Electric munda mitsetse. ziviso

Kusiyanisa scalar uye Vector munda (mu iyi ichava yemagetsi munda vector). Nokudaro, vari modeled scalar kana Vector mashandiro ari Coordonatele uye nguva.

Scalar munda rinotsanangura mashandiro ari fomu φ. Minda yakadaro inogona nemaziso kuratidzwa kushandisa chete pamwero hukawanika: φ (x, y, z) = c, C = const.

Tinotsanangura Vector, iro rinotungamirirwa kurutivi kunonyanyisa nerevane φ kukura.

The Mhedziso Kukosha Vector ichi anosarudza mwero kuchinja ane basa φ.

Zviri pachena scalar munda zvinowanisa munhu vector munda.

Izvi munda yemagetsi inonzi dzingangoitika, uye mashandiro φ inonzi dzingangoitika. chete nenhanho pamusoro inonzi equipotential hukawanika. Somuenzaniso, funga wemagetsi munda.

Nokuti kuratidza minda kutarisana kuvaka inonzi emagetsi munda mitsetse. Asi dzinonzi vector mitsetse. Izvi mutsetse tangent kusvika izvo zvinoratidza kutungamirirwa yemagetsi munda. Kuwanda mitsetse vanopfuura kuburikidza chikwata nzvimbo iri Proportional paMhedziso kukosha vector.

We kwekuzivisa pfungwa imwe Vector differential pamwe mutsetse l. Vector ichi chinotungamirwa achitevedza tangent kuti mutsetse L uye Mhedziso mutengo akaenzana differential KE.

Ngatitii akapiwa imwe yemagetsi munda, izvo zvakafanira kufungidzira sei musango mitsetse. Nemamwe mashoko, tinoramba kuona coefficient kuwedzera (marwadzo), k Vector kuti uwirirane differential. Equating ari differential zvinoriumba uye Vector, tinowana kwegadziriro equations. Mushure kusangana, unogona kuvaka imwe mukana wokuti vanhu vanga simba mitsetse.

The Vector kuongorora kushanda kuti anopa mashoko pamusoro mitsetse rehondo yemagetsi munda kuitika pane chimwe chiitiko. We kwekuzivisa pfungwa "nekubudisa Vector" panyika S. The pamutemo tsanangudzo kuerera F riri sezvinotevera: ukoshi anoonekwa sezvo zvinobikwa kwakajairika differential DS kuti chikwata chakaipa Vector pemvura s. Orth anosarudzwa kuti rinotsanangura chinhu kunze penyika dzose.

Fananidzo pakati kuerera munda pfungwa uye tichiwana nyaya: a fuma chete chairema nguva ichipfuura pemvura iri uyewo perpendicular kune aibuda munda. Kana achikurukurirana simba pamusoro electrostatic munda dziri kunze pachiso S, ipapo kuerera iri zvakanaka, uye kana kurerutsa - kunaka. Kazhinji, rukova anogona kufungidzira uwandu munda mitsetse kuti vape- pemvura. Ukuwo, zviri zvinoyerera Proportional nokuwanda mitsetse simba kuti zvinopfuura pamusoro maatomu akafanana.

The siyana pamusoro Vector basa rinowanikwa pana pfungwa riri chakasungwa vhoriyamu ΔV. S - pamusoro rinofukidza vhoriyamu ΔV. Operation siyana pfungwa iri muchadenga anobvumira kuti munguva yokuvapo mairi anopa munda. Panguva compression pamusoro S panguva nguva P yemagetsi munda mitsetse chichipinda pamusoro, kuramba ari zvakaenzana. Kana nzvimbo haisi pfungwa tsime musango (leakage kana zvaimutambisira), ipapo compressive pamusoro panguva ino uwandu simba mitsetse, kutanga pane imwe nguva akaenzana razero (nhamba mitsara mukati pemvura S akaenzana nokuwanda mitsetse zvinobva panyika ino).

The chinokosha up loop L kuziva kushanda rotor anonzi riparadzirwe magetsi achitevedza gandiwa pamusoro rotor L. Operation ndozvavava munda pfungwa iri muchadenga. Vatungamirire rotor kunotema kwakakura namahwindo kuyerera munda akapoteredza munhu akapiwa pfungwa (rotor munda ndozvavava vortex) yayo kutungamirirwa. Zvichienderana vakatsunga rotor, kubudikidza nyore transformations zvinogona dzaona magetsi fungidziro Vector mune Cartesian batanidza maitiro, uye yemagetsi munda mitsetse.