Homeland fern yekamuri. Mhando dzakasiyana dzomukati

Vanhu vazhinji kazhinji vanoona kuti mafungiro avo akachinja sei pavakanga vari kutarisira maruva kana kunyange kutarisa kwavari. Nyanzvi dzenguva yakareba dzakasimbisa hukama huripo pakati pemiti yekunze nemafambiro evanhu, uye kunyange zvimwe zvikamu zvehupenyu hwavo.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti zvirimwa zvine simba rinokosha. Pasina maruva hazvibviri kuumba musha wakanyatsonaka. Dzimba dzichawana maitiro akasiyana zvakasiyana paanoratidzira michero yeminda - ferns, mhuka, violets, nezvimwewo. Kunyange chimwe chinhu chisinganzwisisiki, chakasimwa muhari yakaisvonaka, chinopa ruzivo rwakananga kune mukati.

Imba yakasvibirira pets

Indoor plants inobvumira munhu kutaura nemasikirwo, kunyange asina kusiya imba. Zvechokwadi, muzvivakwa zvejeri pane chete vanobatsira kuti vafare. Panguva imwecheteyo, idzi mhuka dzinochengetwa dzinoda kutarisirwa, pasina izvo dzingagona kuoma zvachose. Kutora mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, varimi vemikumba vanogona kuva nefesitendi munda wekurima kusvika kwegore rose.

Mamwe marudzi akakura nokuda kwezvibereko zvavo zvekudya, somuenzaniso, orange, pomegranate, mandimu, nezvimwewo, uye vamwe nekuda kwechimiro chavo chekushongedza. Chimwe chezvinyanya kukosha ndeyeimba yefern, mufananidzo waro unogona kuwanika mukugadzira magazini.

Nhau dzakawanda dzisinganzwisisiki uye nhoroondo dzinobatana naye. Zvichida iyi ndeimwe yemiti yakare pane yepasi redu.

General information

Muenzaniso wemashizha awo haugoni kuvhiringidzwa nezvose. Kusvikira ikozvino, vanochera matongo vakaiwana muzvinyorwa zvekare zvekare. Nhoroondo uye nhoroondo, dzakapoteredzwa nemafern emakamuri, ane mazita uye mazita mazhinji, achiri kurarama ...

Somuenzaniso, inofungidzirwa kuti inobhururuka chete usiku hwaIvan Kupala. Nhoroondo dzinotaura kuti fern bud inoratidzira nekuputika kwakasimba, kupisa nemurazvo wemaropa, uye zvakadai zvokuti vanhu havagone, pasina kukwezva, vachizviona. Kuti aparadze maruva aya, zvaive zvakakodzera kuuya kusango usiku husiku uye kugara muchitenderedzwa, kurongedzwa pasi uye kudzivirira kubva kumidzimu yakaipa. Nenguva iyo fern bud "yakabata moto", zvakange zvichidikanwa kuibvarura pakarepo nekuivanza, zvekuti mweya yakaipa haina kuiona pamberi pemunhu uye ikasagona kuibvisa.

Chero ani zvake akawana iri duva rakajeka, akazova uporofita. Aikwanisa kuverenga pfungwa dzevanhu vakakomberedza, teerera kune zvisikwa zvipenyu kana shiri dzinoimba. Kunyangwe mwoyo yevasikana, varume vacho vakakwanisa kufadza ne simba rehuni-ruvara nokusingaperi.

Usambobudirira?

Hazvina mhosva kuti nhoroondo yacho yakanaka sei, haizombofi yakakwana muupenyu chaihwo. Nokuti muchokwadi hausi musango kana fern yakambotumbuka kana kuti inenge ichitumbuka. Iyi imhuri iyo, semassie kana mabhiza, zvinongova zvisina maruva. Vakawanda vachayeuka kubva kuchikoro chechikoro chinonzi botany kuti mushure mokunge maruva aparara, mune michero yawo inogadzirwa.

Uye hapachina mbeu muimba yefern. Vanotanga spores iyo inomera ichi inowedzera, uye zvisati zvaitika iyo inofanirwa kunge ichibata mvura.

Tsanangudzo

Mukati, chimiro ichi hachisi chomuviri chete. Inonatsa mhepo yezvinhu zvinokuvadza uye guruva, kunyorera uye kusagadzikana kunhuhwirira, kuzara nemumvuri uye kugadzira zvakanaka microclimate.

Kubva pamiti yakasara yakakwirira - maruva kana gymnosperms - fern yekamuri (nzvimbo yekuberekwa yemiti isingazivikanwi zvechokwadi) yakasiyana nekushaikwa kwembeu uye kukwanisa kubereka nema spores. Nokudaro, munzvimbo yevagari vepaguru vepasi redu, inoshandisa niche inokosha.

Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemarudzi akawanda ari pasi pevhu, dzimwe nguva yakarurama pasi, yakakomberedzwa uye yakawanda. Kureba kwemasimba kunogona kusvika kusvika mamita makumi maviri. Masamba ane chimiro chakakosha. Vanonzi vayami uye zvakaoma-kuparadzaniswa kana nyore.

Mufaro weFern: marudzi

Iyi simiti inowanikwa muboka rekare, nhoroondo yaro yakareba kwenguva yakareba kudarika nguva yekuvapo kwemiti yemichero panyika. Sezviri pachena, ndicho chikonzero nzvimbo yekuberekerwa yefern - yeruzhinji nemamwe marudzi ose - haazivi. Mune nguva yePaleozoic uye yeMesozoic, mazhinji acho aiva miti mikuru, huni dzaishanda sechinhu chemalahle kwemazana emakore .

Sarudza pakusima fern chamber, mufananidzo wekusima murairi wese unoziva, haisi nyore. Kune zvingangoita zviuru zviviri zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakosha kuti zvikure mukati maro, kunyange zvisati zviri zvose zviri kutengeswa.

Uye kunyange nzvimbo yekuberekwa yeimba yefern isinganyatsozivikanwi, kune chirevo chokuti muti wacho wakasvika kwatiri kubva kunzvimbo dzakatonhora. Mamwe mhando dzakanaka pakuderera muzvimedu zvakaturika, asi vamwe, semuenzaniso, kudyidzana kweAsplenium kana Nephrolepis Bostoniensis, vakakura kwazvo, saka vanove sevanotsvaga. Pasinei nekuti nzvimbo yekuberekerwa yeimba yefern, zvichida, inharaunda, kune marudzi akadaro akafanana nemumvuri uye, kunyanya kukosha, mumvuri.

Mune floriculture yechipinda, maererano nezvakawanda zvinogamuchirwa, inomera iyi inowanikwa muboka rekushongedza rakagadziriswa. Izvi zvinonzwisisika: mhando dzakasiyana dzezvipfuwo zvitsvuku zvinokwezva nekuonekwa kwavo kwepakutanga. Hazvisi zvakasiyana uye variegated fern chamber. Nyika yekuzvarwa yepteris iU.SA. Zvisinei, dzimwe nyanzvi dzehupenyu dzinowanzofunga kuti iye muenzi kubva kuSouth Africa kana kuNew Zealand. Pamba, mhando dzakawanda dzakasvibiswa.

Nehrolepis

Iyi ndiyo mhando yakasiyana-siyana yeferns yemhuri yeDevallian. Inogona kuwanzoonekwa kwete muzvivako chete, asi zvakare mumahofisi emakambani akawanda. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanodavira kuti nzvimbo yekuberekwa kwefern yekamuri Nephrolepis iri kuSouth Asia.

Iyi mhuka inoonekwa seyeye inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye isina kunyatsoteerera: kutarisira iyo hakusi kwakaoma. Nokuti kubudirira kwekurima kwefern Nephrolepis hakudi kuwanda kwechiedza: uyu muti unenge mumvuri-unoregererwa, unogona kukura zvakanaka pasi pechiedza chekugadzira.

Chigadziro choga kumusana waro chaiwo ndeyemhepo yakaoma yemakamuri. Nokudaro, chipfuwo chemhuka chine ruvara chinoda kupa hunyoro huzhinji, kakawanda huchitsvaira, uye kunyanya munguva yechando. Kudiridza simiti kunoda kuenzanisa, mushure mekunge ivhu richaoma zvishoma. Muchiitiko ichi, kushayikwa kwenguva refu kwehutu munyika pasi coma kunokonzera kufa kwemashizha.

Adianum

Iyi fern ndiyo imba inogadzirwa nemufananidzo wayo unoratidza kunaka kwayo kunoshamisa. Izvo zvakajairika. Mashizha awo haatore unyoro zvachose, saka madonhwe emvura anoyerera zvakanaka pamusoro pavo. Adiantumi inomiririrwa nemasimba, asi pasi. Iyi mhuka haina kubvumira zuva rakananga. Ane chinokambaira chinokonzera, erect dikhistelic rhizomes, yakafukidzwa nemakwenzi mashoma machena.

Nechirudzi urwu rwekubatanidza zita rinoshamisa kupfuura mamwe maferns - Venerin hair. Zvechokwadi, chimiro chinoyevedza chakanaka chine jira rakatsetseka rakareba kusvika masendimita makumi mana kureba, zvikamu gumi nemashanu mamita yakafara zvine tsanga yakafanana nemhete uye pamusoro-soro. Venus yevhudzi muenzi wenguva dzose mumaguta uye mudzimba dzimba. Tinotenda nekuda kwechimiro chinoshamisa uye kunaka kwemashizha, izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa mumitambo yechando mumunda wechando, uko pavanoumba mavara ane mavara.

