Diogenes. Bhiri reDiogenes senzira yekuwana hupenyu hwakanaka

Diogenes, murongo wamuunza mukurumbira, akararama makore anopfuura zviuru zviviri akapfuura. Akanga ane pfungwa yake yehupenyu, iyo yaakaona mukutsvaga uye kubvisa magungano uye nezvinhu.

Anoonekwa somumwe wevanyori vanojeka vechikoro cheCyicic. Hupenyu humwe chete, akasarudza kuvapo sembwa, iyo inofadza inoda nzvimbo yekurara uye yekudya. Sekugara, akasarudza mudziyo. Ichi chiito gare gare chakava nheyo yea aphorism yakakurumbira.

Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro pehupenyu hwomunhu anofunga? Dhiogenes akazorora here mumvura? Mashoko okuti "Barrel Diogenes" anorevei? Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa munyaya.

General information pamusoro paDiogenes Sinope

Zvose zivo inozivikanwa pamusoro pemudzidzisi akauya mazuva edu kubva munyaya dze munyori wekare, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechitatu, Diogenes Laertius. Nenguva ino, mushure mekufa kwaDiogenes Sinopsky , makore anopfuura mazana mashanu apfuura, saka zvinenge zvakaoma kutarisira kwechokwadi hwemashoko.

Diogenes akaberekwa, achigara mugomba, anenge 412 BC. E. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti akanga ari mwanakomana wemutengi wemari. Pane imwe nguva akabvunza chirevo pamusoro pezvaifanira kuita. Mhinduro yacho yaiva mutsara: "Kuongorora kwehutsika." Murume wacho akasarudza kuti aifanira kusangana nekugadziriswa kwemari yemari, asi akazoziva kuti kudana kwake kwaiva mufilosofi.

Mufungiro akatsigira Antisthenes muAtene. Pakutanga, akatovhomora tsvimbo paari, iyo Diogenes akaisa musoro wake ndokuti Antisthenes aisagona kuwana tsvimbo yakadaro inogona kumudzinga. Kubvira panguva iyoyo akazova mudzidzi weAntisthenes uye akatanga kutungamirira nzira yakanakisisa yehupenyu. Akaronga imba yake nenzira inofadza, iyo yakaita kuti kuve kwemavara ekuti Diogenes akanga avete mubhari. Yaiva pedyo neAthens agora - guta rakakona, iro raiva nzvimbo yehupenyu hwehupenyu uye hwemagariro evanhu panguva iyoyo.

Mumwe muzivi wechiGiriki wechiGiriki aiva mudzidzi weAntisthenes uye mumiririri akajeka we chikoro cheVaIkikiki. Chirevo chekudzidzisa ndechekuti vanhu vanofanira kurarama "sembwa" kuitira kuti vawane zvakanaka. Izvi zvaireva kurarama mukururama, kuzvidza magungano, kukwanisa kudzivirira nzira yakasarudzwa yehupenyu, kuva wechokwadi, ushingi uye kuonga.

Asceticism

Muzivi wechiratidzo chaive chibvumirano chekunyengera. Izvo zvakakosha zveyi nzira yehupenyu, aida maitiro emakonzo, avo vakanga vasingatyi chero chinhu, havana kutsvaga chero chinhu, vakagutsikana nediki. Mufungidziri akatsvaka kuti awane zvakakosha muupenyu hwake. Ndicho chikonzero nei Diogenes akarara mubhari. Panzvimbo yemubhedha, akashandisa jasi, asi pane zvinhu zvaaingova nemushandi uye bhegi.

Sezvo akweguru, akacherechedza kuti mukomana wacho akanwa sei mvura kubva kune zvishoma. Izvi zvakatsamwisa mupfungwa, uyo akakurumidza kukandira mukombe muhomwe yake. Panguva imwecheteyo, akati mukomana wacho aikwanisa kumupfuura nenzira yakajeka. Akakandawo ndiro yake paakaona kuti mumwe mukomana akakwanisa sei kudya muto we lentiki kubva muchikamu chechingwa chakadyiwa.

