Jeep "Willys": zvinhu uye pikicha

Jeep "Willys" - Car ngano, vakapfuura nzira kubva Volga uye kuna Berlin, vakayambuka mumarenje muAfrica, inosvika kuburikidza mumatondo Asian. Pfungwa Its chichiri hwaro pakusika SUVs ano. "Willis" aiva muvambi motokari mukuru-kirasi, izvo nhasi nezita "jipi".

Jeep "Willys": nhoroondo yokusika

Sezvo 30s US mauto akatanga kuratidza kufarirwa motorcars dzakakwirira permeability, izvo zvinogona kutsiva kuitika kuchembera rengarava chiedza hondo nemotokari. Kwehondo muEurope akamanikidza vokuAmerica kuti rikurumidze kufamba. Nezvenyaya iyi, kutaridza zvakakodzera michina zvinodiwa kuti motokari zveramangwana, izvo zvinofanira kushandura zviitike.

Automakers vanonyatsoziva kuti risiti ane kurongeka kwakadaro pasi kuitika enyika akavimbisa kudzoka akanaka. Naizvozvo, kutamburira orudo pagadzirwe SUVs, yakazivisa ne US nemauto, makambani 135 vakapinda. Asi pamberi mukunopera vakakwanisa kusvika matatu chete "American huku", "Ford Motor Company" uye "Willys nepanyika," izvo zvinogona kuumba prototypes chaivo kuti zvidikanwi nemauto. Somugumisiro, nomumwe makambani aya akagashira chinhu kuti pave 1,500 vamapoka kwayo SUV.

Pakusarudza sarudzo

Pazvakava pachena kuti vekuAmerica havazokwanisi kugara kure hondo, muna July 1941 kwakasarudzwa kuti kusunungura mumwe, vane guru batch mangé kure-munzira motokari, zvinosanganisira 16,000 mota. Asi zvakare paiva mubvunzo wekusarudza pakati vaburitsi matatu.

Chokutanga, chikero miromo yesimbi yakananga "Ford" sezvo pakukura automaker munyika. Asi zvino mubvunzo kwakamuka mari muchina. Zvakaitika kuti SUV, yaida "Ford", kunokosha kupfuura zvose - okuwana ayo akakwanisa muna 788 emadhora. Zvishoma isingadhuri mutengo, "huku" - 782 emadhora. Yakadereresa mutengo rakapiwa "Willys nepanyika," izvo vakafunga kukosha mumwe michina yayo iri 738,74 dhora, uye izvi pasinei nokuti munhu uto jipi "jipi" aiva waivako nani pane vakwikwidzi 'SUVs.

Zvinoita sokuti pakuguma yaiva pachena, asi muchiuto chokwadi kuti kambani achakwanisa kuramba mukati yakanatsa nguva puranga, sezvo nyaya yakanga isina kunaka chaizvo. Point panyaya iyi akaisa Bill Knutson - American nyanzvi mumunda motokari dzokuchengeta anogadzirwa, vakatsigira candidacy kuti "Willys nepanyika."

July 23, 1941 pamwe "Willys nepanyika" chibvumirano kubereka 16,000 motokari. Uye muna August, ari Jeep "Willys" (yaifananidzira pazasi) pashure dzakatevedzana kuvandudza kwave yakagadzirira zvakakwana vakawanda kugadzirwa, uye kuti zita rayo - Willys MB Add Index.

Hurumende chengetedzo mambure

Hanya "Willys nepanyika," vakamira pamahombekombe kusauka uye kugona kuti Serial hurongwa yehondo, saka Hurumende vakasarudza kuti akachengeteka uye kupa wokuwedzera kuongorora pagadzirwe emakopi SUVs zvikuru rakavimbika kambani - "Ford Motor".

muridzi wekambani akabvuma kuti hurongwa guru hurumende, pasinei nokuti vari "Ford" vaifanira kushandisa chepakutanga injini kweShanduro michina yavo, akatengwa kubva "Willys nepanyika." mapepa ari Willys MB akapiwa kopi mainjiniya "Ford", uye mukuvamba 1942 akabudiswa wokutanga boka dzomuzana SUV, rinonzi Ford GPW.

Munguva yehondo, "Willys nepanyika" anobudiswa anenge 363.000 SUVs. "Ford Motor" akaita mauto kuti 280,000 michina. Pakarepo mushure pakatanga Serial kugadzirwa SUV motokari vakaenda vatsigiri - kutanga British uye ipapo kurutivi yeSoviet.

Transmission Work uto SUV

Mumugwagwa, pasinei mana-nemavhiri, Jeep "Willys" Ini vakaita chaizvo nenzira yakakodzera. Nokukurumidza nokukurumidza, I akadzinga zvakanaka, zvishoma nezvishoma vakakunda mugwagwa. maitiro Izvi anopiwa zvakanaka "rinoenderana" hutachiwana SUV.

