Bionic prosthesis: mudziyo, kugadzwa, oparesheni musimboti. Bionic nemakumbo

Kana munhu anorasikirwa negumbo kana ruoko, chinonyanya kukosha kurota kwake - kunzwa ruoko kana gumbo zvakare. Uye kwete kunzwa, uye kuita zvose pabazi kufamba riwanikwe kukuvara kana chirwere: kutora mukombe, norwonzi kumusoro majombo, uende uchitsigirwa tsoka vose. Vawanezve mikana yakarasika achibvumira bionic prosthesis, kana kunzwisisa zano, yokururamisa tsinga nomunhu.

Sezvo pakanga prostheses "akangwara"?

Kumumvuri prostheses "mhenyu" kukwira uye tsanangura renyaya. Zviri mabasa avo kutsiva vakarasika hondo iri maoko, makumbo, maziso uye mwoyo akasvika zvemaziso vabatsiri kushanda nani zvipenyu nhengo. The yakakurumbira muenzaniso - Terminator Cameron, uyo akatora kubva murume chete kuonekwa.

vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti zvikabva pakati prosthesis ano yakatanga kusvika remakore rechi19, apo gumbo yemapuranga rakapinzwa resimbi mbiya, kuti rezasi chikamu Mobile. Asi muzana remakore rechi20, izvi chinyakare mano yakatsiva bionic prosthesis, akasikwa ari panosangana sayenzi akawanda: mushonga, injiniya, zvemagetsi uye bionics.

Masayendisiti kubva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana aiti ndiro rine chokwadi panyaya iyi, asi chokwadi ndechokuti wekutanga kushanda bionic ruoko prosthesis chaipiwa panguva Vanachiremba vemabhonzo inoratidzirwa muguta wokuGermany Leipzig muna 2010. In makore mashomanana apfuura kubva kuti chiitiko, akawandisa prostheses zvakatangwa munyika, maoko, maoko, tsoka, makumbo, uye kunyange imbwa netsoka dzakapfava.

Chii bionics?

Chinhu nesayenzi kuti vanodzidza mhuka mukana uchatamisa misimboti zvipenyu zviri maindasitiri analogues. Mainjiniya mukusora pfungwa zvakasikwa uye muvira namano avo ezvirevo. Mupfungwa iyi, bionic prosthesis - chete kusiyira ari mugomo. Saka, zvose anozivikanwa Velcro chete kutevedzera nzira kufamba mbeu burdock ose. Suckers vari yaainge zvikwevaropa. Kana mazano Ngarava dzepasi pemvura akatora muenzaniso earthworm - ine zvose "nezvikamu" zvionera. Kusimba oma simbi openwork Ostankino uye Eiffel shongwe - ndiwo kakawanda hombe shanduro kwevanhu cortical mapfupa. simbi ruka, izvo zvose saka yemura - kopi pfupa mamiriro, izvo rinobatanidza simba uye kunzwisisa.

Kunyange multi-storey chivako umo zvose kurarama mhuri akasiyana zvakadaro, vakakopa reuchi. Pfungwa upenyu vanhu vakasiyana mu "mumasero" pasi chete denga ne zvakajairika kukurukurirana kukopa upenyu muoti nyuchi mhuri.

Bionic musimboti uri muzvinhu zvizhinji yakatipoteredza: motokari matai, ndege, makamera, watercraft uye inonyanya rwakashodoka.

nyore bionic prosthesis sei?

Pashure yokukuvara kana chirwere panguva richiripo kudimburwa. The chigutsa yasara iri kubva siyana munyama: ganda, tsandanyama, mapfupa, tsinga uye utano hwake. The chiremba munguva oparesheni kuratidzirana akachengetedzwa injini tsinga iri kuramba makuru tsandanyama. Pashure nokuporesa vanga zvinogona kutapurira gwenya tsinga chiratidzo. Mureza ichi anopiwa Switch akatasva pamusoro prosthesis. In nedanho maonero ari etsinga chido kwaisanganisira purogiramu yekombiyuta yakaoma.

