Dzhordzh Marshall: Biography uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall Rine mamiririta. - kuti chinouya mupfungwa kana muchinzwa kuti zita? Ndiani anooneka pamberi penyu; munhu utsinye muchiuto, vakarwisa kuzvidzivirira vanhu mabhomba kubhomba, kana ngoni kumupi dzeEurope, akagamuchira nokuda basa wake Nobel Prize?

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti upenyu uye basa Marshall rizere zvakavanzika uye kuzvipokanidza. Ngatitarisei navo ndokunzwisisa kuti ndiani, sei akararama uye chii akava nomukurumbira.

udiki

Future General Dzhordzh Marshall akaberekwa shure muna 1880 mune rimwe American taundi duku Uniontown, riri pamusoro nharaunda yacho Commonwealth kuPennsylvania.

Mhuri yaigara pamwero mukuru, nokubudirira norukudzo. Baba vakatengesa nehuni, mai nevana vatatu.

Little Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall pasina zvakasiyana nevezera ravo. Akanga ndakafuta zvishoma uye simbe kudzidza kubatwa zvechipameso. Panguva iyoyowo chakakura akanyatsofungwa hunhu akamira, aiva zvishoma vanozvikudza uye pachivande.

youth

Vabereki akagadzirira mwanakomana wake kuti ave mutsivi wake, aida kumuona pakuverenga muzvinabhizimisi aibudirira. Zvisinei, jaya aisada kuenda kuvashambadzi akasarudza mumwe basa - basa rechiuto.

Chokwadi, baba vangu vaiva pamusoro payo. Asi sei kurega mukomana uyu kwakasara chinangwa, muchivande kurota kukunda nyika?!

Ndava nemakore gumi, Dzhordzh Marshall akapinda Military Institute of Virginia, izvo Akakwezva ake isingawanzowanikwi kutsungirira nokudzikama.

Makore Mana kurovedza wakapera uye chinyararire, uye ikozvino rinotanga Biography George Marshall dapple vokutanga kukunda zvechiuto.

Tanga basa

Mukomana refutenendi wechipiri chinozadzwa akatakurirwa kuchiuto aparadzirwe ari inifanduri uye ari kushumira ari kuPhilippines. Pashure gumi mwedzi ebasa akasarudza kurera unyanzvi zvechiuto uye akapiwa chinzvimbo mukuru.

Pazera pakati Dzhordzh Marshall matatu namanomwe anoenda mberi. The War World First akanga chipatapata, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany scored kwakajeka kukunda, kuti ruzivo anotyisa kukundwa. Europe iri yakazoona yanyura mumadhaka ropa, kutya uye umhondi.

Cool uye unflappable, Marshall muDare nomudonzvo-mukuru, signalman, vachinyatsoongorora mukuzadzikisa mabasa avo zvakananga uye zvepachokwadi kushamiswa sei havaratidzi vakagadzirira vomunyika yake, uye sei wokumwe uye uncoordinated nezviito sungano mauto.

Aiziva kuti isu hatigoni, aiziva angadai akaita sei. Asi iye haana kukwanisa kutora kuchinja chinhu.

Mirai kubva chikwata chiri chinzvimbo mukuru haana, asi aiva mukana - vanorwara mukuru mukuru aitungamirira rinokosha uto kuvhiyiwa. Marshall noushingi uye noushingi akatora murayiro.

Akakurumidza yakatanga chirongwa hondo, deftly vachishandisa zvose zvinhu: simba kwevanhu, mepu uye nemamwe magwaro.

Mukushanda, rinotungamirirwa Mashallah ibudirire. Content-utariri akatumirwa vakashinga uye akachenjera mukuru chinzvimbo konoro.

Pashure paizvozvo, kwaiva nedzimwe yakajeka, sowakajeka vakaronga kurwa, nokuti iyo George Catlett akapikira kupa Kazhinji, asi hondo yakapera, uye vimbiso iyi hwaderera kwakarova.

Pashure pehondo, kunyange zvakanga akadonhedzwa chinzvimbo (izvo unoenderana hurongwa rugare nguva), asi hazvina hazvivaodzi ari kushingaira ane ruzivo muchiuto.

pashure pehondo,

Kubvira muna 1919 Dzhordzh Marshall akagamuchira kugadzwa honorary pasi General Pershing, uye ipapo kwemakore matatu akashanda China, uye ipapo mubasa pakudzidzisa mabasa muna Infantry School of State of Georgia. basa iri siyana vakauya nemauto akashinga chete nyasha akawana vanoitisana simba, akadzidza mutauro Chinese, vaudzewo pachake pakati navo vairemekedza iye somunhu akatendeseka uye nyanzvi murume.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Marshall aiva mumwe vashoma anyevera United States yehutungamiri kuti hondo American hakusi vakagadzirira hondo. Iye waitsigira nokusimbaradza mauto uye midziyo pamwe midziyo itsva.

Zvinofadza kuti mabasa echiuto hazvivhiringidzi George Catlett nokushingaira wokuita paruzhinji zvenyika. Somuenzaniso, nepakati 1930s, akava chinzvimbo purogiramu youth basa (sechikamu Roosevelt wokuti).

