FSB kuita chii? The Federal Security Service of Russian Federation: masimba

Sezvatinoziva, chero nyika - ndiro sangano rakakura chinopa yakakwana mararamiro kuti vagari vemo. Saka zvakanaka munyika zvakananga kunokanganisa mararamiro kwevagari vayo. The yokupedzisira, akavapindurawo, tinosungirwa nechokwadi kudzivirirwa ehurumende. Izvi vanhu vakaziva kare, izvo zvakazoita kuti chisikwa wehondo. Vamiririri Its vagara airemekedza uye kukurumbira munzanga.

Zvisinei, kuwedzera kwakajairika mauto, kuchengeteka masangano aiva nesimba ose, uyo akarwa ungwaru dzimwe nyika iri munharaunda yavo. Masangano akadaro kakawanda chinozoiswa mabasa avo mumumvuri kuvanzirana yokunzvera maziso nzira uye nzira yokushanda. Kunyange zvakadaro, nhasi nezvokuvapo uye kushanda zhinji hurumende kuchengeteka zvivako hazvishamisi, sezvo ivo vari munyika dzinenge dzose.

Kana Russia, ipapo nyika yedu uye pane dhipatimendi chaiyo inonzi Federal Security Service, kana FSB. Ko sangano ichi, ayo mamiriro uye mashandiro ichakurukurwa gare gare munyaya.

Chii FSC?

The Federal Security Service of Russian Federation - muviri chinangwa chinokosha, kuva varikutonga bazi. It zvokurimisa chairo basa racho chaizvo. yeUnited muviri basa nechinangwa rutsigiro nzwisisika yokuchengeteka National. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti FSB, uyewo FSO, iyo SVR uye GFS rinoreva chinokosha mabasa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti sangano mvumo aite rokutanga kuongorora uye mabasa operative-kutsvaka mukati simba rayo. FSB rinotarisira zvakananga Mutungamiri Russian Federation, kubudikidza Director. Musoro FSB nhasi - Bortnikov, Alexander Vasilievich. Kuwanda vashandi Classified basa.

History chokusika

Pane zvakawanda ngano pamusoro sangano iri, ari FSB. Ko muviri ichi, tinoziva kuti gadziriro iri pamutemo kuumbwa kuti anodzora mabasa ayo. Kune mamwe mabasa anogona chete zvokufungidzira. Zvisinei, kufarira hakusi chete basa FSB, asi iri nyaya refu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti basa rinokosha rakavambwa yebasa chirevo President Russian muna 1993.

Asi sezvo basa rakadaro rakauya yokutanga yezana XX remakore. Yakava muvambi of Emergency Committee, makasimbiswa pakarepo mushure chimurenga. Cheka akava muviri huru iyo akapa ari proletariat udzvinyiriri. Vamiririri masangano achirwisa pakaunda-chimurenga, uyewo vamiririri emakoronyera zvikuru ngozi mu simba panguva kuRussia. The mutsivi Cheka ava NKVD, iyo gare gare akanga kurongwazve kupinda State Security Committee. Authority akaita kusvikira kuparara Soviet Union. Kana akati mamiriro vakaguma kuvapo, mubvunzo akasimuka rakasikwa munhu chikwata pakubata paruzhinji yakachengeteka akazvimirira Russia. Sezvambotaurwa, dzakadai yaiva simba Federal Security Service.

Munhau yacho, Federal Security Service kurongazve kanoverengeka. Rinonyatsooneka kuchinja kwakaitwa muna 2003 uye 2004. Muchiitiko chokutanga, varindi pamuganhu basa wakatangwa muna FSB. Danho rakatevera raiva ari nokubatanidzwazve vashandi kuchengeteka muviri mamiriro. Kuwanda mutevedzeri mukuru FSB wacho wakaderedzwa kusvika mana navaviri.

pamutemo kuzvidzora

Mabasa FSB nemamwe mamiriro ezvirevo zvakafanana rinoitwa pahwaro mitemo chaiyo. Nemamwe mashoko, pane kuparadzana mwero nechimwe. Saka, muna kwayakaita anotungamirirwa zvatinopiwa of FSB anotevera pamutemo mabasa:

1. RF Constitution.
2. FL "Musi Federal Security Service."
3. Normative mabasa Hurumende.
4. Departmental mirairo.

The akauya mazita magwaro pamutemo kunoratidza kuti mabasa FSB ari pamutemo uye democratic. Uyezve, zvitupa kutsanangura mirayiridzo muviri.

