Chii zita kuti kombiyuta mudziyo ukama nevamwe?

Sei zano nokuda interconnection makombiyuta nedzimwe makombiyuta? Zvakanaka, kana nyaya iyi iri kugadzira mumusoro mangu, saka kuzviita zvakanaka, iwe kuverenga nyaya ino. Saka, nokuti kombiyuta zano interconnection nevamwe - kuti adapteri (nemamwe mazwi, nomumbure kadhi). Chii? Ungazviita sei? Ndezvipi mabasa nayo anoita? mibvunzo yose iyi vachawanikwa mhinduro munyaya ino.

Chii Adapter

Saka akadana peripheral kombiyuta mudziyo, iyo inoshanda zvakananga chete date hutachiwana svikiro. Nemhaka payo, zvakananga kana nokushandiswa nezvimwewo yokukurukurirana, pane ari network nevamwe makombiyuta.

Kombiyuta anogadziriswa matambudziko rakavimbika binary date Exchange, izvo dzaitaurwa chimiro runoenzanirana remagetsi anonongedzera. kutapukirwa kwavo rinoitwa vachishandisa kwokunze Links. Sezvo adhaputa ndiye controller kombiyuta, kunoshanda aidzorwa yakakodzera mutyairi wako uchishandisa hurongwa. Kuparadzana mitambo pakati pavo dzingasiyana, zvichienderana Implementation.

Kugadzirwa adapters

Saka, isu nechekare kuti mudziyo mumwe kombiyuta interconnection nevamwe - adapteri ichi. Zvino ngationgorore zvishoma sei unyanzvi akaita vakashanduka.

Wokutanga Lan adapters pamwe coaxial waya chidimbu, wakatorwa pamusoro yose siyana kukurukurirana michina. Nemhaka kwavari uye akarongeka kombiyuta kudyidzana. Zvadaro shandisa rakananga kusakarongeka pakati yemagetsi akasiyana makombiyuta.

Michina iyi ichiri kushandiswa, asi vakawanda ano mitemo uye anopa zvakawanda kuvapo dzinoverengeka chinokosha pakukurukurirana mano (semuenzaniso, zambuko, chinja, nomusimboti kana router). Ivo arongwe kubva chikamu mashandiro noruremekedzo iyerere kuzvidzora.

Makarasika dzidziso

Kazhinji Unogona kunzwa kana kuverenga kuti zano kuti interconnection nevamwe kombiyuta - the processor. Zivai kuti ichi hachisi chokwadi. Mudziyo nokuti interconnection kombiyuta imwe kune mumwe anonzi adapteri, kana nomumbure kadhi, asi kwete vamwe nzira! Vakabva kurasika, haisi kuzivikanwa, asi kana mumwe munhu akakanganisa, zvingava nani kuchigadzira.

Basa magadzirirwo Coding kuti mashoko

adhaputa basa iri ndechokuti mashoko kuti kuparadzirwa ari muchimiro chakafanana ane zvimwe format. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe Coding vanoziva urongwa mashoko pamwe anonongedzera yakakodzera kuitira kuti kutorwa mhiri, asi hazvifaniri kurasika, uye akanyudzwa mavari zvichireva.

Ngatikurukurei kugara muudzame izvi. The furemu Minda panhongonya akawanda yaisanganisira. Izvi zvinosanganisira Kero kombiyuta kuti unoda uchatamisa umboo uye ari checksum pakati pepuranga rimwe nerimwe. On zvichaita vafunga pamusoro Kururama mashoko. About Coding zvinganzi kuti zvarinoreva ndiko kukunda chipingaidzo uye kupa kugamuchirwa midziyo yacho date kuzivikanwa nezvaanogona.

Kunewo zvimwe rwokugadzira mashoko. Saka, kana uchishandisa Broadband wire Network adapters kwete kushandiswa chiratidzo vachisiyanisa inzwi. Sezvo izvi chete kunodiwa kana nokupfuuridzirwa anoenderera mberi narrowband kukurukurirana mitsetse (a runhare izwi-kakawanda migero zvinogona nemhepo sezvo vakadaro).

basa kuwana

Zvinotevera basa rinoshandiswa pachiimbwa ine date nhepfenyuro ezvinhu. Rinoshandiswa muzviitiko apo unofanira kuwana imwe algorithm.

