Hanyanisi lettuce: akanaka, kunyanya kurima uye kutarisirwa

Ndiani asina vanzwa tsika yakadaro, kufanana lettuce? vanhu Zvichida kwete vakadaro. Kana anozviratidza pamusoro echiShinto rokutanga zvakasvibirira, tinofara kutenga, pamwe hanyanisi, nedhiri parsley nyoro lettuce mashizha, vakaungana Masvinga. Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti zvakakanganisika lettuce - ari uta, asi kana iwe akakumbira uye kwazvo kunzwisisa musimboti nyaya, zvinokwanisika kuziva kuti ichi pakati hanyanisi worudzii haako. Kune Welsh, leeks kana shallots, hanyanisi, pakupedzisira, asi lettuce ... Zvisinei, ngatitangei kubvumirana: lettuce - munhu Salad. Asi nekuti dzimwe nguva vanhu kunyonganisa izvi pfungwa, tiri munyaya, tichaita dzimwe nguva "kuita kuchengetedza".

Retisi / hanyanisi lettuce, kurimwa iri kwaiitwa kubvira panguva yakare - the kunozivikanwa miriwo chirimwa, izvo ane nzvimbo niche ari Asteraceae. Ndiyo zvirimwa zvekare kurimwa muMediterranean zvitatu zvemakore zvakapfuura. About ake kushandiswa anozivikanwa vapristi veIjipiti, vatongi Persian vakanamata rive vaitire, sapamazuva akare Byzantium rave richishandiswa sechinhu anobudirira zvinodhaka.

Vakambovhenekerwa Europe akadzidza pamusoro Salad panguva Louis XIV, uye kubva ipapo kwayo mukurumbira ari kukura. Nhasi lettuce - mumwe kufarira miriwo yezhizha uye ndimo zvinokosha zvinhu kuchikosha murume. Bhuku iri yakatsaurirwa tsika iyi zvinoshamisa.

Description of genus

Kune marudzi anopfuura 100. lettuce. Nokuti chinonyanya chikamu chiri pagore herbaceous chirimwa ane nechepakati rosette tichibatanidza Mashizha zvakasiyana-siyana uye mavara. Inflorescence tsika - whisk kana mumakwenzi, hunoumbwa nemaruva duku. Mushure pollination, muchero hwapedyo - achene. Kurimwa lettuce, rinonzi zvakasiyana - lettuce kana hanyanisi.

In zvokudya ukapisa mashizha, izvo kumorwa pamberi paumbwe hunde nekuti ipapo vanotanga zvinooneka zvinovava,.

Hanyanisi retisi: sezvo achikura

chirimwa ichi siyana. Chinonyanya mukurumbira vari mashizha awo, iceberg, asiparagasi uye mudanga mhando. MuRussia, kusvikira ichangopfuura yaiva inonyanya mashizha lettuce, nhasi Chikwata vade kuramba pakuwana Kochan marudzi, zvichiumba mashizha makuru pakutanga, kubva parusvingo nzira yokubudisa Anoumba anongoremberera kana zvakasimba musoro.

Retisi mhando dzinoiswa ne ya ichiibvira, kuzivisisa pakati mazuva mangwanani zvinomera nguva kusvika 45, svikiro (50-60 mazuva) uye mushakabvu (mazuva 80).

The vakawanda kudiwa nhasi, jira lettuce mhando (Riga, Moscow girinihausi), vanotsigira kuibvisa, ichibereka marketable zvinhu pashure 35-40 mazuva pashure kudyara. Zvinonzi kuwedzera kukurumbira Roman Salad mashizha ayo vasunge, simulating paumbwe musoro, mukati inobereka nhungirwa nyoro chiedza.

Retisi rudo chiedza uye kutonhora shiviriro. ehupfumi izvi ndezvemamiriro zvidzidzo zvose uye mhando. Chinonyanya rokunyaradza tembiricha kuti chirimwa kukura ruzivo Chikwata funga zvakawanda +10 ... + 19˚S.

Hanyanisi retisi: hunoshatisa zvivako uye kukuvadza

Yakasiyana Kuronga Mashizha chirimwa, umo akawandisa anobatsira zvisaririra okunze, rokunyorovesa womunhu potassium, zingi, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium nezvimwe yeimwe. uswa ichi - Dura mavhitaminzi vemapoka B, A, C, R. Nokuda pamberi izvi zvinhu zvokudya yaunodya zvinomera kunopa muviri chaizvoizvo ari rutapudzo mumatanho pashure pokuvhiyiwa, zvirwere zvakakomba, pakurapa pulmonary, zvemwoyo, zvirwere gastric uye huta zvirwere. Uyezve, zviri pasi-mafuta chigadzirwa unokubvumira kuzvitengesa chikamu zvokudya zvakawanda. Hanyanisi, lettuce, kubika Quick kubva dzekubikira izvo vanokosheswa munyika dzakasiyana, vakabudirira kushandiswa kudzivisa kufutisa.

Fresh muto kubva Mashizha lettuce zvinobatsira optimize ari zvomudumbu muitiro uye normalize havi. Infusions kushandiswa chiropa chirwere. Kuwedzera lactation mu vanamai roukoti yakapwanyika mbeu. Nokushingaira kushandisa zvizoro chirimwa nokuda kurapwa kurasikirwa bvudzi uye kudzorera ganda racho mamiriro.

