Ettli Klement - yakakurumbira enyika remakore rechimakumi maviri. Attlee klemenet: nechinzwano zvekunze mitemo

Ettli Klement anonzi mumwe mukuru pasvikira wekupedzisira remakore. Pasinei nokuti zvaiva Labor Party, aiva noukama hwakanaka Churchill (weConservative mutungamiri). Uye mumwe mumiririri kuzvikudza, Margaret Thatcher, kwagara feni ake.

makore muduku

Ettli Klement akaberekwa musi 03/01/1883 muLondon. Baba mutemo aishanda zviri pamutemo basa. Muna 1904, ramangwana wehurumende akapedza kudzidza University of Oxford pamusoro specialization "Contemporary History". Gare gare, vakapedza kudzidza rorusununguko Mutemo.

Attlee akatanga kushanda nevana. It zvakachinjira ake maonero. Akachinja maonero ake, uchifamba kubva kuzvikudza muna Socialist. Pazera makore makumi maviri nemashanu, akava nhengo Independent Labor Party.

Activities Attlee:

• munyori Beatrice Webb;
• kumbodzidziswa School of Economics (London);
• Iye akarwa muhondo (World);
• meya matunhu neminisiparati dunhu.

political basa

Maererano migumisiro sarudzo kwakaitika muna 1922, Ettli Klement akava nhengo dzeimba Commons. MP aiva mutsigiri Macdonald. Iye aishanda somunyori yeparamende naye. Makore maviri gare gare, akapinda Kuronga hurumende sezvo weGurukota War.

Attlee haana wevaya vaitsigira mukuru amurove, kwakaitika muna 1926. Haana kubvuma kuti kushandisa ranwa itsika. Muna 1927, ramangwana wehurumende aishanda Commission, riri kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu India vaine maonero ane zvichibvira hurumende munyika.

Makore matatu gare gare, akadzokera hurumende mitemo. The MP vakagadzwa chanzera (Lancaster). Panguva ino, Clement mwoyo Macdonald mabasa. Pashure kukundikana musarudzo, akanga pakati vashoma vakasara Paramende kubva Labor Party. Attlee akava Mutevedzeri George Lansbury - mutungamiri wavo.

Panguva ino arwara mukadzi mutevedzeri, saka paiva mubvunzo sei kutiza zvematongerwo enyika. Attlee kuchengeta uye kuvandudza nzvimbo yaro zvemari, kune dzimwe muhoro akanzi kwaari.

mutungamiri pati

Kunyange mumakore 1933-1934 Ettli Klement kwenguva yakati vakashumira sezvo musoro Labor Party apo Lansbury akanga apora kubva zvinokuvadza. Akava mutungamiri dzakazara muna 1935. A mumhanyi achisimudzira kusvikira 1955 ndipo.

Kokutanga, reLabour mutungamiri haana kuona kukomba ari kutyisidzira kubva hwehasha Germany. Iye aipikisa mari iri upgrading nyika. Pakazosvika 1937, nzvimbo iri nyaya iyi panguva Labor Party hwachinja. Vakatanga kurwisa mutemo waitsigira ne Prime Minister Chamberlain iri chokuyananisira.

Muna 1940, akava nhengo wemasangano hurumende Churchill. Makore maviri gare gare Attlee akanzwisisa pambiru Mutevedzeri wehurumende. Churchill vakatsigira mitemo panyaya United Kingdom akaramba kudzivisa pasinei capitulation kweFrance.

Labor mutungamiri akatsvaka kuchengetedza wemasangano kusvikira Japan mapfumo uye hondo hakumusvitsi. Asi vazhinji ake vebato nhengo navo vakatanga vanoda sarudzo. Churchill, uyewo aiva nechokwadi kwake kukurumbira pakati pavanhu, saka akadana sarudzo kuti muzhizha ra1945.

Vaiomerera vaitarisira kutsigira vanhu gurukota vaanonyanya. Nepo Labor vakatakura kunze pre-sarudzo chirongwa umo hurumende akavimbisa kuti pave mugovanisi muvanhu. The sarudzo rakaitirwa 07/05/1945 gore. Attlee pati kokutanga munhoroondo, kubudirira nemhedziso ruzhinji. Vakakwanisa kutora Mumba Commons 393 zvigaro. Nemhaka iyi shamisa kukunda wezvematongerwe enyika akatsiva Churchill akatora pambiru wehurumende.

kumusoro

Premiership Attlee kwakaitika munguva yakaoma kupora, uyewo pakutanga rainzi Cold War. Chii nzvimbo akatora Klement Ettli? The vatorwa wokuti Great Britain mumakore aya kwave akaisa pfungwa US.

The chikuru nezviito mamiriro munyika munhandare:

• Implementation of "Marshall Plan";
• pakusikwa NATO;
• dzokuzvibata hondo Malaya;
• chikamu anoita kupokana pakati maIndia uye Pakistanis, maArab vokuIsrael;
• Vanotinzwirawo rusununguko kuna India.

Mudzimba mutemo, wehurumende akatsvaka kuvandudza mararamiro rwekuita mukirasi. Kuti aite izvi, nyika mubasa evanhu zvinhu, vanhu vakapiwa mabasa. State of nationalized maindasitiri, dzakadai Bank of England, yakazova, vamwe maindasitiri, avhiyesheni.

Klement Ettli, zvipfuwo uye vatorwa mutemo yakanga ichikurukurwa, yaiva yokutanga wehurumende Labor Party, akaita mufambiro wake basa zvizere nguva.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Pashure sarudzo muna 1951 reLabour Party aifanira kurega pambiru yake Churchill. Muna 1955, mutemo akapiwa nhaka peerage.

Akafa Klement Ettli, vane mitemo yakanga zvainanga kuvandudza magariro kuchengetedzwa rwekuita mukirasi, 10.8.1967, muLondon.