History of Carnival mu Russia

Mardi Gras - ndiwo mumwe mashoma mazororo enyika, pamwe zvemakore kare, izvo kuchiri Kunoitwa vokuRussia. Zvisinei, makumi ezviuru netsika, yakaitwa kuti tambo wechando vari kutarisira muLent, vomunguva yedu vanozivikanwa pakusimba 5-6. Zvakare, vazhinji havazivi kuti sei uye kana akaonekwa Russia Maslenitsa. Nhoroondo yezororo Zvinofadza nevana vari kunyanya kukwezvwa mafaro mitambo uye varaidzo, uyewo inonaka zvetsika chikafu. Somuenzaniso, zviri nyore kuwana mwana haadi Pancakes uye Pancakes!

mazororo echihedheni

Rites Spring musangano kuonekana chando vazhinji ndakagara avanhu mumazuva muchihedheni. Kunyanya, Slavs kubvira panguva yakare vakapemberera yechirimo kwezuva. Panewo imwe nzira maonero kuti nhoroondo Carnival ane nemidzi yawo nenguva apo kunamatwa mwari Veles, ndiye aiva musande aive mombe ruminant uye kurima. mabiko ake weveta yechi24 February kusvika manyorerwo matsva uye asati musangano gore idzva, izvo kusvikira 1492, gore rakatanga muna March.

haradhi

Vatsvakurudzi Vazhinji vanodavira kuti nhoroondo kwakabva Carnival yakatanga kuna Antiquity. Zvechokwadi, mutambo wakafanana tambo yechando necheSalvic aivapo muRoma yekare. Pashure kuitwa chiKristu neDare Constantine inotevera 1-2 remakore pamberi chechi paiva mubvunzo kuti zvachose zvechihedheni. Kuti izvi zvidaro, mitambo vakawanda chitendero chitsva zvaitambidzwa musi unoenderana mazuva apo kwakasarudzwa kuti varumbidze vanamwari vekare Roman. Kunyanya, miganhu muLent vakanga haachatauri zvishoma, uye pachinzvimbo bacchanalian, uye Saturnalia yakaitwa mudungwe dzechitendero. Sezvineiwo, vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti shoko French "Carnival" rinoshandurwa se "nyama yokuoneka", uye mukuwirirana nezita vekare wechipiri Russian Maslenitsa - Myasopustu. Kokutanga carnivals ari ano mupfungwa mumaguta akawanda European akatanga kutora nzvimbo muzana remakore rechi9. Panguva ino chechi kwasimbisa nzvimbo yacho, uye vafundisi zvisinganyanyi kushingaira akarwa vakasara vechihedheni kare, kunyanya kubvira pakutanga hafu yezororo vhiki iri Akaperekedzwa mhemberero dzakawanda dzechitendero.

History Shrovetide Kupemberera muRussia: zvinyorwa

Zvinozivikanwa kuti chiKristu vakauya kwatiri kubva kuna Byzantine Empire, kuti mutsivi tsika Greece yekare. Ndokusaka nhoroondo Carnival muRussia - musanganiswa necheSalvic mitambo netsika Orthodox chevarwere mitambo iri run-kusvika muLent. The yokupedzisira, akavapindurawo, yakabuda sezvo kuenderera mudungwe mukukudza mwari Dhionisio.

Carnival uye Akapiwa

Dzimwe nguva vanhu vanowanzotevedzera idealize kare uye kukanganwa kuti Russia kusvikira muzana remakore rechi18 raiva agrarian nyika, apo vakawanda vacho vaiva vanhuwo zvavo. kubudirira kwavo zvakananga ndezvokungotevedzera mamiriro okunze, saka kuti dzakaonda makore akawanda vaifanira kukurira chinonakidza nzara. Saka, kwomwoyo kudya vazhinji mumwe mashoma mafaro iripo, saka chero yezororo ikava mabiko. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka kana anofunga nhoroondo kwakabva Carnival. Zvikurukuru, vaongorori vakawanda vanodavira kuti muLent, kunze nechimiro chokureva zvechitendero, uye yakanga ine utilitarian pfungwa. Zvechokwadi, muna mukupera chando-pakutanga kwematsutso vanhuwo zvavo kupererwa zvokudya, uye kunyatsoomerera kurega akabvumira "kuti vabatisise" kusvikira kutsime, kana paine howa uye miriwo. Panguva iyoyo vari mangwanani February Ndakatanga calving mombe, saka zvakanga zvakawanda mukaka, kushandiswa kugadzira ruomba chizi. Panguva Akapiwa vakakwanisa kunokohwa ndisa, saka pashure Easter vanhuwo zvavo zvakagoverwa dzakakwirira-mafuta chikafu, waiva kwazvo batsira mumazuva yokudyara. Asati kusiya zvachose kwomwoyo, varimi uye vamiririri mamwe makirasi kunakidza uye vanobva vatanga nemakaro. Zvino, sezvo nyaya kumhuka panowanikwa Carnival, izvozvo zvaitsamira zvadzinofarira uye zvaunofarira amachinda madzimambo.

