Chirango chekufa muChina. Ndezvipi mhosva iyo mutongo wakadaro wakapiwa?

Chirango chekufa muChina ndicho chirango chikuru. Zvikamu zvega zvenyika ino umo chirango chakadai chisingawanikwi ndiHong Kong uye Macau, iyo iri mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo nekuda kwezvakaitika pakati pezana remakumi maviri nemakumi maviri, izvo zvakakonzera mutemo unonyatsozivikanwa we "nyika imwe, maitiro maviri".

Kubva muna 2011, Penal Code yePPRC (People's Republic of China) inopa chirango chekufa kwemhando dzinotevera dzezviito:

• Kupa kana kugoverwa kwemishonga;
• Chisimba chakaipa (kuponda, kubata chibharo);
• Bribery;
• Pimping;
• Counterfeit banknotes;
• Kukuvadza kuchengeteka kwenyika;
• Kugadzirwa uye kutengeswa kwemishonga inonyengedza;
• Kubva / kuchengetwa kwezvipuka kana zvombo;
• Sangano rekutiza kubva musungwa;
• Doroti inotyaira, iyo inokonzera rufu rwevanhu.

Mukuwedzera, nokuda kwesangano risina kutenderwa nekuitisa matenga emakuva ekure, kurangwa kwakanyanya kunogadziriswa - chirango chekufa.

China ndiyo nyika iyo kutongwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekuitiswa kana kuiswa kwejojo inouraya. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, nzira yechipiri yekuranga inoshandiswa kakawanda, sezvo inofungidzirwa kudukusa kune avo vanotongwa pachavo uye vari kutarisa nzira yacho.

Nhamba yemishodzo gore negore haina kuziviswa zviri pamutemo neChina. Chirango chorufu, maererano nedzimwe pfungwa dzenyika dzenyika dzekuMadokero (United States, Great Britain, nezvimwewo), gore negore rinoitwa kunze kwemaviri kusvika kune zviuru zvinotongwa.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti pamusangano wepamutemo, zviremera zveChinese zviri kuedza kuderedza nhamba yevanhu vanotongerwa rufu. Kunyanya, sarudzo yakadaro yakagamuchirwa paSitanth Plenum yeCCC Central Committee (Gumiguru 2006), iyo yakataura nezvekuti, nekuchengetedza chirango chekufa sechirango chikuru, zvakakosha kudzivisa kuita mhosho isina kukodzera, kugadzirisa nzira yekutsvaga mhosva dzinosanganisira utsinye hwakadaro Sentence.

Muna 2011, Xinhua News Agency yakarondedzera kuti chirango chekufa muChina chiri kuparadzwa maererano nevanokanganisa mhosva dzezvematongerwe enyika (izvi zvinosvibisa, vatengesi uye mabhizimisi vanoenda kumitero). Uyewo, vanhu vakwegura (makore anopfuura makumi manomwe), vechidiki uye vakadzi vane pamuviri vanosunungurwa kubva pakutyisidzirwa kwechirango chikuru (kunyange zvazvo ichochichipiri chinogona kuvamanikidza kuti vabvise pamuviri).

Nzira yekutonga "chirango chekufa" muChina yakanyatsojeka. Kusvikira muna 2006, mutongo wakadaro unogona kutumidzwa nedare revanhu pakarepo mushure mekutongwa kwekutanga . Zvisinei, kubva muna 2006, chiyero chikuru chekurangwa chinofanira kubvumidzwa neDare Rokumusoro revanhu reChina. Mushure mekutendwa, munhu ane mhosva ane kodzero yekuita chirongwa chakaviri. Panguva imwecheteyo, Mutemo weCriminal Code weChina unobvumira kunonoka kwemakore maviri pakuitwa kwechirevo, uye mushure mokunge kunonoka, zvinogona kuchinja mutongo kune musungwa (chirango chekufa chinogona kutorwa panzvimbo yehupenyu).

Mutongo wekufa wevanhu muChina unorambidzwa neMutemo weNzira Dzekutonga (kubva muna 1996, chikamu 4, chikamu 212), iyo inotaura kuti kuparadzwa kwekutongerwa rufu kunofanira kuziviswa, asi nzira yekuurayira haifaniri kuva pachena. Zvisinei, kutonga nekuti vhidhiyo nemifananidzo yezviurairo muPRC zviri kupararira munyika, kusanganisira kuburikidza neIndaneti, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti zviito zvakadaro zviito zvinoratidza kutaridzirwa kune vose vekuChina uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yose. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vakuru veChinese vanoziva kuti, kune rumwe rutivi, zviyero zvakadaro haisi iyo nzira chete yekurwisana nehutachiona, uye kune rumwe rutivi, kusimbisa mutemo uye simba remuchina wehurumende, vanova nzvimbo yakaoma munzvimbo yepasi rese yeCheestial state nedzimwe nyika , Kupomera mhosva yakadai yekuranga.