Carrier chaikosha "Willis" spar puranga raiwanzobatana Via zvitubu uye kuvhunduka absorbers mamwe chete mirayiridzo pamwe mabhiriji akashongedzerwa zvakabatana muurongwa differentials. The chinovhura mumuchina zvakabatana muurongwa ane Chinyorwa 3-nokukurumidza gearbox.

Management nechemberi ekisero uye downshift kuitwa kuchinjwa nyaya.

"Willis" Jeep ane mukana mukuru muchimiro hydraulic mabhureki ose 4 engoro kuti pamwe parameters ayo uye simba unhu vakanga chinokosha.

The motokari muviri

Nokuda compactness ari kunyaradzwa kwenyu American SUV Chokwadi, kunosiya zvakawanda anodikamwa, asi mumazuva iwayo havana kufunga nyore pakutanga vaiva parameters pakati functionality.

Iri nyore-achitarisa muviri "Willis" rine yayo kugadzira zvinhu kushayikwa madhoo uye shangu pamusoro Hood ari windscreen. Kusavapo mikova akabvumira kuti kusiya motokari pachena kana ngozi. rainproof tende akanga amupa kudzivirirwa nemvura.

Kurutivi rwokunze muviri riri kuseri "kupembedza vhiri" uye kanisita, uye panhivi - a kufamba mudziyo (nefoshoro, demo, etc.). Nokuda uto chinangwa wemotokari chinotsva tangi yakaiswa pasi mutyairi chokutonga, iyo inodiwa kuti kuteura motokari kuti refueling. Munguva rusesi shure rwemberi vhiri Maberere dziri mhango kuchengeta midziyo.

Sezvo muviri ane bhokisi-kufanana nemamiriro, pakuvhurwa inopiwa kubvisa zvichibvira kuunganidza mwando ari pasi muchina, vari stoppered.

optics Features

Headlights "Willis" chekutaura recessed hama kuti ndege yacho grille. Izvi imhaka yavo STRUCTURAL zvinhu. Kana zvakakodzera, chiedza optics inogona vadzoserwa pasi lenses, vanogona kushandiswa naro sechiedza rine panguva injini basa usiku. Uyezve, chikamu ichi headlamp magadzirirwo kunoita kufamba murima pasina kudzima magetsi, somuenzaniso.

Jeep "Willys": Car:

4-nemavhiri.

Misa SUV - 1055 makirogiramu.

Kukwirira tende - 1830 mm.

Motokari upamhi - 1585 mm.

Jeep kureba - 3335 mm.

Ground Clearance (Clearance) - 220 mm.

Engine Inline 4-humburumbira nizhneklapannym (Willys L-134) pamwe simba - 60 l / s.

The Vhoriyamu simba chikwata - 2,2l.

The simba nerubatsiro hurongwa kabhureta mhando (carburetor - dambudziko-539-S kubva kambani Carter).

"Willis" Jeep akakwanisa kutanga nokumhanya 105 km / h panyaya Towing 45mm kanoni - 86 km / h.

Mafuta tangi vanokwanisa - 56,8 litres.

peturu kunwa (avhareji ukoshi) - 12 litres / 100 km.

Capacity - 4 persons.

SUV "Willis" akakwanisa kukunda nehafu-mita zambuko pasina gadziriro. With chinokosha midziyo 1.5 metres.

Kubva apa hwokugadzira mashoko zvinoratidza kuti Jeep "Willys" ane zviduku uye lightweight design, uye aivawo nguva yakanaka kwazvo yokuti rayo guru unongotaura.

Kushumira muSoviet Army

Wakazviratidza muzhizha 1942 mu "Wilis" uto reSoviet. Vakawanda motokari vaipa kune Soviet Union, akauya muchimiro motokari-Kits, izvo zvakataurwa mune uchishandisa wehurumende ari kare pamusoro mumhuri motokari mafekitari.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti specificity basa muuto reSoviet akasiya zvayo inokanganisa chokupika "Willis". peturu Low-sosaiti vakakuchidzira motokari, waiva nengozi kuti "vokuAmerica". Kazhinji haana yaibatana Drain zvikamu. kakawanda yakaitika nokuda kwokushayiwa nenguva kuvariritira uye lubrication SUV nhengo. izvi zvose pamwe zvakatungamirira pakuti "Willis" kukundikana mukati 15,000? km. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinonzi vaidavira kuti muSoviet Army, SUVs American akatemerwa mutengo kupfuura mumhuri dzomuzana GAZ-67 uye GAZ-67B, kuti Red Army zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Ivan ari Jeep."

basa rake rehondo Mini-Jeep "Willys" akaramba ari kumusha kwake (apo okunatsiridza siyana anobudiswa pamusoro wayo hwaro), iro pakupedzisira rakapera chete 80s, paakanga chikatsiviwa zvakawanda kumusoro-nguva "Hammer" zvinodiwa.