia, asi kunyanya taisireva kunopa midges. Zvisinei, pano zvakare, pane anamapako upfumi. nhengo dzavo chishamiso kubata kukura kwete chete madomasi, hanyanisi, radishes, uye kunyange manwiwa.
Chii kuona Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Sezvo guta iri zvakanaka muduku, nhoroondo kana mapurani kufarira haasi pano. Hongu, uye vashanyi ukuwo kwete zvakawanda kuti imhaka kwete chete kune ari kure nzvimbo, asiwo chokwadi chokuti Komsomolsk-on-Amur achiri asinganyatsogoni mukova. Taundi akapfuma Zvivako zvikuru vanhu - Lenin, Kirov, Maresjev Gagarin. The zvikuru nguva dzose kumutsa First Builders Monument, chive chirangaridzo rawa Kukuru Patriotic War, iri shongwe akatora mugove muaizi ndima 1934-35., The chivezwa "Koshanda nhengo 30s." Guides hako kuratidza vashanyi "House ane spire", iyo yakava chiratidzo muguta. Chivako achiri mutsva (yakavakwa muna 1956), asi ayo mapurani inomira kunze tikafunga muzvivako ano.
Vakawanda vanofarira, kuti iwe unogona kudzorera kubva Komsomolsk-on-Amur sechipo. Chinonyanya akakurumbira pakati vashanyi, dzemunharaunda slippers, rive basa rakanaka mazano uye vakagadziridza pamwe Sable mbava. Uyewo kudiwa birchbark mumatengu, dhende mudhori, National, Nanai mbatya uye matkamuistoja, zvigadzirwa kubva ganda rehove (zvamaoko, kupenda, zviitiko). Vazhinji yabva Komsomolsk-mberi-Amur caviar, riri muzvitoro mari kubva 1500 rubles por makirogiramu.
Kuzvivaraidza nzvimbo uye hotell Komsomolsk-on-Amur
The mubvunzo unokosha kupfuura zvose nzvimbo - pokugara muguta ausingazivi. In Komsomolsk-on-Amur kuuya kwete chete vokuRussia, asiwo Japanese, vokuAmerica, Chinese, vokuKorea. pekugara nzira vashoma. mumwe
It anonzi yakanakisisa nechepakati hotera "Sunrise", iyo inopa mumakamuri Mapato youpfumi, mureza uye zvoumbozha. Zvimwe chikamu of hotera ano yepamusoro kuti "Guta", "Visit" uye "Amur". Zvinodzidzisa mureza makamuri, nyaradzo uye zvoumbozha. Mitengo siyana 1,900 kusvika 4,500 rubles muzana usiku kusanganisira zvokudya zvemangwanani. vashanyi vakawanda vanosarudza Hotels seduku Komsomolsk-on-Amur, apo mutengo chete nenzvimbo yakaiswa kubva rubles pazuva 450, uye basa pamwero zvakakwirira zvakakwana. Izvi "Lyudmila" musi Gagarin mumugwagwa, "Trio-97" kuna Sevastopol, "Era" mumugwagwa Garage.
Muna taiga ezvinhu, zvikomo gomo uye madhamu yebhuruu riri Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Sununguka munzvimbo idzi akanaka nguva dzose akazara inopenya nefemero. Akaramba kukurumbira aifarira yakavhurwa 2002, the uyai "Almir", riri mujinga mechikomo pedyo ducts Shargol. Pano akavaka ano nedzimba private zvivako, mumwe café, sauna, akashongedzerwa mangalnye nharaunda, pane 2 neyemitenusirwa, akasvetuka nokuti snowboarders aburuke. Chimwe the dzisina kukuru "Amut Snou Leyk" riri pedyo nomusha pagomo pegomo. Pane runako kwakadaro ndiko befu. On mujinga pane state neyemitenusirwa, hotels, anamapako, Datenroku, muimba yokudyira, kugeza. Sununguka zvakasikwa, kuti ndiwane simba uye kupedza nguva navo zveutano kunogona kuva musasa "Mishkin kuti inogara", "Neptune", "Spring", "Shargol".
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