Centralized mamiriro

Centralized Hurumende - ndiwo mamiriro umo kudzora mamiriro kunobva panheyo kuzviisa pasi zvose zviremera zvomunzvimbo imwe nechepakati, kudzora nyika yose uye ekufambisa nayo.

In ichi hurumende nyika (nharaunda, administrative mahofisi, etc.) vari revatema mune zvematongerwe enyika uye zvoupfumi kubudikidza pamusika vasina vakawanda mutemo vari musimboti hurumende simba. Makavigwa danho ndichibvunza nyika nenzvimbo kuisa risingagumi chimiro absolutism umambo (autocracy).

MuRussia, ari centralized mamiriro akasikwa mukupera rechi15 remakore pasi Ivan III. guta rayo guru raiva Moscow. Kuvakwa centralization pakati pezvakaitwa chakaitika panguva yokutanga Romanovs, kuvakwa pakutanga rechi18 kutaura absolutism pasi Peter I.

Izvi sangano enyika-miganhu pamusoro mamiriro inobva weboka nenharaunda dzaro enyika, maruwa, nzvimbo dzine nekaupenyu yakaganhurirwa kuzvionera. Hurumende ine mutemo chete, zvakajairika nekodzero, ezvinhu wehurumende simba uye kutarisira matare uye mutero gadziriro, bhajeti , etc.

Centralized mamiriro chiripo munyika dzinoverengeka chinangwa zvinhu. The wokutanga yemubatanidzwa ari chinodiwa kuti paumbwe mufananidzo kwakadaro munyika nenzvimbo uye vanhu vaigara pavo. Hurumende Saka zvinoratidza zvinodiwa rudzi sesangano enyika pane munhu romunharaunda, mumagariro kana madzinza. Nokuda simba musimboti zvichiitika evanhu cohesion, izvo zvakanga zvisingaiti apfuura nokuda kukwikwidzana kuti nhengo kwamachinda, vakanga vachirwira simba.

Govera zvinotevera zvinokosha zviri munhu centralized mamiriro.

Centralizing ndechokuti tinofanira kumisa yunifomu miviri ehurumende simba. Kubatanidza mitemo rwevanhu uye kupa vagari pamwe rakabatana paruzhinji mabasa anokwanisa chete nehurumende. Kuvapo urimo vanhu mukana wakasununguka vaitamira kubva munzvimbo imwe.

Chimwe chinhu chinokosha kushandisa ichi mhando wehurumende ndiwo evanhu kuenzana vose vayo. Munguva wacho peripheral decentralism administrative uye zvematongerwo enyika zviri kwakavakirwa chete oga simba raro. Kuti agadzirise kusaruramisira kunoda musimboti hurumende, iyo ine masimba hwakafara kupfuura kumatunhu kuti vane nechepazasi kwoupfumi kwaniso uye izvo zvinokonzerwa ichi zvikuru chakasimba nezvinetso zvamagariro uye zvinodiwa.

centralization pamusoro pezvakaitwa rwakavapo kufanana upfumi nokusimbaradza ehurumende. A chete kuzvidzora centre anokwanisa kupa mudanga zvoupfumi kukura uye zvisikwa kwezvivako (yokukurukurirana hurongwa).

Vagari vakawanda inoti nemamiriyoni evanhu. Naizvozvo zvino kuzvidzora varege kubudirira sezvinobvira munguva Makuriro nhoroondo yavo mangwanani. Zvikonzero nenhema iyi nezvengozi bureaucratic nenyonganyonga. Saka zvino dzinotsanagura centralization iri kutya munyika dzakawanda vari kutanga kuderedza racho - vakananga decentralization.

The centralized wehurumende kunoratidzwa nokushayikwa vomunharaunda kuzvionera rakakwana, nokuti mabasa hurumende dzematunhu anoitwa akasarudzwa pamusoro vakuru (bureaucrats). Naizvozvo, panguva chinzvimbo ichi zvakajeka kurondwa chiremera enyika ehupfumi. The soro mwero centralism kwakacherechedzwa munyika kunodiwa wehunyambiri hurongwa chidhiraivho. Nhasi, mune yayo yakaisvonaka muchimiro chete mumamiriro ezvinhu neChikomonisiti muchiuto kwakadaro kunogona kuonekwa hurongwa.