Chii chakaoma-mhando transformers? Magadzirirwo uye Makuriro

Paaishandisa simba pamwero zvakakodzera kuchinja mumwe voltage. Dry-mhando transformers (zvimwe - mhepo-dzaserera) anoita basa iri zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira zvokuti vari zvikuru kushandiswa indoor kugadzwa pachena uye dzinogarwa zvivako, apo dzimwe mhando mano idzi kuti zvakare nengozi.

Transformer mhando: mvura uye yakaoma

In Zvinotaurwa, pane mhando mbiri dzakasiyana zvakadaro mano: imvura kuputira uye kutonhora (mvura mhando) uye dzaserera nemhepo kana mweya-gasi muvhenganiswa (yakaoma mhando).

Wokutanga mhando transformer kutonhora svikiro ingava kwakajairika mafuta chicherwa. Uyewo shandisa zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai inflammable Mahydrocarbon uye silicone zvinwiwa. transformers ava panozogadzirika uye windings vanonyudzwa mune tangi raiva mvura svikiro, iyo inoshanda sechinhu insulator, uye kutonhora.

Inonyanya simba transformers vari akaoma windings uploaded epoxy nebwe kushumira ive insulator. Inochengetedza conductors neguruva uye mumhepo ngura. Zvisinei, sezvo Foroma rekukuputsirai Gwenzi anoshandiswa chete yatarwa hukuru, zvinoita kuchinja magadzirirwo vakadai mano riri shoma. In kuwanda yaiwanzoshandiswa Magetsi nerubatsiro duku maindasitiri emakambani, uyewo paruzhinji uye dzinogarwa zvivako, yakaoma-mhando transformers zvakazara kutevedzera wandei kugona waro emura dzomuzana.

Huru parameters

Zvikuru yakaoma mukushanda iri vaiona mano - ndiko kuti tibu- tembiricha iri windings. Kuti abatsire wokusarudza kana kutenga mudziyo kuti pakaoma-mhando simba nerubatsiro zvinhu siyana, funga munhu zvishomanana uchishandisa parameters:

1. KVA.
2. The yavose sezvavakatarirwa voltage pamusoro nesekondari windings.
3. Heat kuchinjirwa kuputira hurongwa - chitsama kufadza ambient tembiricha kuti + avhareji tembiricha achamuka windings + musiyano pakati avhareji tembiricha achamuka windings uye chikuru munhoroondo pavo.
4. Chinoumba uye coils - zvikuru kukosha zvinogoneka kuvadza chinoumba kana kuunganidza mwanda (mhangura kana aruminiyamu conductors).

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana transformer zvakagadzirwa rinotsanangurwa zvikurukuru kushandiswa nzira voga pakati windings. Pakati pavo vane yaizivikanwa: Vacuum impregnation, encapsulation uye vachikanda coils. Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chazvo voga.

Kusurukirwa Vacuum impregnation muitiro (VPI)

Michina iyi pave lacquer unhani conductors kuburikidza rakatumbuka kumanikidzwa uye Vacuum zvinogara. VPI-muitiro anoshandisa polyester nebwe. Inopa nani varnished conductors pane kwakajairika kunyudza sezvamunoita. Coils, akavafukidza, ipapo akaisa muvira, umo kubika chingwa. Vanowana zvikuru nemishonga panowanikwa Corona discharges. mumwe transformer akadaro sei? Photo vakarikunda pazasi.

Kusurukirwa ne Vacuum encapsulation (VPE)

Nzira iyi ndiyo kazhinji kudarika VPI-muitiro. Multiple rwaiva anowedzerwa panguva kugadzira muitiro kuti encapsulate ari coils, pashure yavakanga zvakabikwa vari unhani muvira. transformers Ndivo yakanakisisa kudzivirira nehasha uye nyorovera runyararo pane avo VPI-analogues. mumwe transformer akadaro sei? Photos nechipiriso pazasi paro.

