Fort Krasnaya Gorka: kare, mepu, machati, mapikicha, nzendo, sei kuti kusvika miziyamu

Fort Krasnaya Gorka - kuzvidzivirira chivako pamhenderekedzo muGulf of Finland, riri makore anopfuura 100. Panguva ino, nhare iri Lomonosov yeRwizi Leningrad nharaunda akamira nehondo mana, asi kubva 1960 akarega kushandiswa sezvo chisimbiso nokuda kudzivirirwa yegungwa Saint-Petersburg nemugungwa. Vakwikwidzi emauto zvenhoroondo nzanga, vashandi miziyamu yakasimbiswa munharaunda dzavarwi chirangaridzo. Unogona kutora zvinonakidza vachiratidzwa nzvimbo, kuramwa kutya mune dzimwe nechisimba.

Kudomwa achizvidzivirira mamiriro

Pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore kusimbisa kuti Kronstadt nhare nhare maviri chakavakwa - Eno uye Red Hill - muzvivako zvakagadzirirwa kuti usatadza muvengi wacho rengarava kuna St. Petersburg. Kuvamba kuvaka yomusi 1909, uye kuguma kwayo - 1915. Best Nyanzvi Russian wengarava mubasa magadzirirwo uye akatarisira kuvakwa dzavarwi. The zita akauya roga, sezvazvakanyorwa unogamuchirwa munyika mazita - nezita pedyo musha.

Saka mutsva kuzvidzivirira nzvimbo - Fort Krasnaya Gorka. Kwemakore, rainzi Alekseevskii Krasnoflotskaya uye akava nesimba kuzvidzivirira dzikafunga kumaodzanyemba pamahombekombe Gulf sechikamu nhare Kronstadt. Atirari mabhatiri vari zvakasimba akadzivirira St. Petersburg nokuda kamwe ndima uye muvengi kurwiswa. Chete kamwe zvikepe yeBritain vakarwisa ngarava Russian rimire migwagwa (1918).

Map of Gulf Finland, izvo chakaratidza musha uye dzavarwi, anopa pfungwa yokuti nzvimbo runodzivirira mamiriro. Mauto aro akanga aigarira muna 1914 uye totaled 4,5 zviuru. Varwi (Gunners, Zvikepe, vafambisi vengarava).

Gungwa nhare World Wokutanga Civil War

Fort Krasnaya Gorka kusvikira muna 1919 havana kubatanidzwa muhondo kushandiswa. Asi mamiriro ezvinhu akapoteredza "Dzinde pokuchinja" - Petrograd - akanga achiva nengozi zvikuru yokurwisa mauto Yudenich. Muna 1918, dzavarwi akanga mined, haana paakasvika muvengi, asi nokurohwa asina chinzvimbo. Zvegore, uye gare gare matatu ravarwi akazarura moto muvengi panyika uye muGulf of Finland. Muzhizha 1919 vakatanga Anti-Bolshevik kumukira vengarava vane akakurira moto zvikepe kuBaltic Fleet.

Fort Krasnaya Gorka panguva belofinskoy uye Great Patriotic War

Red Army 30 November 1939 yakatanga kuvhiyiwa kumedura kubudikidza rakavakirwa uye aionekwa panguva iyoyo haripindiki kudzivirira wemuTesitamende Finland - "Mannerheim Line". The mabhatiri kubva dzavarwi vanogumurwa pamusoro Finnish zvepamusoro, asi kwete kwenguva refu. mabasa More kunzwisisa anoteererwa nhare munguva kudzivirira oranienbaumin bridgehead kubva mauto eNazi. Rakanga mumwe nguva Guru Patriotic War chakaoma zvikuru. The ravarwi dzavarwi aizorega vaNazi pedyo kupfuura vaigona kuwana atirari vaitenderera.

Two emakore pashure Guru Victory muna 1945 pakati kwepfuti dzakaendeswa muchanyauswa pasi, uye muna 1975 pakava chiratidzo chirangaridzo parimwe mabhatiri. Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union hakuna kudzivirira zvomumvura nhare dzokurwa asara pano yaiva chayabata "vavhimi kuti simbi." Military dzekare vakaedza kuchengeta Fort Krasnaya Gorka. Photos of achangopfuura makore - ari kutambudzika runhare, achidana kunze ari shongwe kubva pakuparadzwa uye zvachose.

