England The History of Afghanistan

Kuchinja kwakaita capitalism kwayo imperialist Danho kwakaratidzwa itsva kuedza England nokuzvisimbisa pacharo muna Afghanistan. Zvaakanga varamba zvakataurwa Russia muna 1873 kuti funga Afghanistan ane "kwazvakarerekera mapazi" pakati zvinhu Russian muCentral Asia uye British India uye kuita sezvo guarantors ari rusununguko Afghanistan, wokudzora British akatanga zvakare kugadzirira hondo. Muna 1878 vakatanga mutsva nechisimba yeBritain iri Afghanistan. Achitora rinokosha nharaunda yayo, England muna May 1879 vakagumisa pamwe ishe Yakub waakaita Chibvumirano gandamak kuti akaita chinhu Kupopota nehasha munyika. Vanhu Afghanistan kamwe zvakare akasimuka yerusununguko. In yakakurumbira hondo Maiwand (27 July 1879) uye haizopereri blockade kuBritain mauto Kandahar, muhondo kuti Kabul uye Ghazni, Britain akatambudzika inorema nezvinhu muna 1880 vakamanikidzwa kusiya misha yavo mauto avo. In ezvinhu aya, Britain colonialists akatadza zvakazara kubudirira kuziva kubva Afghanistan Nyaya zvose chibvumirano ose gandamak. Mudzimba mutemo, vatongi Afghan kuramba rusununguko, asi chete kuburikidza Viceroy of British India vaifanira kutora nzvimbo muna Afghanistan dzimwe ukama.

Hondo kwakaitwa vanhu England Afghanistan vane mari kukuru kwevanhu uye zvinhu nezvinhu, kuchera inobereka mauto enyika, akaita zvakakomba kukuvara zvokurima, rwokugadzira, zvipfuwo zvokutengeserana, zvaikanganisa socio-zveupfumi uye tsika kukura munyika yose.

Mumakore maviri emakore ari XIX remakore. Afghanistan vakatapwa kubva kwegadziriro zviyero kuti akanga chinangwa pave nheyo munhu centralized mamiriro pamusoro absolutist mhando. Anokanda panguva muedzo nechepakati simba uye kuzviisa pasi rinopandukira ishe Abdur Rahman Khan (1880-1901) iri kwazara Resettlement pamusoro veAfghan rwokumusoro oasis munzvimbo Bal Ha, Mazar-i-Sharif, Baghlan, Kunduz, Hazarajat, Haza-Reitz, aimaq vanhu, Turkmens, Uzbeks - kumaodzanyemba nharaunda; Accommodation kwave Nurystan kuziva. Vagari vakagamuchira nyika - pachena kana zvakanaka mashoko. Somugumisiro akatama izvi inotsiviwa hurumende dzematunhu centralized administrative midziyo inotungamirirwa ari ishe aizogadza enyika, izvo zvaibva akasika hondo dzose, mapurisa uye gendarmerie. Ishe akanga azivikanwa musoro vechiMuslim vose renyika uye mapfumo mambo, kunyange zvazvo ari chaizvoizvo kuzvidza zvinoitwa vakakwirira uye nzvimbo marudzi Afghan, haana kukwanisa. Vazhinji vavo kuramba vabatsirwe zvakakwana kana zvishoma vasingachafaniri mutero. rutsigiro Social nezviremera zvenyika ishe vaiva muchiuto uye hurumende muboka revatungamiriri uye feudal madzishe, uyo, ane nyika sezvo chaiyo uye asina vemauto anopamba, vaida centralized simba akasimba uye hondo dzose. Ivo vakatoita Afghan uye vasiri Afghan vemo kubhadhara mutero-, vakawanda vanobhadharwa, inounganidzwa kunyanya mhando, mitero uye yesosaiti.