Chanzera - zvinoreva ichi shoko .... chanzera German

Chanzera zvinozivikanwa zvose muRussia uye muEurope. Mumitauro yose yenyika shoko Rinopereterwa uye kutaurwa saizvozvo. Chinzvimbo hapasi anoreva chinhu chimwe, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vari chanzera - mutungamiriri. In neimwe nyika zvinoreva shoko rine pachavo zvachiri. Kakawanda inobatanidzwa Germany uye Austria. Munyika idzi, hofisi chanzera ine chinzvimbo chepamusoro-soro mune hurumende.

nyaya

Zviri pfungwa kubva Middle Ages. Nepo chanzera akagamuchira musoro okudhindira Vaikopa vaiva simba chairo. Nokufamba kwenguva, mukuru German wehurumende nyika yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Federal chanzera. Kuitawo ane ukoshi muAustria.

Mumazuva hwacho chinzvimbo kugadza uye bvisa kubva namambo. MuGermany, mambo rinogonawo zvakananga kufurira chirongwa mutemo. Mushure 1918, ari neWeimar Republic chanzera akatanga pasi Paramende, kunyange kusarudza pakugadzwa kwake uye kubviswa akatora Reich mutungamiri. Mushure 1948, zvematongerwo kurema musoro paramende yave yekudyidzana zvakawedzera.

In tsarist Russia iri chanzera - ndiyo chikuru vehurumende chinzvimbo. Ngaaise mukuru machinda avo vaiita dzimwe negwaro. Saka isu ainzi President of College uye Vashumiri Foreign.

MuUK seizvi anonzi Gurukota Finance.

zvichireva

Chanzera (shoko iri rinobva mutauro wokuGermany) mumaduramazwi dzakawanda kunoreva yepamusoro mupurisa kana chinzvimbo. nzvimbo iyi utungamiri umo vamiririri munyika dzakasiyana vanonzi zvishoma zvakasiyana:

• Germany - chanzera, Federal chanzera;
• England - Ishe chanzera.

masimba nzvimbo

Sezvo shoko German, ipapo nzvimbo ine zvimwe Germany. Saka, zvinorondedzerwa zvichava masimba uye kodzero munyika ino. Yakakurumbira ndiyo wokupedzisira chanzera Otto von Bismarck.

Federal chanzera - a Sachigaro Cabinet vashumiri. Ndiye chete anogona kuumba hurumende. Izvi zvinoreva chete kodzero yokusarudza vashumiri, uyewo kuisa mberi vaitaura kuti kugadzwa kwavo uye kudzingwa. It anosarudza sei vachava muhofisi vashumiri, uyewo kukura kwebasa ravo.

Of German chanzera

The Federal chanzera pamusoro modernity rakatanga kushandiswa 1949. Ndivo mukufambisira bato raitonga Germany inokosha.

List nevatungamiriri dzeparamende German:

• Konrad Adenauer ;
• Ludwig Erhard ;
• Kurt Kiesinger;
• Willy Brandt;
• Helmut Schmidt ;
• Helmut Kohl;
• Gerhard Schroeder.

Kubvira 2005, Federal weGermany - Angela Merkel. Anogadza kuti nzvimbo yacho German Parliament. The upenyu basa kwemakore mana. Kuchinja kubva pambiru yake pamberi nguva kunogona kuitwa nzira vasina chivimbo.

Modern Head kuna Germany

Angela Merkel ndiye mukadzi wokutanga kubata pambiru chanzera. Iyewo ane mutungamiri CDU (Christian Democratic Union). Vamiririri sangano iri kazhinji kunova chanzera. Musi kwake kugadzwa - November 22, 2005. Iye wakagamuchira anopfuura 50% mavhoti ose Bundestag vevatariri. Panguva iyi, zvakanga 51. Vakadzi vakawanda, frg yaiva pachake kukunda.

basa rake ari muhurumende, akatanga aine kuchinja zvinhu batana hurongwa. Izvi zvaisanganisira pakurwisa muboka revatungamiriri, kuita kwesainzi zveutano kuchinja, simba mitemo uye zvakawanda. Muna 2007, Angela Merkel akasangana Dalai Lama XIV. Raiva kutekenyedzwa chaiye pose. Mugore iroro akanga akagadzwa kuva mumiririri European Union. Kana rakazoshandiswa EU reMitemo. Kuti aiva wake pokutanga panguva mufananidzo.

Kubva apa zvinogona vakagumisa kuti chanzera - mutungamiriri hurumende German. It anosarudza kuti mitemo iri Bundestag, kunyange rinogona kubviswa nokuda vazhinji nekuvhota kwe tisingavimbi nyaya.