Mashandiro ari Federal Security Service

Mutemo "Musi Federal Security Service," chinopa mishoma nzvimbo umo sangano anoita basa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti basa anogona chokuwedzera nekugadzirisa mitemo akakodzera. Muchiitiko chino, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, nokuchengeteka Russian Federation - iri, Chokwadi, chikuru basa kunotaurwa munyaya dhipatimendi. Zvisinei, zvinonzi chinozoiswa comprehensively, kureva kwakasiyana-siyana. Saka, kusvikira zuva, ari FSC unoshanda zvinotevera:

• pakurwisana mhando mhosva zvikuru ngozi;
• pakurwisa hurumende uye ugandanga;
• Implementation kuti kaunda-njere;

• kudzivirirwa kumuganhu wehurumende;
• kuchengeteka mune ruzivo.

Current mitemo yeUnited uyewo rinotsanangura vamwe minda basa FSB Somuenzaniso, ari Implementation pakati Anti-uori.

The nemamiriro dhipatimendi

Mutemo "Musi Federal Security Service" muzvinhu zvakawanda zvinopa nzwisiso sechivako basa inopiwa munyaya. nyaya iyi ndiyo nokure anonakidza zvikuru. Pashure pezvose, nemamiriro rinoratidza yokutanga nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvinoitwa basa. Saka, kuti zuva, zvinotevera chidhiraivho vanobatanidzwa, services uye madhipatimendi of FSB:

• Office Machine pachayo;
• Counterintelligence Service uye kudzivirirwa Dare ezvinhu ari Russian Federation;
• basa chibatiso zvoupfumi nemunhu;
• Border, basa vashandi uye private kuchengeteka;
• Department of Investigation;
• Military Counterintelligence Department.

Kunewo vamwe, zvikuru zviduku mapoka anoumba FSB. Ko mumwe mabhizimisi dhipatimendi, rinogona kunzwisiswa nokuongorora pamutemo kuumbwa uye pamusoro basa mamwe mashoko pamutemo.

Special dzakabatana

FSB mabasa akasiyana zvachose pabasa avo kana zvimwe STRUCTURAL idzodzo basa. Zvisinei, pane zviumbu kuti anoiswa pamberi chinangwa chinokosha. inotungamirwa Ndizvo Special Operations Center of FSB. maviri kuzvidzora unoshanda kwayo sezvamunoita: "A" ( "default") uye "B" ( "pennant"). Zvidzidzo vaiita zvakananga mabasa. Somuenzaniso, "Alpha" - sangano zvakatangwa kurwisa ugandanga, mubatwa kununura uye kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinetso inokosha. Masoja "Alpha" kazhinji kuita mabasa ari inopisa makwapa akadai muBosnia, muChechnya, Dagestan uye m. P.

Kana "Vympel" zviyero, ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo pakavanda nhasi. The nhamba, murayiro uye kudzora vashandi zvausingazivi. Sangano naicho wakakomberedzwa chakavanzika. kushanda kwayo chete runyerekupe kuti vatongwe, maererano iyo, "Vympel" rinoshandiswa zvinhu kunze kwenyika.

Kunyanya mudonzvo

Chero hurumende sangano mudonzvo akasarudza nokungwarira. FSB iyi nyaya vanouya kuzoshanda muviri somunhu muchiuto kana zvavo vashandi pamusoro kodzero mhando. Panyaya iyi, iyo Office akakurudzira vanhu vanotova dhigirii dzimwe muminda basa. Uyezve, pane chinokosha Academy of Federal Security Service. In sangano iri rokudzidzisa kugadzirira vatariri kuti vamiririri zvimwe madhipatimendi madhipatimendi.

mhedziso

Saka, takaedza kuongorora zvinoitwa maumbirwo vakadaro, FSB. Ko muviri ichi, kunyanya maitiro uye vashandi vayo marongerwo yavewo inorondedzerwa munyaya. Tinovimba kuti mune ramangwana inoshandiswa zvichaita chete kuvandudza basa ravo, nekuti kwayakaita kwakabatana kuchengetedzwa Russia zvakananga.