Encapsulation (chisimbiso)

Encapsulated transformers - a kwakajairika mudziyo pamwe Coils akafukidzwa nesilicon yeimwe kana epoxy nebwe zvakazara akanyudzwa rinorema casing. Production kwacho anozadza rizere ichitenderera ne epoxy nebwe aine simba dielectric soro, kudzivirira transformer upi simba kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kandira coils (ari nekuumbanidzwa rakaumbwa epoxy nebwe)

mano izvi vanoumba mumwe coils, encapsulated mune epoxy nebwe riri nedanho inotungamirwa. Vazere zvakakwana nebwe pasi Vacuum.

Mumwe nomumwe ichitenderera kuputira nzira zvakananga wakanyatsokodzera kuti dzakananga runyararo. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kupi yakanakisisa kushandisa mhando zvakakodzera mano. Somuenzaniso, yakaoma-mhando transformers pamwe kukandira kuputira zvakawanda vanenge 50% zvinodhura kupfuura chigadzirwa VPE kana VPI. Saka, kusarudza imwe mhando mudziyo anogona yekudyidzana kukanganisa zvinonyatsorehwa Mari yaidiwa kuvaka.

Zvinotarisirwa kuti kusarudza

Kana zvakakodzera, zvakawedzera kuramba Corona discharges (m. E. Electrical discharges anokonzerwa munda simba kupfuura simba dielectric pakati kuputira) apo zvakawedzera simba zvemaziso pamusoro ichitenderera haina zvaida, kushandisa VPI-mhando transformer.

Kushandisa imwe chakakandirwa Coils kuti zvinoda rumwe simba nedziviriro, somuenzaniso, mune kungatikanganisa runyararo, akadai makemikari kubudiswa miti, chirimwa zvokuvakisa, uyewo nokuda Outdoor kugadzwa. Kuparadza runyararo zvinosanganisira zvinhu kuti muve anokanganisa dzimwe windings akaoma-mhando transformers, kusanganisira munyu, guruva, kungatikanganisa magasi, unyoro uye esimbi inoramba.

Uyewo, dzinopoterera pamwe kukandira nebwe kuva nani kukwanisa kukurira pfupi uye yokudzokorora. zadzisa hunhu maindasitiri mazhinji kwendangariro.

Engineer kazhinji anofanira kusarudza pakati zano rine kukandira nebwe VPI kwayo / VPE-mhando dzokushandisa ezvinhu akanyanyisa uye kungatikanganisa runyararo kana. Chokutanga mhando Kazhinji vaiona yakanakisisa. Zvisinei, vamwe vagadziri, anoratidza kuti kukandira nebwe kuputira ichikutadzisa kuti upenyu basa iri transformer. The coefficient pamusoro chafariz Kuwedzera epoxy idukusa kuti conductors yemhangura. Cyclical kuwedzera uye marwadzo kubudikidza kudziyisa uye kutonhora Coils zvinogona pakupedzisira kukonzera cracking walnut pamusoro nebwe. Zvinonzi yakataurawo kuti VPI-mhando transformer anogona kurarama nani pezvakaitwa dzakadaro uye saka kwazvinogumira refu. Pakupedzisira, kwokupedzisira sarudzo ane simba injiniya.

Liquid mhando pamusoro yakaoma

Liquid yakazara transformers, muitiro kuva yepamusoro kunyatsoshanda pane yakaoma, saka vane upenyu hwakareba. Uyezve, nemvura svikiro iri hubudirire kuchitonhora munzvimbo yomunzvimbomo soro tembiricha iri windings. Plus, imvura yakazara mano vane nani zadzisa kukwanisa.

Saka, akaoma 1000 kVA transformer pamwe nehafu mutoro azvipire kurasikirwa dzinenge 8 KW, uye azere - vanenge 16 KW. Saka munhu "chiuru kuti", asi nemvura iri pamusoro hafu dongo. Mafuta "dvuhtysyachnika" panguva mutoro kurasikirwa hafu ane 8 KW uye zvizere - 16 KW. analogue yake yakaoma dzinoratidzwa mari 13 uye 26.5 KW, ukuwo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ushasha mubvunzo wakaoma transformers chengeta pachiyero vaaida. mutengo wavo panguva iyoyo yakakwirira kupfuura mvura.