Hondo Yenyika II

Zvakaitika 1939-1945 vaiva rinokosha anokosha Biography George Marshall.

A gore isati yatanga ruvengo, akatamira Washington, apo akagadzwa nezvenzvimbo Assistant Mukuru Military Planning (General Staff). Pakarepo pashure pehondo akanzi mutungamiriri vakadzikama akanga paakavapa pachinzvimbo chevatatu General uye vakachengeteswa General Staff of Army.

Paaive ake basa post, achangobva General waitsigira vanosarudza rechiuto uye kugadzwa National Guard, akakwanisa kurongazve Ushumiri Hondo uye nguva dzose tichiita achisimbisa muchiuto. With ruzivo rwakakwana, akaramba anyevera hurumende nezvengozi kurwisa Japanese.

Kuronga mabasa akawanda muchiuto kwakaguma zvinobudirira nokuti US nemauto, Marshall kamwe zvakare kuvhomora pfungwa President. Anova chipangamazano Roosevelt pamusoro mufambiro ruvengo, aine Musoro State munguva siyana congresses uye Misangano, uyewo aipiwa kusikwa maatomu bhomba.

Chii dzakakwirira yakasvika Dzhordzh Ketlett mubasa? mumwe nechemberi wechipiri yakavhurwa, zvinhu zvombo uye zvokudya Soviet Union, hondo yakapera pamwe Italy uye tikamira mauto Normandy nokuda basa yeNazi Germany.

Kazhinji, kubudikidza mukuru mudonzvo akabvunza kuti akagara mumimvuri uye havana kutaura vanonzi basa mamwe mabasa echiuto.

Rima patepi muchiuto Biography

General Lee kushandiswa mabhomba zvombo kuzorwa paHiroshima neNagasaki akazviita? Maererano nouchapupu mamwe manyuko, Marshall pachake vakayambira purezidhendi kushandisa zvikuru matanho. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe ruzivo, maererano iyo Dzhordzh Ketlett akafunga kuti maatomu kubhomba musina kudiwa, uye akazvidemba kuti panguva oparesheni, achiuraya vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda.

Gare gare, nezvekufarirwa chiitiko, vokuAmerica vakawanda akati kuti zvombo zvenyukireya dzinoda kushandiswa kuti agumise hondo, asi panguva iyoyo akabvuma kuti mutengo kukunda yakanga yakawandisa.

Chero zvakanga, mushure Kuregwa weJapanese Marshall vapedza yemauto basa uye akabatanidza nedzenyu basa.

ari yepashure pehondo

Wokutanga basa raiva kumisa munhu asingatyi vakawanda ezvinhu China, kudzivirira nyika kubva yehondo. Zvisinei, zvakanaka basa kwakakundikana, uye Dzhordzh Ketlett akadzokera kumba.

Ipapo President Truman akapa kwaari munyori wehurumende, izvo kunobatanidza rakakura. The itsva dambudziko iri vakwegura Marshall hwakavandudzika wokumwe mutemo, ndiko kuti, kudzorerwa dzakawanda ukama.

Enterprising America vakaita mabasa avo, sezvo nguva dzose, kwazvo uye nokushingaira.

Marshall urongwa

Mumakore iwayo, Europe yakanga ungwandangwanda. Akaparadza Zvivako maindasitiri, kuziya vanhu, rinoparadzwa upfumi uye anotyisa mitengo. Zvose izvi pamusoro colour ari anotyisa ropa ndangariro mwoyo uye vachachema zvavo.

Uye saka vakachenjera nevakangwara Dzhordzh Ketlett inopa chirongwa kugadzirisa mamiriro dzakawanda.

Chii chaiva plan George C. Marshall? Kwemakore mana, America akasununguka uchatamisa simba kune gumi inoti izvo chibvumirano chakanga yakasainwa, mabhiriyoni gumi emadhora, iyo iri chete vaifanira kushandisa kudzorera zvebhizimisi (kana nokuumbwa vatsva), uyewo kuti kusika mabasa.

Countries kuti vakagamuchira rubatsiro pasi Marshall purogiramu: England, France, West Germany, Holland, Austria, Belgium nevamwe. Gare gare muna pamazita yaisanganisira Japan nedzimwe East Asian nyika.

USSR uye Finland akaramba rubatsiro.

Mumwe ezvinhu "Marshall Plan" chaiva zvinoda kubviswa hurumende yeutongi vemapato.

States rubatsiro maererano nechirongwa ichi, pashure makore makumi maviri, akwanisa kutora nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera pakati vaitungamirira nyika zvenyika.

Hazvishamisi, kuti pakusikwa kwayo Plan Marshall akagamuchira Nobel Prize. Kuwedzera Nobel Prize, Dzhordzh Marshall akaona dzimwe honorary okuremekedza, paakavapa dzakawanda mibayiro uye Medals. zita rake anopiwa kuzvikoro uye nzira.

George Marshall Filmography

Mufananidzo mbiri Marshall kunooneka muchiuto mutambo Stivena Spilberga "Saving Private Ryan", apo American General anoratidzwa kuti vateereri nzira vaaishanda navo kuziva: asingatyi, akatendeseka, akangwara uye zvakanaka.

Dzhordzh Ketlett Marshall akafa pazera remakore makumi manomwe nemasere.