Jazz ndiro, murayiridzo chii, anoita

Kwakatangira Jazz ano midzi African mimhanzi tsika. Pashure Hristofor Kolumb akawana kondinendi itsva vokuEurope vakagaramo, kusvika pamhenderekedzo America vari kuramba vakatevera zvikepe vaitengerana.

Iznuronnye basa rakaoma, kumusha uye kutambura kubva kurwara ukama nevatungamiriri, varanda akawana kunyaradzwa mumhanzi. Zvishoma nezvishoma kujairika nziyo uye mutinhimira vanofarira vokuAmerica uye vokuEurope. Saka pakanga jazz. Chii Jazz ndiko, uye chii zvachiri, isu munyaya ino.

Features rira mirayiridzo

Rinoreva kuti Jazz Music African-American, iyo yakavakirwa - improvisation (famba) uye mutinhimira inokosha marongerwo (syncope). Kusiyana dzimwe nzvimbo, apo mumwe munhu anonyora mumhanzi, uye vamwe Anoita, zimbabwe musicians kuita zvose Vanyori.

Melody akasikwa nomuzvarirwo kunyora yakareba, akaparadzaniswa nevanhu risingamboshandisi penguva kuurayiwa nguva. Sezvo zvinoitika jazz. Chii improvisation kwaya? Mano aya vaimbi kuchinja mumwe. Uyezve, mumwe nomumwe improvises yake.

Kunobva kwaitika zvinyorwa zviri akachengetedzwa Musical notation (T. Kouler, Arlene G. "Ndiri kufara zuva rose," Ellington D. "Hamuzivi here kuti ndinoda?", Nezvimwewo).

Nokufamba kwenguva, African Music synthesized pamwe European. Akazviratidza nziyo kuti zvinobatana mapurasitiki, mutinhimira, Melody uye kupindirana mazwi (mtukudzi Doc, Blues In Mwoyo Wangu, Carter James, Centerpiece, etc.).

mirayiro

Govera anopfuura matatu nzvimbo jazz. Funga zvimwe vavo.

1. Blues. In Chirungu shoko rinoreva "kusuruvara", "kuora mwoyo." Pakutanga zvakanga akadana neapo Solo lyric rwiyo vatema. Jazz-neapo - nayo dvenadtsatitaktovy nguva tsamba trohstrochnoy chedetembo. Blues nziyo anoitwa panguva anononoka kumhanya, ari magwaro kunogona kurondwa zvimwe innuendo. Chinozikamwa vatambi vane mwoyo - Gertrude Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, uye vamwe.

2. Ragtime. Kushandura chaidzo zita wokugadzira - kubvaruka ramangwana. Mumutauro zvenziyo okuti "reg" kunoreva rinonzwika zvakawanda nokungwarira pakati lobes. Direction akazviratidza muUnited States, pashure penyanza uchitora mabasa Schubert, Chopin uye Liszt. Music kubudikidza Vanyori European anoitwa ari Jazz maitiro. Gare gare, paiva yapakuvamba nziyo. Ragtime randinenge rokusika Joplin S., D. Scott, D. Gwayana, et al for.

3. Boogie. Wokugadzira yakabuda mukuvamba ramakumi remakore. Varidzi chipa cafes waiti vaimbi kutamba jazz. Ndechipi kusarira presupposes kuvapo mumhanzi, ruchapinda pasina vachiti, asi kuti kukoka vakawanda musicians aidhura. Ruzha zviridzwa zvakasiyana zvaizopedza pianists, nokusika mutinhimira nziyo dzakawanda. Boogie Features:

• improvisation;
• virtuoso chidobi;
• inokosha kuenderana rworuboshwe anoita ostinantnuyu injini configuration, kuti chinguva pakati bass uye mutinhimira - octaves maviri kana matatu;
• enderera mutinhimira;
• chitiviri zvimwemo.

Boogie airidza Romeo Nelson, Arthur Montana Taylor, Charles Avery, et al for.

Legends zvidavado

Jazz kwakakurumbira munyika dzakawanda pasi pose. Kwose kwose kune nyeredzi kuti vakombe neuto mafeni, asi mamwe mazita vava yezvechitendero. Vanozivikanwa uye vanodiwa vakakomba pose. musicians izvi, zvikurukuru, anorondedzera Louis Armstrong.

Hazvizivikanwi chii kungadai njodzi mukomana kubva murombo Negro muzvina, kana Louis haana kupinda mumajeri. Pano, nyeredzi ramangwana kunyorwa nendarira bhendi, zvisinei, kuti chikwata haisi kutamba jazz. Chii neapo, uye sei kuimba, jaya zvakawanikwa zvikuru paya. Armstrong kuzivikanwa munyika mbiri nemhaka kuita uye kutsungirira.

Muvambi Jazz kuimba vanofunga Billie Holiday (zita chairo Eleonora Fagan). Peak kukurumbira pakati muimbi kusvika 50-ies wekupedzisira remakore, kana mamiriro kuchinja tiende kumanaitikirabhu pachikuva.

Zvakandiomera upenyu hwakavapo nokushanduka-shanduka uye yokuisira ane zvakawanda octaves matatu Elly Fitsdzherald. Pashure naamai vake rufu, iye akatiza pamba uye akaramba kunyanya vakadzikama mararamiro. Kutanga muimbi mabasa aiva chokupika chiridzwa makwikwi Amateur neusiku.

World wakakurumbira ndiye Dzhordzh Gershvin. Munyori akasika Jazz nziyo yakavakirwa weclassical. The kungoerekana zvamarudzi mabasa Ugare vateereri uye nevamwe. Concerts vakanga kunokonzeresa achiperekedzwa maoko. The yakakurumbira basa G. Gershwin - "Rhapsody in Blue" (co-authored pamwe Fredom Grofom), kuti dhanzi "Porgy uye Bess", "An American muParis."

Uyewo nevakawanda Jazz vemifananidzo vaiva uye vachiri Dzhenis Dzhoplin, Rey Charlz, Sarah Vaughan, Mayls Devis, uye vamwe.

Jazz muna USSR

The chidzoke zvenziyo ichi muSoviet Union nokuda zita nyanduri, mushanduri uye mitambo-goer Valentina Parnaha. The konzati pamusoro Jazz Band inotungamirwa virtuoso wokutanga kwakaitika muna 1922. Gare gare Tsfasman, L. Utesov, J. Skomorovsky akaumbwa kutungamirirwa chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo Jazz, tichibatanidza paku kuita uye operetta. E. Rosner akaita zvakawanda popularize Jazz mumhanzi Varlamov, A. Lundstrom.

Mumakore 40 apfuura, Jazz rave vakashorwa sezvo kutanga pamusoro Bourgeois tsika. Mugore 50-60-ies ari kurwiswa pamusoro vatambi akamira. Jazz zvisungo zvakasikwa zviri RSFSR uye dzimwe nyika dzeSoviet.

Nhasi Jazz miganhu akaurayiwa konzati matanho uye makirabhu.