Nokuda kumwezve kutonhora Urume ichitenderera mudziyo vane kukura zvidiki (kudzika uye upamhi) pane rakaoma zvakafanana chinzvimbo. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvainoita zvakakodzera nzvimbo transformer substations (kunyanya pakuvara), uye nokudaro mari yose wechivako. Saka, randinenge yakaoma KVA transformer 1000 ane kudzika 1,6 M uye wakafara makubhiti 2.44 m. Iyi, zvakafanana mafuta kana kunyatsotevera udzamu ane makubhiti anenge 1.5 m. Asi zvisinei, ichi mhando ine, vamwe zvainovhiringidzawo.

Somuenzaniso, moto chinodzivirira kukosha transformers vachishandisa mvura kutonhora svikiro kuti anokwanisa moto. Zvisinei, akaoma-mhando transformers kunogonawo kubata moto. Isina kukodzera vakavhiyiwa Urume-mhando midziyo inogona kunyange putika.

Zvichienderana anodawo mamiriro nemvura yakazara nyaya ingada kuti nhoo mudziyo rokuchera coolant panguva yayo zvichibvira idonhe.

Zvichida pakusarudza transformers mugove yokuchinjira kubva zvatinofarira yakajeka mvura yakaoma mhando iri pakati 500 KW uye 2.5 MVA, sezvamakaropafadzwa wokutanga mhando iri iya inoshandiswa yakaderera siyana, uye yechipiri pamusoro payo.

Chinhu chinokosha kusarudza mhando imwe transformer chokugadza nzvimbo, zvakadai mukati kana kunze chemahofisi, uye kugadzira maindasitiri zvinorema.

Dry-mhando transformers yavose sezvavakatarirwa pa kupfuura 5MVa nyore, asi vazhinji vavo vari emura yakazara. Nokuti kunze yokugadza, ichi uyewo koshesa mhando.

A mashoko mashoma pamusoro kufefetedza

Kana akashongedzerwa aine blower dzinoshandisa transformer mutoro anogona yekudyidzana kuwedzera. Saka, nokuti vachikanda windings basa kwakadaro kunogona kumutsa kwenguva kutakura ne50% pamusoro chezita. Nokuti VPE kana VPI-mhando simba fuma iyi kunogona kusvika 33%.

Somuenzaniso, mutemo simba transformer kVA kusvika 3000 aine kukandira Coil rayo midziyo dzinoshandisa wokufema inowedzera kuti 4,500 KW (50%). Panguva iyoyowo VPE- kana VPI-mhando 2500 kVA vanokwanisa kuva kutonhora dzinoshandisa uchaimutsa kuti 3.333 KW (33%).

Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kugara uchiyeuka kuti pamberi blower kunoderedza zvinonyatsorehwa rakavimbika hurongwa. Kana uri kushanda pamwe vachiridza pasi mutoro kupfuura chezita rusero rapera, saka pane mukana chaiye tsaona yakaipisisa, somugumisiro iyo yose transformer inogona kurasika.

Uye zvakadini musika weRussia?

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mumakore achangobva vachiwana tsika kudzokorora zvakaitika Europe yakaumbwa Russia, apo 90% vose achangogadzwa transformers chokuita yakaoma mhando. Saizvozvowo, nepamusika zvaanoita. Nhasi muRussia kune vaitaura vakadaro mano kubva mumapoka maviri vaburitsi. Chokutanga izvi zvingasanganisira Russian, wokuItaly, Chinese uye Korean mavanga. Kumboda rinosanganisira STRUCTURAL analogs ose anozivikanwa pezvitsiga Russian: pombi, TSL, TSGL. How zvikuru chakaoma transformer? Price kwese "chiuru kuti" zvichisiyana 900 zviuru mamiriyoni 1 rubles.

Boka rechipiri kunosanganisira vaburitsi German uye French. Vavanopisira muchiso dzakatevedzana DTTH, GDNN, GDHN. Panguva iyoyo mari transformer kupinza dzakadaro? Mutengo kuchabvira 1.5 mamiriyoni 2 rubles chete "chiuru kuti".