Izvi zvakakodzera nokuti vanoparadza yakagovana Data kutepfenyura zvakatipoteredza. Asi pane katsika kuramba nzira iyi nyasha pachake kombiyuta kukurukurirana mugero pamwe kukurukurirana nomumbure mano (zvakafanana zvinoitwa-mutsetse nvidia).

kutendeuka uye yaunonyanya kushandisa basa

Kutendeuka uye yaunonyanya kushandisa zvinodiwa kupa umboo ari verengeka chimiro. Saka, nemhaka adapteri, mashoko anogona akarega Serial kufanana, ndiEzekieri. Izvi zvakakodzera nokuti kuti aivabatsira yaunonyanya kushandisa dambudziko (uyewo kuderedza mutengo kukurukurirana mitsetse) mashoko ari inoparadzirwa zvishoma nezvishoma - mumwe ikakuruma pashure perimwe. Enzanisa - ari mashoko kombiyuta inodedera byte nokuda byte.

Achitaura yaunonyanya kushandisa zvingataurwa kuti zvinokosha kuramba dzose kusakarongeka kupesana-mugamuchiri date wokutepfenyurisa. adhaputa iyi yakabudirira rwakapedza dambudziko, nemhaka chaiwo Coding nzira kuti musashandisa okuwedzera bhazi pamwe yaunonyanya kushandisa wachi.

Pamusana nzira iyi nyore rinopa nenguva dzirikure kuchinja Mureza hurumende iri inoparadzirwa. Kuwedzera pamatambudziko yaunonyanya kushandisa panguva ikakuruma pamwero, adapteri zvinetso zvakafanana uye hama bytes uye mapuranga.

Technical zvinhu

Kusiyanisa adapters pamusoro womukati umbowo bhazi uye unyanzvi vakashandisa. Saka, kana pamusoro pezvatinotaura Muchiitiko chokutanga, ipapo pangava mhando zvinotevera:

• ISA;
• eIsa;
• MCA;
• PCI.

With nemambure zvemichina hakusi nyore. Kazhinji rimwe adhaputa anotsigira mumwe wavo. Asi, pasinei ichi, mashoko ari ichiparadzirwa pasina matambudziko. Izvi zvinoitwa nemhaka yokuti kushandisa dzakasiyana vezvenhau nhepfenyuro Data. Somuenzaniso, mumwe zvikuru nevanhu ruzivo - Ethernet - anogona zvakanaka kuramba coaxial uye internet optic netambo kana vaviri unshielded yakakoswa.

Kana adhaputa anogona kutsigira svikiro mumwe chete ndiye akashandisa converters uye transceivers. Ndezvipi mano izvi?

Transceivers uye converters

Transceivers anonziwo transceivers. Ndivo chikamu mambure adapteri uye zvinomirira chinouraya kwayo, izvo anovhura angonanga waya. Kunyange zvazvo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vakanga pakutanga akaiswa pamusoro netambo (kana tikaongorora wokutanga Ethernet mureza), asi zvino kwakasarudzwa kuti yamunenge ndiko kuisa pamusoro adapteri.

Asi transceiver inogona kushandiswa mari. Iye mubasa Kufambisa mashoko nokushandisa siyana mashoko nhepfenyuro runyararo. Sezvo muenzaniso kunogona kuva munharaunda musha Network kuti anoshandisa kusarurama peya coaxial waya.

mhedziso

Eya, basa racho rapera - mazwi uye zvinhu akatsanangura adapters. Zvino, kwete kuti mibvunzo pamusoro zita mudziyo kuti interconnect kombiyuta nevamwe makombiyuta. Uyezve, isu akatarisa chii mabasa anoitwa pasi adapters, chii nzira okukura vaenda, uye sei zvinogona nani pasina kuchinja kukuru. Zvakadzama kudzidza mashoko haina kukwana shinda, asi sezvo kutanga kudzidza kuvakwa mumuviri data, zvichava richishanda kwauri.