Aphorism ine chirongo

Icho chirevo chevamiririri vechikoro cheCyickika chakanga chisingafaniri kuvimba nepfuma, kuti vasunungurwe navo. Imba yacho yaivawo humwe hupfumi, naizvozvo Diogenes, iyo murongo waro wakamuita mukurumbira, akasarudza kubvisa zvinhu izvi zvakanyanya.

Muchirevo chepfungwa, izwi rinonyanya kuzivikanwa rinoreva kuzvisarudzira kuzvipira kubva kune dzimwe nyika. Diogenes, murongo waro wakava musha wake, akazvisunungura pachake yezvinhu zvakagamuchirwa zvakagadzirwa uye kusarura. Nenzira iyi akaita kuti hupenyu hwake huve nyore uye husununguko.

Kwakanga kune barrel here?

Diogenes, uyo ane chirongo chisingapi zororo zvakawanda kusvikira ikozvino, aigara mumapithos. Maererano nemigumisiro yezvokuchera matongo munharaunda yeGreece yekare yakange isina mabharani mukunzwisisa kwedu.

VaAtene vakashandisa panzvimbo huru (mukukura kwevanhu) midziyo yevhu. Mavari vakachengeta zviyo, waini, mafuta.

Yaiva mumhando yakadaro iyo muzivi aigona kurarama. Iyo mudziyo yakanga yakakwana kuti igare yakananga kuitira kuti itarame mairi, yakafukidzwa mune jasi. Nguva yose yenguva, munhu anofunga angaita kunze kwechikepe apo ari munzira. Nokuti hutsanana hunoda panguva iyoyo, dzose dzinoshandiswa mabhatiro ehurumende uye dzimba, saka kudiwa kweimba muDiogenes kunogona kunge kusipo.

Kamwechetevana vana vakaputsa pathos umo Diogenes aigara. Vagari veAtene vakapedzisira vamupa dzimba nenzira yevhu itsva yevhu. Saka mufungiro akararama kusvika Makedhoniya asarudza kutora Atene.

Nguva yekupedzisira yehupenyu

Diogenes akanga ari mubatanidzwa muHondo yeJerone, iyo yakaitika muna 338 BC. E. Pakati peMasedhonia neAtene neThebes. Masimba emapato acho aive akaenzana, asi mauto aFiripi II naAlexandro weMakedon akakunda hondo yeguta reGreece-states.

Mufungi, kufanana nevaAtene vazhinji, akabatwa nevaMacedonia. Akatengeswa kubva kumusika wevaranda kune imwe Xeniad. Muridzi wemuranda mutsva akamutengesa semurengeti wevana vake. Muzivi weAteneen akavadzidzisa kutasva, nhoroondo, chiGiriki nhetembo, nekukanda mapfumo.

Pane nyaya iyo paakange ane mukana wokutaura naAlexander weMakedon nechikumbiro, akangokumbira kuti arege kudzivirira zuva. Semumiriri wezvokwadi wechikoro cheChinics, haana kuda chinhu, uye mune izvi akaona rusununguko rwake kunyange kutorwa.

Rufu rwemuzivi

Muzivi akafa muna 323 BC. E. Zvinotendwa kuti rufu rwakasvika kwaari pazuva rimwechete saAlexander Mukuru. Asati afa, akakumbira tenzi wake kuti amuvige pasi. Pahwiro hwemufungidziri, chivakwa chemarble chakagadzirwa, icho chakaratidza imbwa. Pachivako pakanga pane chirevo chokuti Diogenes akakwanisa kudzidzisa vanhu kuti vagutsikane nezvavainazvo uye vakaratidza nzira iri nyore muupenyu.

Nhasi chiyeuchidzo chemunhu anozivikanwa chinochengetwa nezwi rinonyanya kuzivikanwa re "chirongo chaDiogenes".