Khokhloma matoyi nemidziyo - tsika kuti yava modernity

Khokhloma kupenda sezvo Dymkovo chitoyi, Vologda norwonzi, Pavlovo zvameso nezvimwe handicrafts mafungiro netsika dzedu. Nhasi, kufarira ichi unyanzvi muchimiro ari kukura reba. Khokhloma matoyi, kupendwa glassware nenhumbi hazvisi chete Museum zvidimbu, asi chinhu chinokosha muupenyu hwedu. Pavari ichakurukurwa nhasi.

vateveri Painters

Hazvizivikanwi sezvo Khokhloma kupenda. Maererano pfungwa ano, hove odzokera makore anopfuura 300. Akazviratidza ari Volga, pane ikozvino nharaunda Koverninskii munharaunda Gorky nharaunda. Khokhloma matoyi uye kicheni nemidziyo siyana rinokosha uchi-yendarama kumashure ruvara kana muenzaniso mashoko. Ndiye anoita rakasiyana siginicha. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mabikirwo hwokubereka ruvara kwakadaro wakabviswa watenzi Old Vatendi. Vakakwanisa kupa kuzvidhori yendarama Sheen pasina kushandisa anokosha simbi.

Michina

Hazvinei anofukidza Khokhloma kupenda: matoyi, midziyo kana fanicha - coloring musimboti ndiye. The yemapuranga workpiece akafukidzwa nevhu uye varnish, uye ipapo kutongokwizwa aruminiyamu upfu. Zvisinei, kare, yaishandiswa pachinzvimbo netini, michina yemazuva kubvumira kubereka aruminiyamu vazhinji, uye kuti Ndokusaka zvino kushandiswa mune muitiro rakasikwa Khokhloma midziyo. Coated simbi upfu pendi chigadzirwa. Zvino zviri zvakare zvinenge zvakazara varnish uye vaviri akaturikidzana ose varnish, uye ipapo workpiece anotumwa muvira romoto. Kubva ipapo, dzakapendwa zvinhu nendarama kare. Mukuru tembiricha chaiyo unhani Kuchinja ruvara zvigadzirwa, uye simbi rukoko anopa munhu nevamwe Sheen.

Beautiful uye simba

Color maitiro Khokhloma, vakawana kunokwana chinokosha nziyo, nechifukidzo muenzaniso. Zvisinei, kukosha zvigadzirwa zvakadaro kwete chete runako rwavo. Varnish inodzivirira kupenda, ndiye zvikurukuru nemishonga. Haana kutya chero mukuru tembiricha kana zvokuimba chiito. Khokhloma matoyi anogona zvakanaka kupa vana. Kunyange kana vana vachisarudza kudzikinura navo chando mvura, pamwe Painted hapana zvinoitika. Same anoenda nokuti glassware: mbiya, ndiro, majagi uye nezvirongo akafukidza Khokhloma, havana kutya mvura inopisa kana kutonhora.

Khokhlomskaya toyi nhoroondo

Zvechokwadi, pakutanga kwezvose akafukidza Khokhloma tableware uye musha midziyo. Muzana XVII remakore, apo, sezvazvakanyorwa akatenda paiva ichi kuti kupenda, mhando gaba upfu akanga dzinodhura, uye saka chigadzirwa haana wose anogona kuuya. Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, izvozvo akazviratidza Khokhloma toyi. Vanodhirowa vachishandisa tsika zvinhu zvakatanga vashongedze nenhamba duku mhuka uye vanhu.

Kakawanda, matoyi zvakaitwa namatanda. zvinhu mhenyu workability akanaka uye mutengo nekaupenyu chipa. Nokuti kugadzirwa kwayo tenzi chigadzirwa chitoyi-kushandiswa Birch, Aspen, nemipaini uye Linden. Kubva munda dzaisiyana zvichienderana kwakaita mumwe kana mumwe mhando huni kusango nyanzvi dzokugadzira zvavanosarudza. Zvekushandisa kuti kugadzirwa matoyi akashandiswa nesanhu uye nebanga, dzimwe nguva wedzeredzei.

Semyonovskaya hohloma

Chokwadi, kutaura pamusoro pevairwara matoyi achava kukwana kana musingadi kurangarira Matryoshka. Nokuti vazhinji, unogona kuva chaisatarisirwa kuwana nhoroondo parinowanika. Matryoshka akauya Russia mukupera XIX remakore ... kubva kuJapan. The kumumvuri kwaiva Indian tateguru Djarma uyo, uchipa, akapedza nokutsanya uye nokufungisisa kwenguva refu makore mapfumbamwe, zvokuti akanga yadonha uye maoko nemakumbo. Kupikiswa somuzivi uye anoremekedzwa muJapan, apo ainamata Mwari uye akadana Daruma. Pane zvakawanda yakanyungudutswa vanoratidzwa naye pasina maoko nemakumbo. Zvishoma nezvishoma kwaiva tsika ine Mini-chivezwa kuisa mumwe - uye zvichingodaro kusvikira nomwe "akaturikidzana".

Chirangaridzo akadana Fukurumu uye sezvo vakadaro aiva Russia. Achimuona, yokudhirowa Sergei Malyutin akafuridzirwa kuti kusika chitoyi. Asi, mutana asina maoko nemakumbo, iye wairatidza tsvuku-faced runako ari sikavha. Uye paiva matryoshka. Zvishoma nezvishoma, tsika kuti chitoyi chakadaro kusvika kuguta Semenov vakagaramo. Masters vari kuita pano uye dzakapendwa nezvidhori nhasi. Kazhinji zvokutambisa Kushongedza akashandisa anonzi Semyonovskaya Khokhloma. Kubva chinyakare chinhu maruva ayo makuru uye yakajeka, mavara siyanei.

Khokhloma nhasi

Folk Crafts netsika nhasi vanofarira kwete chete dzakaitika. Vanotsvaka siyana vatenzi kubva nyore needlewomen yeMharidzo fashoni vagadziri. Nokuda kukurumidza kukura mashoko michina nhasi iri nyore kuwana nyaya zvinhu. Uye mubvunzo sei kuswedera Khokhloma wokutamba, unogona kutarira nyore kuti mhinduro yakarurama. Kukudziridza ushanyi uye raanoziva, kana vanatenzi enda kumba ane unyanzvi chimiro uye kudzidza zvakananga kubva kwaari vatariri tsika.

Khokhloma matoyi vachiri vanofarira vana vanoda zvose inopenya uye kujairika. Vadzidzisi vakawanda vaine chinangwa kutanga avo vadzidzi unyanzvi zvinoyevedza nokusika kufarira Pachivanhu zvidzidzo makirasi, yemichato rokudzidzisa Khokhloma. Vanoziva uye vanoremekedza mhando iyi kupenda uye kunze. Vashanyi vanobva munyika dzakasiyana, kudzoka kumba, ngaauye musha sechipo nezvidhori, kicheni nemidziyo kunyange fenicha akafukidzwa Khokhloma kupenda. Zvino tinogona kutaura chokwadi kuti ichi mhando chevarwere uri awana niche wayo munyika yanhasi, uye chizvarwa vanopfuura mumwe achapiwa kunofuridzirwa kwayo manune mapatani.