Highland Dagestan: hunhu, kusunungurwa, zvezvakatipoteredza

Chimwe chezvinhu wakajeka chinoda the Russian Federation - Dagestan. Zita iri rave richiwanika nemanomwe remakore uye rinoreva "nyika makomo". Iyi ndiyo nyika reserves, zvinoshamisa hunhu nharaunda.

siyana Dagestan

Geographical nzvimbo Highland Dagestan - kuchamhembe-wokumabvazuva yakatenuka kuCaucasus uye kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero of reCaspian mwoyo. Ndicho chinonyanya wokumaodzanyemba European chikamu Russia. Ane kunonyanyisa kureba - 400? Km kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. Latitude - vanenge 200 km. ReCaspian pamahombekombe mitsetse kungapfuurira 530? Km. muganhu Republic - maviri nzizi Kuma (kuchamhembe) uye Samur (kumaodzanyemba). Population heterogeneity uye ine vemarudzi mazhinji.

Ndima iri muzvikamu zvitatu, zvakasikwa maitiro zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe. 51% of zvokuvhoterwa inoremekedzwa pamapani. Kuchamhembe-yokumadokero uye kumaodzanyemba-okumabvazuva anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri kuti dzakaparadzaniswa pamipata nokumipata, kugara 12% akadana foothill chikamu. Highland Dagestan - zviri 37% munyika. Makomo nzvimbo - kuchinja kubva guru rwenze kuti yakamanikana misoro kuti kusvika 2500 mamita.

Dagestan chinhu chakakombama

Chinenge hafu zvokuvhoterwa - munzvimbo dzine makomo. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti hombe chikamu - Highland kumafuro mhando. Kune zvinopfuura 30 nenhongonya kuti mayambuka Chipingamupinyi 4000 mamita. Uye hwakawanda makomo, apo footage chete asingadi kusvika ichi chechetere. General gomo nzvimbo - 25.5 zviuru km² .. Naizvozvo, avhareji kureba zvokuvhoterwa - 960 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Ko soro gomo - Bazardyuzyu, kukwirira kwayo - 4466 m.

Rora, nheyo dzamakomo, zvakajeka yakakamurwa kumatunhu. Rakajairika uye matema shales, uye alkaline dolomitic reraimu, sandstone. Snow akatevedzana, Boghos uye Shalib - dombo iri.

Foothill kureba 225? Km racherwa transverse muhomba, nokudaro wezvamatongerwe rusvingo rwematombo rinokomberedza ane YOMUMAKOMO yomukati Dagestan. Zvaiva imomo kuti kupfuura mutsika vashanyi-vafambi.

Tourist nzira Dagestan nomumvura makomo inova Kushonga yacho nharaunda. Racy vertices, yevedza anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri yepasi Nzizi gomo uye chinopinda nhanho dzose kunzwisisa - zvinokosha kunonamata kuti adventurers.

Mountain ekunze mapazi

Republic okunze kunobva muvhu wongoramba. The nharaunda umo kukwira kunopfuura 1000 metres - yemakomo. nharaunda iyi anofukidza vanenge 40% of nharaunda yose zvokuvhoterwa. Pasinei musiyano pakati pemvura, okunze inogona semhosva mwero Continental.

Highland Dagestan kunoratidzwa achirova akasiyana tembiricha zviratidzi tichienzanisa dzakaderera. Panguva kukwira pamusoro 3000 metres tembiricha rose gore rukasafashukira pamusoro 0 ° C. The mwedzi coldest - January, izvozvo anoda kubva -4 ° C kuti -7 ° C. A zvishoma echando, asi chinogona kufukidza pasi rose gore. mwedzi akanyanya kupisa - August. Summer pamisoro kwechando, asi ushamwari mumipata.

Mugari kunaya. Kubva May kusvika July, unorema kubva inonaya. Kazhinji ndivo makore dutu. Livni anogona seranonoka kwevhiki dzinoverengeka. Precipitation muzadze rwizi, uye avo kuparadza mabhiriji uye kuparara mudungwe munzira.

