Embolism chii? Embolism: Species

Kune zvakawanda zvirongwa izvo zvine ngozi kumunhu wemuviri. Chimwe chazvo chinonzi embolism. Izvi hazvigoni kungokuvadza hupenyu hwese, asiwo zvinotungamirira kurufu. Inonyanya kuipa ndeye thromboembolism yemapurmonary arteri (PE), pamwe nekuvhara kwemidziyo yemwoyo neuropi. Zvose izvi zvinotungamirira kukuremara kwakanyanya uye zvinokonzera kufa kwevarwere. Embolism ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kwazvo kuongorora, ndicho chikonzero vanachiremba kazhinji havaoni izvi. Migumisiro yaanotungamirira, mumatambudziko akawanda anouya pakarepo, nekuda kwechimwe rubatsiro rwekutanga hausi nguva dzose inogona kugovera. Zvinokonzera embolism zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana, kazhinji zvirwere zvehutano hwepfungwa uye yehutachiona, kuneta. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekukuvara.

Embolism - zvinorevei?

Izvi zvinoreva kuti kugadziriswa kwechiedza chemudziyo nezvimwe zvinhu, zvinotakurwa pamusoro pemuviri neropa. Mukushandura kubva mumutauro wechiGiriki, "embolism" "kupinda" kana "kuisa". Iko kusvibiswa kwemudziyo kunomuka pasinei nokuti zvinhu zvipi zviri mu lumen yayo. Embolus inogona kushanda senhengo dze thrombus, mhepo, madonhwe emafuta uye kunyange amniotic fluid. Zvose izvi zvinopesana nehutano hwemazuva ose, zvichikonzera kushayikwa kweropaji kupinda mumasumbu emuviri - hypoxia. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune ischemia yenhengo ipi zvayo. Chinhu chakanyanya kukuvadza ndiko kubatana kwetari, kupa mapapu neropa, uropi kana moyo. Mukuwedzera, zvinhu zvekunze zvinogona kupinda mumidziyo ye lymphatic, kuvhiringidza kubuda uye kutungamirira kune zvirwere. Migumisiro yehutano huno hunoenderana nehutano hwetari kana mutezo, uyewo nehukuru hweiyo yakagadzirwa. Mishonga ndeyezviitiko apo iyo inoparadza zvikamu zviduku kana kuti lumen yemudziyo haisati yavharwa zvachose.

Zvinokonzera embolism

Zvichienderana nei zvinhu zvinotakurwa neropa rekuyerera, mhando dzakasiyana dzemuviri dzakaparadzana. Mumwe nomumwe wavo, zvakare, ane imwe nzira yekusimudzira uye etiology. Chimwe chinowanzozivikanwa ndeye thromboembolism, iyo inowedzera kune vanhu vanotambura nemoyo usingakundiki, avo vane myocardial infarction kana cerebral hemorrhage (stroke). Zvizhinji zvezviyo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganiswa nevarwere vane varicose mitsetse yemakona ekupedzisira, hemorrhoids, atherosclerosis.

Chimwe chinowanzozivikanwa chechirwere chemaitiro gesi embolism. Chikonzero chekuonekwa kwacho ndechekushandura kwakasimba mukumanikidza. Izvo zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvinotungamirira kuumbolism zvinosanganisira matambudziko anoita kuti mweya upinde muumambo wemidziyo, zvidimbu zvemuviri mumiviri, madonhwe emafuta, uye mapfupa emapfupa. Kazhinji, pane zviitiko apo chinhu ichocho, chinotungamirira pakupenya kwechiedza chemudziyo, kuva microbial particles, parasites, pamwe chete nemasero echirwere chinoputika.

Chii chinonzi amniotic fluid embolism?

Izvi zvirwere hazviwanzoitiki mumitambo yakashata. Ambolia ane amniotic fluid inoreva mamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi uye anowanzotungamirira kurufu. Zvinokonzera zviitiko zvaro zvinogona kuva: mharidzo kana musimba wepentecenta, kukura kwakashata kwemakumbo emucheche. Zvinokonzera njodzi zvinosanganisira polyhydramnios uye nzira yakareba yakakura. Uyewo, kubatana kunogona kuitika munguva yekudzivirira. Iyo nzira yekusimudzirwa kwayo ndiyo kupindira kweamniotic fluid muropa raamai. Mushure meizvozvo, zvikamu zveamniotic mvura (meconium, girasi yakasviba) inowira muatrium yakarurama, uye inopinda mumapirmoni arteri. Somugumisiro, kubatana nemamniotic fluid inokura nenzira imwechete se PE. Misiyano ndeyokuti kuvharwa kwemudziyo hakubviswe trombus, asi zvikamu zvemeconium kana madonhwe emafuta.