Celebration pasi Peter Mukuru

In yokutanga yezana remakore rechi18 kuRussia magamuchira dzimwe tsika European. Zvikurukuru, muna 1722, pashure kuramba tichishanda hondo pamwe Sweden, Kesari Peter Mukuru akakoka kubatanidzwa mabiko oilseed vamiriri dzavatorwa. Kuti vakashamiswa Europe, isina kumboitika kwechishamiso Pakarongwa: Mambo nomunyika chando mungarava, vauye gumi namabhiza, uye akateverwa "akayangarara" ari Gondola pamwe mambokadzi Catherine akapfeka ari nyore murimi mudiki. Uye kwete kuti ndicho zvose! For Vanhu youmambo kufambisa vamwe zvikepe, vauye mhuka zvakasiyana, izvo vakatakura dare. izvi zvose Akaperekedzwa mumhanzi ruzha uye kuvhenekerwa, uye akaita kuti vateereri zvirambe.

Kupemberera Carnival pasi Catherine II

History of Carnival uye rine mamwe mapeji dzinonakidza chokuita nezita Catherine II. Zvikurukuru, yava akasuma tsika kuronga Gras mudungwe muMoscow, izvo akamunzwira yose dare pakupera chando. Kokutanga chiseko pakati vomumaguta nevaenzi vokune dzimwe nyika yakadaro vakakwanisa kunakidzwa zuva kugadza of Empress. Just Mudungwe yaiva vanhu 4,000 vakapinda nengoro 200.

Panewo nyaya Carnival kupemberera, chokuita nguva yaitonga Catherine II: pachiitiko kuzvarwa muzukuru Alexander Empress akaronga mhemberero zvisina kumboitika zvikuru. Zvikurukuru, zvinozivikanwa kuti dare, rwakazokura vakundi mumitambo, vakatanga pashure kwemanheru, vakapiwa zvipo zvinokosha. Mune imwe chete manheru Empress akapa kure 150 zvishongo iyo Mardi Gras 1777, gore vaimudana Diamond.

tsika

History of Carnival rakaramba pamberi pedu tsananguro inokosha dzechiAztec. Panguva iyoyowo madzitateguru edu Pancakes vhiki rakanga kupendwa masikati, uye mumwe nomumwe aiva nezita chairo:

"Musangano" - Monday;

"Zaigrysh" -vtornik;

"Gourmand" - nharaunda;

"Wide-Razguliay China kuti" - China;

"Teschin Vecherki" - Chishanu;

"Zolovkina kuungana" - Mugovera;

"Day Forgiveness" - Sunday.

Zvakanga zvakakurumbira mabasa akadai Skating ice emasiraidhi Vatasvi, tsika dzine chokuita vachangobva kuchata, Mafambiro maskers, chibhakera kurwa uye boka makwikwi. Somuenzaniso, igrishch vadzidzi vakanzi huviri mapoka nekurova kana cams akaronga pamusoro kubatwa kwechando mutaundi. Uye, chokwadi, Carnival kunge zvisingaiti dzikasatsva effigies kuti vanotarira munyika dzakasiyana nenzira dzakasiyana.

kurapa

Sezvambotaurwa, kune Carnival aiva mukana wokupedzisira kudya zvakanaka zvokudya pamberi refu muLent. Traditional kudya kwaisanganisira nomukaka zvigadzirwa (ruomba, koteji chizi, chizi) uye mazai, uyewo zvose zvemarudzi furawa zvigadzirwa, akadai chizi makeke, cheese, pryazhentsy, lozenges uye manyoro. Kana rinonwa, kuti zvaunoda kuti doro.

Mutambo Maslenitsa: nyaya vana

Kuti aponese tsika Russian vanhu kunokosha zvikuru kuti accustom vana tsika yavo kubva pazera. Izvi zvinoshandawo Shrovetide. Pashure pezvose, zororo iri - mumwe mashoma kuti vaburukira kwatiri anenge kuchinja. Vadzidzisi vari zano kutanga kuziva vana Carnival aine nyaya kuti kamwe pamusoro nguva madzitateguru edu, ndaneta muchando refu, vakasarudza kuti kwaari unakirwe. Uye zvakadini zvokungonakidzwa pasina mitambo vana uye mafaro?! Saka, yakanga yakagadzirwa enyambo mumakwikwi umo vadzidzi kuwana ndiani pakati pavo ndiye vakashinga asi nomuvuki navo.

Uyewo, kana uchida kuronga zororo iri kukireshi "Mardi Gras, nyaya vana," inomirira pamwe vana kudzidza zvakasiyana-siyana majee, majee. Pasinei chokwadi kuti kuumba munhu emakore mashoma apfuura, nhasi vari yakanaka chishandiswa familiarizing vana tsika yenyika yavo.

Zvino kuti munoziva kuti kupemberera Maslenitsa muRussia. Nhoroondo yezororo rizere kunonakidza chokwadi kuti zvechokwadi achava kufarira vakuru nevana.