Dzhordzh Devol: upenyu hwokuzvipira zvigadzirwa uye maindasitiri zvidhori

George Charles Devol mudiki akanga 9 nemakore apo shoko "robhoti" kutanga akazviratidza 1921 basa Karela Chapeka RUR (Rossum Universal Zvemabhatiri). Marobhoti ari kutamba vaiva kunze akafanana nevanhu uye zvakasikwa zviri tangi, sezvo doro. Kusiyana Capek marobhoti, marobhoti uyo tega Devol emakore gare gare, vakanga electromechanical michina. Yokutanga digitaalinen programmable robhoti kuzvidzora, uyo akagadzira Devol, kumukira iri kugadzirwa kwacho, inoramba nhasi. Devol, aiva iwane muvambi uye entrepreneur. basa rake guru ndiko kusikwa wokutanga «Unimate» maindasitiri robhoti, waiva wokutanga munhevedzano michina kuti michina gungano mitsetse vava pose. Asi kusikwa wokutanga maindasitiri robhoti aiva mumwe mipiro ake chete. With zvinopfuura 40 patents mumaoko ake, Devol akapedza upenyu hwake tichichinja pfungwa kupinda chaiyo zvigadzirwa.

Devol aizvininipisa nguva dzose, unogamuchira, uye kufarira ramangwana. Aifarira kutaura ake zvigadzirwa, asi yakanga isiri okuzvikudza mutsara. Akasvika nokufarisa zvose mabikirwo akasika uye zvose kushandiswa pfungwa dzavo. Kuva pamberi pake, zvose akanzwa kuti nevanhukadzi mumwe wevaya pfungwa kuti vanouya chaizvo kashoma kushandura nyika sezvo muvambi Edison kana Tesla.

George akaberekerwa mumhuri yakapfuma kuLouisville, Kentucky. Dzhordzh Devol aifarira vachiri vaduku chete nemagetsi uye michina. Haana kuenda kukoreji ane injiniya kutsvetera, panzvimbo, iye akasika kambani yake.

Waiva ngaatore-kubva emagetsi Motors, emagetsi, yemagetsi hutachiwana, redhiyo michina. The mafirimu wekutanga inzwi, inozivikanwa se "talkies" vakanga vasiri hwakanakisisa uye Devol akati kuti kuitira kuvandudza ruzha aikwanisa kushandisa ruzivo rwake vacuum sepombi, photocells, uye chati. Gare gare, iye anoedza kuwana chinzvimbo firimu sezvo nyanzvi mune ruzha.

Makwikwi kwakaita kuti arege nzira kuvandudza kurira panzira kuvandudza zvimwe ruzivo. Kushandisa photocells uye Vacuum sepombi aiziva saka zvakanaka kuti iye pakupedzisira akasika mumwe mukuru zvisikwa zvenyika ano zvinoti: otomatiki masuo. Gare gare, akanga marezinesi mabikirwo photovoltaic musuo.

Devol akaramba kushanda ruvara kudhinda uye kavha michina, uye yakagadzirwa vachiri siyana bhaa-Coding, uye gare gare digital rinobva yakarekodwa. Ose yakagadzirwa itsva kunoita nayo pedyo semarobhoti.

Muna 1939, "Vestinhaus" panguva World Fair muna New York, anoisa wemagetsi robhoti. Chaiva chikuru budiriro, zvakanga chinhu kunze renyaya, iyo vakatonga newsstands.

MuHondo Yenyika II, akashanda Devol "Sperry Gyroscope", apo aiitawo kukura hurongwa uye radar midziyo, microwave yaiitisa nemiedzo. Gare gare, akanga akaronga kumuzinda "Electronics Industries" muna Greenwich, Connecticut, iyo ichava chimwe Vagadziri pakukura radar uye kontrradarnyh namano.

Pashure pehondo, akashanda ari zvinoverengeka zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Akanga chikamu chikwata kuti yakatanga chigadzirwa chokutanga, imwe microwave "chinokurumidza Uini" kuti vapiwa kubika imbwa inopisa.

Muna 1954, Devol nyaya kuti bvumidzwa kuti mudziyo unonzi "Programmable kukurukurirana mudziyo." Akanga kutsvaka shamwari kuti basa idzva, uye vakawana vari mubato, zvikazooneka Iosif Engelberger, makanika kubva Columbia University. Engelberger chete inovaka nekuchiva kuti renyaya Devol uye akatora pfungwa kuumba muchina mwoyo.

Nokuti Marketing zvinangwa Devol uye Engelberger akatendeuka kubva ayo utroystvo "chiite kuchinjwa mudziyo" mu "ruoko" uye zvadaro "robhoti".

Yokutanga maindasitiri robhoti «Unimate» (nyaya ano maindasitiri marobhoti uye hurongwa kusangana), nezvibereko zvomunda kambani itsva «Unimation Corp», akanga akashongedzerwa ane hydraulic nemotokari, kudzora maitiro, rinobva Drum ndangariro, uye discrete, chikukutu zvinoriumba zvakanaka. Muna 1961, yokutanga "iri Unimate" paakagadzwa panguva fekitari "Dzheniral Motors" muna Trenton, New Jersey, kubatsira motokari rinopisa Kudzingwa. «Unimation Corp» vakakurumidza dzakabudirira marobhoti kuti nomoto, uyewo mamwe marudzi semarobhoti. Patent №2988237 wokutanga robhoti waiva mbeu nokuda kwounyanzvi marobhoti nokuda indasitiri.

In wakatevera kukurukura Devol akati kuti hapana zvake zvigadzirwa hadzina kugamuchirwa saka nokukurumidza uye nyore nyore. Kutsungirira ake uye makore 99 oupenyu - vakaita imwe nyika.

George Devol haana August 11, 2011, akafa pazera remakore 99.