Mechanism of development of gas embolism

Gasi embolism - ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero chekuputsa ropa kunoyerera pamubhedha wemavhesi. Ichi chiitiko chikamu chinokosha chehosha ye caisson, iyo inobata vanhu vanopedza nguva vari kumusoro kana pasi pemvura. Kuwedzera kwekumanikidza kunokurudzira kuchinja kwegesi yeropa, kunyanya, kuunganidza yakawanda ye nitrogen. Kubatana kwemidziyo kunoonekwa kana munhu wacho achidzoka pakarepo. Somugumisiro, iyo yakawanda ye nitrojeni inopinda muropa rega rose uye inopararira mumuviri wose. Kazhinji, iyo gasi inofanira kubudiswa zvishoma, asi izvi zvinowanzoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, izvi zvinofanira kutakurwa mupfungwa paunokwira kumusoro uye uchidzika pasi pasi pemvura.

Vascular thromboembolism: zvinokonzera

Chikonzero chinowanzovhiringidzika chekumbolism ndecheprombosis yemidziyo. Dzinoratidzika nekuda kwekuguma kwekusagadzikana uye kubatana kweropa. Vakawanda varwere vane thrombosis vane varicose veins, chirwere chemwoyo. Kubudirira kworudzi urwu rwekumbomira kunowanzobatanidzwa nekurwadziwa kwemoyo nekurohwa, sezvakadai kune vanorwara ropa kuwedzerwa kunoitika nekuda kwerheological disorders. Iyo inogadzirisa chironda ichi inosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwemafuro ehutachi kubva mumadziro emadziro. Vanoita basa rekubatanidzwa. Chikamu chakakanganiswa chetrombus chinopinda muropa, nekuvhara lumen uye kuchikonzera hypoxia.

Clinical picture in the development of embolism

Mamiriro omurwere ane chigunun'una anobva pane mudziyo umo kusvibiswa kwakaitika. Kana iri mishonga yakakura kana mitsemara, ipapo kufungidzira kunowanzosagadzikana. Dambudziko rinonyanya kukanganisa kwemidziyo yemwoyo, mapapu, uropi, mutsipa. Kubolism inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwekupa ropa chero ipi zvayo, izvi zvinotarisa zviratidzo. Apo midziyo yemakumbo inokanganisa, kupera kwavo uye kubwinya kunotanga kuitika, uye chirwere chinogona kukura. Nekumbomira kwemaritiro emwoyo kana uropi, kurwisa kwemwoyo kana kurohwa kunoitika, izvo zvinoratidzwa nekurwadziwa kukuru uye kuputsa kwekuziva. Nekuvandudzwa kwe PE, kukohwa, kurwadza kwakakomba uye kuputika, izvo zvinowanzotungamirira kurufu, kukura.

Mazano ekurapa embolism

Chero kusungurudzika kune chiitiko chinoda kurapwa nokukurumidza. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuswedera kune rumwe rudzi rwemhando yehutano hwechirwere ndeyechete. Mishonga inofanirwa kuve yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kubatana kupinda mumidziyo mikuru. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mishonga uye mitsetse yakasungwa, sechikonzero chekuti ropa rinopinda munzvimbo yakakanganiswa rinomira kwenguva pfupi. Mukuwedzera, kubviswa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza kunoitwa. Thrombosis uye embolism, kuenderera mberi nehupenyu hwavo, zvinoda kurapwa kwemishonga. Nechinangwa ichi, zvinodhaka zvinokurudzira ropa kudonha (zvinoreva "Heparin") uye fibrinolytics (mushonga "Urokinase") anoshandiswa. Kuti kudzivirira kwekumbomira varwere vane hutano hwepfungwa vanofanira kushandisa antiplatelet agents (chirwere "Aspirin"), sezvo vachidzivirira kuumbwa kweropa.