Pasinei kushanda zvinomera, kurishandisa nokungwarira vanofanira kuva vanhu vane zvirwere zvakadai gastric kana duodenal urikanwi, asima, tiibhii.

Site kusarudzwa mitemo uye zvaanoda kuti ivhu

Culture kumhara nzvimbo inofanira akazaruka, aerated, asiwo diki shading hakurevi kukuvadza chirimwa. Anoda kwazvo unzenza uye chiedza-vakapedzwa jecha loam, hanyanisi lettuce rinokura zvakanaka loams. Kana chete ivhu maitiro akanga akafanana indekisi pamusoro ph 6.5-7.5, uye pasi mvura haapindi pedyo pepasi. Retisi anoda mwero nyoro nevhu: kurega kunotanga tigume mupudzi, kukonzera panowanikwa ora.

Kunwisa acidity iri neutralized nokuda liming nzvimbo panguva pre-chirimwa. Zano yakanga yakagadzirirwa kubvira pakupunzika, kuwedzera kuorera ivhu nokuchera pakatanga manyowa kana mufudze mune imwe mari 5-6 makirogiramu nitrophosphate uye 60 g pa 1 mamita ² nharaunda. The yakanakisisa yapfuura kukudziridzwa ambotaurwa aisarudza mubhedha, muri bhinzi uye zviyo. Retisi wakasimwa hanyanisi mushure makabheji uye mamwe cruciferous kwete inokurudzirwa.

kudyara mizambiringa yakabva kumwe

Seeded tsika zvakananga mubindu kana kukura seedling nzira, izvo zvinoita kuti vawane anobatsira mashizha ipapa. Nzira Vose vane vatsigiri uye vaimupikisa. We tsanangura mumwe nomumwe wavo. mbeu mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vari vakakushwa mumidziyo vakazadzwa musanganiswa pevhu nyika manyowa zvienzane zvikamu, ari gumi April rokutanga. Vigai mbeu 1 masendimita uye spacing pakati pemitsara vanofanira kuva 1.5-2 cm. Zvadaro, ivhu iri mugaba zvishoma nekuumbanidzwa uye moisturize nomunhu atomizer. Nokuti zviri nani kumera vanokwanisa akafukidzwa negirazi kana firimu, nokusika kupfuura kusununguka kwezvakatipoteredza. Pamwe kwaita mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kufukidza zvinhu yabviswa, richi- kura mbesa thinned, anochengeta daro pakati mizambiringa yakabva kumwe 2 cm.

vakagadzirira transplanting kuti wakagadzirira pokutangira pashure 30-35 mazuva mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Panguva ino mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vane 3-4 mashizha chimiro. Makavasima, kuchengeta chete vanochiva waiva seedling midziyo, vakatarira nokungwarira kwete kunoviga mudzi chipika. Kure pakati pamakwenzi yakaramba, kufunga giredhi, sezvo nzvimbo skorospelok simba chete 1 dm they ² nokuti Medium mangwanani - 2.2 dm they ^2, uye gare gare - 6.2 dm they ^2.

It nharo kuti seedling transplantation inoremadza miti, asi ungwarire nzira hachingavarwadzi zvikuru.

Kudyara mbeu zviri anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri

Pakachena akatevedzana mbeu lettuce pamusoro dzakadyarwa kumavambo kana pakati-May, kana paavhareji tembiricha nezuva iri pana kumativi +4 ... + 5? C. Zvisinei, kutsungirira uye kuramba chando miti inoita kuti kutsungirira tsime frosts kuti -2? C. Kazhinji vanoita podseivanie tsika, kuramba penguva mazuva 15-20 kupa miriwo anobatsira chirimo zvose.

The peculiarity tsika iyi, kufanana hanyanisi, lettuce, ndechokuti ichiibvira mushakabvu-mhando husingakwanisi bolting. Mbeu vari unodyarwa mumisara, ari spacing pakati chiri mamakisi kuti jira 7-9 cm Kochan - kwete asingasviki 15 cm.

Care tsika

Caring Chiitiko zvetsika lettuce, ivo zvinosanganisira kugara kusunungura, achibvisa masora uye anodiridza vanonzwisisa. Hanyanisi uye lettuce hygrophilous zvinoda kuramba hwevhu, asi zvakakosha mwero zvose, saka edza vasingafaniri kushandisa kwazvo achidiridzira. Uyezve, rekukwazisa cobs vanotanga vasunge, kuderedza kudiridzwa.

Qualitative Kugadzirwa tsika kunosanganisira kuita zvakakodzera fetiraiza. Best nokuti lettuce akawana senitrogen-potassium fertilization, achiwedzera kuti uyewo zvinoenderana mimwe mirayiro:

• Kuwanda fetiraiza mune mhinduro ipfupi nehafu zvichienzaniswa zvavakabvumirana mureza mirayiridzo zvinodhaka;

• kudyisa mipiro zvakananga pazasi mudzi, tichidzivisa kuonana mashizha;

• isa fotereza chakasimwa vhiki pashure transplanting mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kana mbeu.

Chikwata vanoita kurimwa tsika pedyo zvinomera, haukwezvi zvipukanana. Avo vaiona sipinachi, pizi, nightshade. Favorite Muvakidzani zvirimwa zvakadai lettuce hanyanisi - leeks.

Saka, kurima lettuce - nyore muitiro rinounza vabatsirwe uye kugutsikana.