Asplenium - fern room

Nyika yekuzvarwa yemuti - imwe mhando dzemhuri iyi, kunyange isingakodzeri zvakakodzera kugadzirwa kwedzimba, ndiyo minda ine mvura yeAfrica neAustralia. Iine fern iyi muimba kana muimba yakaoma zvikuru, nokuti inokura kusvika kukura kunoshamisa.

Aspleniums vanoda nzvimbo dzine shady, kunyange zvazvo vasingakwanisi kurarama vasina chiedza, saka avo vanozozvitenga kuti vawane imba yavo, ichi chinofanira kufungisisa.

Kutarisira

Mhando yakakwana yekushanda yemhepo yekuwedzera kukura kwemhando ipi zvayo yefern ine 20 degrees (Celsius). Panguva imwecheteyo, iyi mhuka yeguru inotya kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze. Uye kunyange nzvimbo yekuberekwa yeimba yefern isinganzwisisiki, iye anoda nzvimbo inotonhorera. Vagadziri vemikuri vane ruzivo vanoziva kuti zvinopesana nechitendero chinowanikwa kuti chinokura zvikuru mumumvuri, mhando dzakawanda nehutongi "midzi" haisi yakaipa pakuona chiedza chakajeka asi chinopararira. Nzvimbo yakanakisisa yeimba yefern muimba ichave yewindo rekumabvazuva. Muchiitiko ichi, munguva yechando, inofanirwa kubhadhara maawa akawanda pazuva.

Miti inokura mumamiriro ezvinhu epamba, zvichida yakauya kwatiri kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzinotyisa kana kuti dziri pasi. Ndicho chikonzero nei vachida kudzivirirwa kubva kumashizha uye kutonhora.

Kunwisa

Hazvifanirwe kubvumirwa kuti nyika inenge yakasvibiswa iyo fern inotanga nzvimbo, inomesa. Kana, pane zvinopesana, yakanga yakazara mvura. Nekutanga kwekuchera kwechando kunofanira kuve kwakanyanya. Zvinenge zvese zvinomera zvemuti uyu zvinoda hunyoro huzhinji, saka iwe unoda kugara uchitsvaira, kana kuti kuisa imwe mini-tsime kana mudziyo wemvura.

Mukuwedzera, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuronga fern kamwe kamwe pavhiki, mvura inodziya. Muchitsime simiti inowanzodikanwa kubatanidzwa. Shure kwezvose, ferns yekamuri vane tsika yekukura. Apo pavanenge vakaoma, midzi yavo haigoni kukura zvakakwana, iyo inobata pakarepo mashizha.

Zvirwere zvinozivikanwa zvezvipenyu

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuri dzekunze dzinotyisa. Zvisinei, vose vane chirwere chakafanana. Iyo nyuchi dzinokanganisa, iyo inobata maruva emumukati emvura, ndiyo maruva uye mharayi. Izvo ndeyekuti vatenzi vezvipembenene izvi zvemafuro vanofanira kugara vakarwa. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unofanirwa kuputira mashizha uye kuchengetedza hunyoro huzhinji muimba. Uye pakupedzisira kubvisa, somuenzaniso, kubva pamiti, unogona kutenga muchitoro zvinodhaka zvakagadzirirwa kurwisana nezvipembenene izvi.

Dzimwe nguva zvirwere zvemukadzi wekamuri yacho zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekutarisira kusatarisa. Kana mashizha akave akajeka uye akafukidzwa nemavara matsvuku, izvi zvinoreva kuti muridzi anotora mvura. Nzvimbo dzekuvhenekera pamashizha dzinofananidzwa nemiti iyoyo iyo yakatsvairwa. Kuwa kwehutu hwemavara, iyo yakaoma-yakaguma yekuti mukamuri mhepo yakanyanyisa, uye kune kushayikwa kwemvura panyika pasi. Nekushaikwa kwezvibereko, mashizha anorara mumiti, uye kukura kwavo kunonoka.

Kana, pamusana pokuomeswa kweimba yefern yakasvibira, haufaniri kuora mwoyo: pamuti uyu unongoda kutema mashizha ose. Zvadaro inofanira kuiswa munzvimbo inopenya uye kuve nechokwadi chokuti pasi rinochengetwa mumamiriro ekudzivirira. Uye nokukurumidza mashizha matsva achaonekwa pane chigadziko chakareruka.