Federal chimiro paruzhinji-miganhu

Pfungwa miganhu chehurumende zvinoreva nzira yawo sangano administrative-miganhu. mamiriro kwakadaro kunogona kuva chete sangano hurumende, kana panofanira kuva muzvizhinji nzvimbo, rimwe nerimwe richava pasi yavo hurumende pachedu rwakafara masimba.

A unitary chimiro paruzhinji-miganhu

Unitary muchimiro chaizvo kwakapararira. ezvinhu akadaro kunoratidzwa kubatana mitumbi yose hurumende, pamutemo hurongwa uye bumbiro, izvo anoparadzirwa pasina kukamurwa kana kodzero, kuti nharaunda yose. nyika ava Sweden, Italy, Poland, zhinji nyika muAfrica uye Asia.

Federal chimiro paruzhinji-miganhu

Kusiyana unitary, yeUnited chimiro zvinoratidza kumbonyanya kunzwisisa chivakwa, izvo zvinosanganisira zvayo nhengo zviyero, zvishoma chinzvimbo panyaya ukuru hwaro uye kukosha kwomutemo dzakawanda. Its nhengo masangano anogona anotaurwa dzakasiyana: yacho inoti, nyika, cantons, Emirates, mudunhu, uye zvichingodaro. Asi nguva dzose yeUnited chimiro wehurumende-miganhu mudziyo yokuti izvi - omunharaunda - vatambi akatamisa chikamu uchangamire hwavo nyasha miviri hurumende nechepakati. Saka, pane chaizvoizvo pane nhanho mbiri pakati ehurumende midziyo: soro - yeUnited, ane simba kuratidzirwa yose nyika, uye simba miganhu nyaya Federation - pachirehwa chete mukati neimwe nyaya nyika. Saizvozvowo, mitemo anogona kukamurwa avo vari pasi rokumanikidzirwa kuurayiwa chete mukati shoma nzvimbo zvidzidzo (sezvo iri US States), uye pahunosiya - batana. Federal chimiro wehurumende-miganhu yakarongeka rikunde, sezvo mutemo, munyika, ethnically heterogeneous (Belgium), nyika yakabuda nokuda kubatanidza kare kuzvimiririra nzvimbo (akadai Switzerland, Germany, USA), uyewo ane chaizvo pamwero mukuru nzvimbo kana vakawanda chavagari (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakare, mumwe yeUnited chehurumende kuRussia, territorially-zvematongerwe enyika).

Maitiro zviri batana mamiriro:

1. Hurumende rinoumbwa dzakawanda vakaparadzana masangano kuti vane simba pamiviri yavo.
2. The parliaments pakati yeUnited inoti zviri hazvo bicameral, nekuti imwe kamuri chinhu vakawanda yeUnited uye mumwe rinoumbwa vamiririri Nyika. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti paramende bicameral ishande nenzira unitary ezvinhu, kwete hazvo ari chiratidzo nokuda Federation.
3. In nemisanganiswa dzakawanda, pane pfungwa pamusoro nezvekuva chizvarwa chenyika mbiri: dzomunharaunda chinoda uye nhamba.
4. Foreign ukama munyika dzakadai ndidzo chete anozviita ari nechepakati nhengo nehurumende.