Create chirangaridzo

Point vemauto dzekare magwaro zvinoratidza kuti ane 60 mamita ² nzvimbo dzavarwi paiva girenayiti Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda, kuiswa pachinzvimbo rwehama kuvigwa vakafa vezvikepe pamwe vaparadzi matatu, dzakanga yakanyura pamusoro nzira kuna Kronstadt. Paiva plaques mazita avo vakaurayiwa uye akavigwa muguva. Muna 1974-1975 kune yechi30 gore Kukunda muGreat Patriotic War akachengetedzwa zvivako dzavarwi tasarudza kupfeka kuitira, shandisa zvakadzama pamusoro shongwe dzidzo muchiuto-nyika. Kwaiva chiito zano kuti kumisa shongwe munhare "Sea Kukudzwa" uye bazi Naval Museum, umire pamusoro basa romumhenderekedzo yegungwa atirari ari kudzivirira Leningrad uye oranienbaumin bridgehead.

It anopa kuvaka kupaka nokuda rwokuparidza mabhazi, walkways, kuona nzvimbo, mumwe miziyamu panze nharaunda. Chirangaridzo akanga pamutemo akasvinudzwa May 9, 1975, asi mumakore iwayo haana rakapa magwaro wenyaya kunyika rangano uye pasipoti kweuto-nhoroondo chinhu. Mushure 1990, hurumende yakachinja socio-zvematongerwe enyika uye yakakodzera kutsigira zvinhu nokuda basa chirangaridzo kunzwisisa mibvunzo. Ndima yayo yakanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara pfuti, asi ndinoonga iyi akaponesa shongwe.

Museum of kunozivikanwa Fort

Anenge makore 100 pashure pakutanga kuvakwa pfuti emplacements vakwasvi kuDare matunhu neminisiparati masimba ose Lomonosov yeRwizi Leningrad streek chikumbiro kudzorera chirangaridzo kunzwisisa uye miziyamu "Fort Krasnaya Gorka." Kunozivikanwa nhare gungwa kuti akadzivirira St. Petersburg, zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa uye akazaruka rokuongorora. Vakabatsira zvakanaka mhinduro yacho mubvunzo kuti huchipfuurira. kuyeuka mubereko revashanyi kune chinhu pamahombekombe muGulf of Finland. It vakatangazve basa miziyamu wayo kwamagwaro kukasawedzerwa zvinhu kutanga uye pakati XX remakore, yakawanikwa mumapako wakakombwa gungwa. Ivo inoiswa aimbova yokuchengetera uye inifanduri matumba.

How kupinda munharaunda dzavarwi

On kushanya ndima zvakafanira kubvumirana pachine pamusoro revashanyi, pamwe utungamiriri sangano nemauto-nhoroondo "Fort Krasnaya Gorka." How kuti ichida wenhoroondo zvechiuto uye revashanyi gwaro, vagari vemo uye vaenzi zhizha, izvo muzhizha kazhinji kuenda akananga "Swan Lake Fort Krasnaya Gorka." Map of nzvimbo waida vacho ndiani kufamba nebhazi achitevedza nzira "Lomonosov-Red Hill", kana kushandisa chitima "Saint Petersburg-Krasnoflotsk", iro ngaubve kuBaltic Station, kuchamhembe guta. Nemotokari dzavarwi ingasvikwa kuburikidza Swan Lake.

Achienda Fort kupedza dzinoyevedza kuti Leningrad nharaunda uye St. Petersburg mahofisi. Museum uye chirangaridzo mapazi ndokwenguva nzvimbo 20 hectares. Karwendo musi Fort kunotora maawa 8-9. Kushanyira chirangaridzo kunzwisisa uye miziyamu Pay (800-1000 rubles). Unofanira kuva furashiraiti kuzoongorora zvivako pachivande.

The huru zvinotyisa ndivo miziyamu uye chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Fort Krasnaya Gorka":

• kongiri chinzvimbo uye matochi;
• shongwe vafambisi uye Gunners;
• vakasara mabhatiri uye casemates;
• Atirari njanji conveyors;
• Fort Museum.

Fort Krasnaya Gorka (Leningrad nharaunda). Njodzi shongwe

Kuororwa yokushanyira nzvimbo iyi pamhenderekedzo muGulf of Finland muna Lomonosov Dunhu yaidzvinyirira. The uswa nemiti anooneka kongiri Slabs, akafukidzwa paiva Moss lichen. Bunkers uye njanji vashoma vane pamakwenzi. Fans kuti "Stalker" by Strugatsky hama ingaita kuti pano pane "mapazi" chete. Concrete Marara musango - nayo anotaura nokuputika zvombo muna 1918.

Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, munyika haana akabvisa anoshongwa, kwete neutralized zvimbambaira vakaisa kure shure sezvo Civil War. On nharaunda kuramba demining, vari mainjiniya ounyanzvi. Museum Vashandi vanotarisira kuti pashure okuguma mutsigiro revashanyi munhare achava kwakachengeteka, uye miziyamu uchawedzera zvinoratidza itsva akawanikwa sappers.