Blood bvunzo. Kweropa. Decoding miedzo ropa: coagulation

Blood - ndicho chikuru maberekero pasi dzemuviri. Ndichifunda achiparadzira mairi uye unokupai masero pamwe okisijeni uye vose zvinokosha metabolites, izvozvo anoita zvayo zvinokosha mabasa. Mukuwedzera, ropa riri ichowo kudzivirira kutanga muzvizhinji ane utachiona nezvirwere zvinotapukira, uyewo kudzivisa ropa kana kukuvara chero mudziyo. Kunopiwa chinokosha coagulation gadziriro zvinosanganisira kunzwisisa yakatarwa kwemapurotini. Zvino isu takurukura izvi zvizere.

Sechivako hemostasis

Zvinofanira kutsvaka chii wegadziriro hemostasis. Inoitwa zviviri zvinoti vaivenga mumwe - coagulation uye anticoagulation. Asi panguva imwe chete, ivo mukwanisi nomumwe, saka kuti ropa hazvina kuchinja Qualitative parameters, uye akakwanisa uchidzidza dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri. Wokutanga anopiwa mukana pamwe ropa kana zvakakodzera kusika munhu ropa clot obturation akazaruka lumen ari mudziyo pamadziro. Yechipiri kusashanda pakarepo pashure yokutanga oparesheni, nokudaro kudzivisa pakugwamba ikawanda kukura thrombosis kwakadaro zvikuru nemigumisiro, akadai sitiroko uye myocardial infarction.

Saka, muna hosha dzakawanda atora tikwanise kuongorora ropa. Kweropa uye ayo kwemabhakitiriya seeding - ndicho chinangwa chidzidzo ichi. unogona kuita zvakarurama zvokuongorora uye zvakakodzera kurapwa pachishandiswa mashoko ayo.

The zvinoumba mu zvinonyatsorehwa kuongorora ropa

Pakati zvinoumba ari coagulation mamiriro kugara nzvimbo inokosha sezvo masero nemapurotini. Izvi anonyanya maplatelet, izvo, kuwedzera zvikuru basa, uyewo zvokudya endothelium lining mukati zvose ropa midziyo. nhamba yavo inogona kuwanikwa nepamahofisi kunotoda ropa count. Zvisinei, pakugwamba, kunoenderana kwete nokuwanda, asiwo unhu hwavo. Saka, kana imwe kusawirirana yokusafa nerevane masero aya kuva thrombocytopathia, zvakaoma kuona uye kunoratidzwa vakawanda, zvakaoma kumisa kubuda kweropa, izvo pakupedzisira zvinogona kutungamirira nekurashikirwa neupenyu. Mumwe nyore, akapa kunyange uchida kurapwa kuongorora ropa - pakugwamba nguva Lee-White. Zvinonzi kunoyerwa kuzunungusa sepombi pamwe substrate wakatorwa kusvikira Nonseparated batana clot.

mamirire zvinhu

Mapuroteni zvinosanganisirwawo mu Kuronga coagulation hurongwa, akataura gumi zvinhu. kusiyana kwavo iri yokuti kazhinji ivo vari munhu akaneta ezvinhu kusvikira pane chikonzero avo mabasa, uyewo munzvimbo kunzwisisa pachiremera kanda hwavo, mavakanga vave catalysts kuti zvavaifunga izvi. Saka, ino achiri oga. Quality Zvinoitwa basa ravo re rakamanikana bvunzo ropa - "pakugwamba ropa" kana "coagulation". Rinosanganisira vashomanana zvokusarudza, asi chiremba muridzi ruzivo pamusoro pavo, unogona zvakarurama kunzi kukonzera kusagadzikana hemostasis, uye kunyange pane chirwere. Saka, decoding miedzo ropa "pakugwamba" kune nzvimbo inokosha iri kunotoda ruzivo mumwe chiremba, uye saka isu anofanira kukurukura zvizere.

zviratidzi kiyi coagulation

Saka, muchidzidzo ichi une zvinotevera kiyi idzi.

• First. D-dimer kunokosha chokukomborerwa thrombosis, uye nokudaro rinoshandiswa kuti mangwanani chirwere kuti thrombosis. Pregnant inowanikwa yakawanda (3-4 times) pakazopera nguva gestation, asi ichi ndicho musiyano pakati chakaipa nazvo. Kuonekwa chinhu kukuru wevasungwa uchapupu kare pamusoro pathological nzira pamuviri. Uyezve, wakaratidza kuwedzera zvirwere zvakadai dzinonzi rheumatoid arthritis, Hemorrhagic matambudziko, zvikuru zvirwere.
• Pfungwa yechipiri. Prothrombin nguva yakafanana computation indekisi INR uye PTI (prothrombin indekisi) kuratidza mamiriro ropa coagulation maitiro uye kunoonekwa Koagulometers uye Masvomhu. Se vari kunyatsoongorora hemostasis uye pakurapa zvisina kunanga anticoagulants.
• Third. Fibrinogen - kunzwisisa mapuroteni. Zviri nomuzongoza kuti paumbwe imwe ropa clot - thrombus. Zvibereko zvayo iri achiperekedzwa chiropa, chirwere cheitsvo, myocardial infarction, nemwaranzi kurwara, kenza. Zvisinei, sezvo akacherechedza panguva pamuviri, kuenda kumwedzi, uye vane mukanwa nhumbu ane zvikuru zvinoriumba inonzi estrogen.

zviratidzi protivosvertyvaniya

• Pfungwa wechina. Lupus coagulant iri boka antibodies kune vayo maplatelet, inova kuratidzwa chakakomba autoimmune kwacho. Most kazhinji inowanikwa zvokurwara akazvitakura, kureva. E. Gestosis. Kuvapo Its anotsanangura zvavo zvikuru hemodynamic vachivavhiringidza - edema, BP, mukuru ndingangokuvara nokupfupfudzika. Saka, ropa, "ropa pakugwamba" ongororo rinoitwa kuvakadzi zvose pamuviri kudzivisa pfungwa iyi.
• Wechishanu. Antithrombin-3, kusiyana, ari puroteni anticoagulation maitiro uye thrombin inhibitor. Kana murwere kurasikirwa bvunzo ropa, "ropa coagulation," uye zvichiguma kuderera mune chikamu ichi, inoratidza imwe njodzi thrombosis. Uyewo, tsanangudzo antithrombin-3 kunokosha kuti kudzorwa varwere nokugamuchira refu-refu anticoagulant zvinodhaka dzinoti (zvinodhaka "TromboASS", "Cardiomagnyl", "clopidogrel").

Paaipedzisa kutaura

Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, pane chiyero aPTT kuti zvakajeka zvikuru zvinoratidza zvakakwana / dhefisiti zvinhu ropa pakugwamba. Saka zvakakosha kuti uzive kwazvo hemophilia Genesi siyana, of Willebrand nechirwere, kuvapo zvakawandisa coagulation FIs kana anticoagulants mabiko. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ropa pakugwamba munhu akaidza anogona chete sezvinoratidzwa. Zvisinei, kana ukaona munhu kutyora panguva hemostatic hurongwa, yaida kuona chiremba.