Chii mhunga? chinobatsira chigadzirwa ichi sei?

Mhunga - dzakasiyana chirimwa, nhoroondo iri zviuru anoverengeka makore. MuIndia, China uye Africa, rave richishandiswa kuti kugadzirwa hwakatsetseka, kubva vakazochinja kubikwa makeke. Pasinei yokuti nokufamba kwenguva, mhunga vakatanga kutora nzvimbo dzavo munyika gore vaunganidze vanenge mamiriyoni 70 matani nechipiriso ichi. Pashure kuverenga nyaya ino, uchadzidza kuti mhunga.

Apo chirimwa kukura?

chirimwa ichi ane rimwe zita. Mune dzimwe nyika inozivikanwa se Sudan uswa. It inogona kunzi nzvimbo yechizvarirwo wokuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kweAfrica. Kura tsika iyi yakatanga muna VI remakore BC. Kare zvakanga rinoparadzirwa yose kondinendi African. pavageremo, uye kusvikira nhasi rinoshandiswa zvokudya tsanga. Avo vasingazivi chii mhunga, zvichava zvichifadza kuti Europe vatanga kushandira chete XV remakore, uye akaendeswa America pashure mumwe maviri emakore. In Etiopia Sudan uye zvino kukudziridzwa mhando dzakawanda chirimwa ichi.

Mhunga: tsananguro

Izvi kupisa-rudo chirimwa kungava kuroorwa kwete chete, asiwo-refu. Externally kwazvo yakafanana kwakajairika zviyo. Kukwirira gobvu, vanachandagwinyira, akarurama, vachiwaridza hunde akazara zvakanaka chirambe chakapfava zvinyama, kazhinji kusvika mamita matatu. tsika iyi ane dzakabudirira zvakanaka fibrous midzi. Panoparadzana mwoyo muvhu uye kwakasiyana-siyana vari chinhambwe 60 masendimita imwe nehafu mamita. Vaya vari kuziva mhunga asingadi kukuvadzwa kuziva kuti chirimwa ichi inonzi Inflorescence panicle uye muchero - weevil. chipiriso pacharwo yakasiyana ruvara. zviyo zvayo anogona kuva chena uye dema.

Hazvina nzara nemishonga chirimwa iri kurimwa kumatunhu with hot mumamirire ekunze. Muchiitiko chino, ayo goho riri quintals 20 paminiti hectare. Grain mhando akura undersized.

Popular akasiyana mhunga

Masayendisiti Modern vanoziva kupfuura makumi matanhatu kubva kukudziridzwa uye mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana nechipiriso ichi. Ruzhinji pavo chizvarwa kusvikira kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero chikamu Asia, Australia, Africa, Ukraine, Moldova, Russia, uye Europe. Chinonyanya mukurumbira marudzi akasiyana akadai:

• Grain mhunga, pikicha iyo zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino. Nemaziso, zviri zvakafanana chaizvo mapfunde. Mbeu chirimwa ichi vane chiedza yero kana dema mashava. Zvavo vari kushandiswa maindasitiri kugadzirwa ezviyo, starch, furawa uye doro. Of milled zviyo yaibika chingwa uye pastries siyana.
• Shuga mhunga pemashanga ayo zvinowanzoshandiswa indasitiri nokuda kugadzirwa inonaka syrups uye molasses.
• Herbaceous mhunga, dzinoratidzwa nyoro chinoumba, kwamakadarika rinoshandiswa sezvo chikafu mhuka purazi.
• Technical mhunga, achionga nekuti mashanga rakashandiswa kugadzirwa yakarukwa zvigadzirwa, bepa uye kunyange mhuri mabhurumu.
• Lemongrass, zvinobudirira kushandiswa senzvimbo condiment vose mhando nyama, hove uye miriwo. It anonyatsorayiridzwa pamwe Ginger uye inopisa pepper. Plus zvimwe zvose kunze ibereke mafuta zvinokosha rave zvinobudirira kushandiswa zvokudya, perfumery uye mishonga Mazinga.

Nesimba kukosha uye Zvinoumba mhunga

Mumwe zana magiramu bota iri rine anenge 68 magiramu ose makabhohaidhiretsi. Uyewo ayo sezvamunoita rine padurunhuru, faibha, mvura, mafuta uye mapurotini. Avo vane kare akaziva kuti mhunga ino zvingabatsira kuziva kuti simba rayo anokosha 340 kcal.

Rine yakawanda riboflavin, biotin, thiamin, niacin, folic acid uye ascorbic acid. Uyewo, kuti chirimwa akapfuma yakasiyana siyana micro- uye makro-okunze, kusanganisira zingi, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, manganese uye selenium. In kwayo sezvamunoita varipo uye zvinhu zvakadai molybdenum, simbi uye mhangura.

Zvechokwadi chirimwa ichi?

Nokuda mukuru zviri mapuroteni uye makabhohaidhiretsi, mhunga kunoonekwa sechinhu zvinovaka chaizvo nechipiriso. Thiamine chipo mauri kunonatsiridza kudya uye normalize mudumbu secretion. Kugara kudyiwa mhunga inobvumira kumisa uropi uye kumwoyo.

The Zvinoumba chirimwa ichi kuchibva antioxidants simba kupfuura kuti vadzivirire muviri kubva inokanganisa nechitarisiko zvinhu. The wevasungwa aripo mhunga polyphenolic kungatowedzera gumi nguva kupfuura mune blueberries.

Nokuda pamberi H uye vhitamini PP ipapo chipiriso ichi hwezvekukurukurirana lipolysis, muviri kumhanyisa. Kugara kudyiwa mhunga zvinoita kwetunhu steroid hormone uye amino acids. chigadzirwa ichi zvaanopa simba kuvandudzwa repfupa masero. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti nechokwadi kuti zvinyorwe zvokudya vanhu vari chirwere cheshuga nokuti anoita wevasungwa kweshuga muropa uye kunomutsa kugadzirwa hemoglobin. Kuratidza mhunga tsinga zvinetso, zvirwere ganda uye matambudziko gastrointestinal.