The rwizi hurongwa

Relief yemakomo Dagestan pave chidzoke munhu gobvu richikurukura nzizi. On imwe nzvimbo 50.270 mativi makiromita kune nzizi pamusoro 6255. Asi pano zvinokosha kuziva kuti vakawanda vavo vane kureba pamusoro 10 km. Highland Dagestan chamuita kuti mikuru miviri nzizi munyika. Sulak iri ribviswe makomo kuchamhembe, uye Samur - kumaodzanyemba.

marudzi akasiyana Sulak yaimbonzi "Makwai Mvura" kana "Mangondo". Kureba - 169? Km. Ndicho muridzi guru kanjoni kuRussia. Kureba - anenge 50 km. Kunonyanyisa udzamu - 1920 mamita. Samur akambopiwa sevatsigiri "rwizi Chveher". Ndiwo rwizi yechipiri Dagestan. Kureba kwayo - 213? Km.

Kazhinji, 92% nzizi dzose - mugomo, dzasara 8% kuitika pamapani uye mujinga mezvikomo. avhareji kuyerera velocity ndiyo 1-2 m / s. The kunowedzera kumhanya yemafashamo. Kukasawedzerwa River advantageously uchanyauka mvura. Kusara ndiyo rwizi Gyulgerychay.

Mumwe nomumwe Nzizi ndezvaJehovha reCaspian bheseni, asi 20 chete vawe mugungwa. Delta akaumba pagore kuchinja nhungamiro yavo pamberi kweGungwa reCaspian.

Kupfuma ine makomo

Dagestan rakakamurwa zvitatu nenzvimbo zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe chine pachake zvachiri.

Mezvikomo - nzvimbo Chestnut uye gomo-dondo nevhu. Pazuva yakafara rwenze uye gomo dzakatenuka vakawana ivhu dema. Pane inowanzorimwa, dondo uye gomo kumafuro nyika.

Pamapani zvinoshandiswa zvokurima mafomu. Nomunzvimbo dzine makomo akazara dondo mikoko (dzinokwana vanopfuura 10%). Forest kunobvumirwa miouki. Kumaodzanyemba dzine kunyanya Beech uye hornbeam dondo. Munzvimbo yomukati varipo Birch uye mupaini. Plateau - mafuro ezvipfuwo. The varombo chikamu inopisa - vertices. Pane kurarama chete chando-akaomarara mosses uye lichens.

Wildlife yemakomo Dagestan akasiyana. Munzvimbo iyi kurarama Dagestan mbudzi, shava mabheya, anokudzwa Caucasian nondo, nemharapara mhembwe, bezoar mbudzi, ingwe. Vanotsvakurudza ruzivo vakawanda sei nyika shiri. Ular, chukar, Alpine Chough uye Makondo tenda dzakakwirira nzvimbo nani kurarama.

Ecology uye Conservation

Kuzvikudza nedunhu - reserves uye zviwanikwa mumapaka. Gore negore kuwedzera ndima iri pasi pehurumende kudzivirirwa. Kupfuma wenyika anofanira kuchengetedzwa uye hanya. Kuchengetedza kusiyana kasvisto uye fauna of - chikuru basa kwehurumende ano.

Asi nhasi pane zvakakomba zvezvakatipoteredza matambudziko yemakomo Dagestan. The guru - tsvina kunwa mvura zvinyorwa. Kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nemabasa evanhu. Kamwe Nzizi yakachena nyura kusuruvara tsvina. Regai kuuya zvishoma kukuvadza kuti kuba zvicherwa uye kuparadzwa. Air kusvibisa zvinomera uye mafekitari. Pane murombo kwetsvina hurongwa.

The guru ngozi idzi nzvimbo huru - kurega vanhu vepo zvisikwa. Usakanganwa kuti yose Dagestan iri munzvimbo yemakomo munharaunda. Kusingasaruri kwemiti kunotungamirira kuti mawere vaparadzwa. kukurwa kwevhu muitiro kunosimbiswa ose gore. Naizvozvo, nyika anogona nokukurumidza zvachose kuchinja chitarisiko kana zvachose.