Naizvozvo bionic prosthesis anogona kuita chete zviito izvo zvinobayirwa chinyatsotsanangurwa mupurogiramu: tora chipunu, mumwe forogo kana bhora, wokudhinda uye zvichingodaro. Ichienzaniswa pasina makumbo mukana kunyange shoma motokari - munhu mberi hombe. Zvisinei, kunyange yakanakisisa uye zvemberi bionic prosthesis haagoni asi kuzadzisa zvose vaduku chaiwo kufamba, izvo vanokwanisa mhenyu richiripo.

How etsinga chido kubva uropi kusvika prosthesis?

Kuti tinzwisise kuti bionic prostheses, zvinokosha kuyeuka inowanzotorwa physiology kwevanhu.

The kufamba zvatinoita nguva zhinji masikati, dzinonzi zvokuzvisarudzira. Kukwira kwidza kuti chimbuzi, kugeza, Kukwesha mazino, kupfeka - hapana pfungwa zvose hatina zvaaitaura. The muviri inoita zvose kuti chinodiwa sokunge woga. Asi chokwadi, kutanga chero kufamba - akafunga. Ndiko kutanga tinofunga unofanira kukwesha mazino enyu, kuti kofi, kupfeka. Uropi anotumira anonongedzera kuna tsandanyama, izvo zvinobatanidzwa munyaya inofamba. Muscle chokutyira kana vokudzokera chete muuropi chiratidzo. Asi muitiro anoenda nokukurumidza uye zvakanaka, isu tisina nguva kuziva zvaiitika. In nyaya prosthesis yakaoma zvikuru: chokutanga, chiratidzo pakati inofamba verenga electrode wakaiswa pedyo iri-iri tsandanyama etsinga, uye ipapo akatumira processor mukati prosthesis. Izvi zvakare chaizvo kutsanya, asi kumhanya kuzadziswa nezviito achiri muduku vapenyu maoko nemakumbo.

Chakagadzirwa yevanhu "kupembedza zvikamu"

Sezvo rokutanga bionic prosthesis, sayenzi mberi kwave kukurukurwa. Kana pakutanga yokutevedzera vakanga yainetsa zvinoda haizoshandisi uye aigona chete kuita kufamba nyore, ano mazano haringanzi kunzi prostheses. Izvi yakashongedzwa youinjiniya zvigadzirwa, sokunge akabva chidzitiro futuristic mafirimu.

The prosthesis zirokwazvo yakaita ruoko akanaka, vanogona kunyora, bata Forogo, Banga Nechipunu, kutyaira motokari, kana zai. Nokuti kukwana rwokufamba dzimwe nguva anoshandisa munhu pachake zvinyama nevamwe nhengo dzomuviri - tsoka, somuenzaniso.

Ideas kubva Future

Mainjiniya uye masayendisiti wavo, kana muchimuka risingadzivisiki. Saka, masayendisiti vakanga kunyange kukwanisa "circumvent" ukama the retina, nhepfenyuro mifananidzo dzedunhu zvakananga pamusoro optic etsinga. Bofu nokuda kukuvara, apo kuchengeteka optic etsinga anogona kuvimba kuti kamwe zvakare kuona ake chizvarwa munhu kana wakanaka sunrise.

Kune kare namano kuti kuvandudza pfungwa chaitika. Saka, pamwe kuzunungusa mitezo kana Parkinson nehosha anogona kufambiswa nokubatsira akasima electrodes.

Vanhu vava immobile nokuda nourema, kudyara electrodes zvakananga kupinda uropi, kuitira kuti ishande chakagadzirwa maoko nemakumbo. Nokuti munhu zvachose nevamwe, kuzvicheka-basa - risingatauriki mufaro.

Mubvunzo akaisa pasi ganda machipisi anogona kutsiva makiyi, bhengi kadhi uye ID kadhi panguva imwe chete.

Uye chii tine?

The inozivikanwa kambani zvibereko bionic prostheses muRussia - Moscow chinhu prosthetic uye Rehabilitation Centre. Pano unganidza prosthesis modules, vakashandisa zvigadzirwa vari Germany, Iceland uye Russia.

Prosthesis mumwe munhu ane nomumwe zvinhu. pamwero Uku kudimurwa, uye uremu uye kukwirira, uye basa, kunyanya gait uye zviduku kufamba, zera. Richishandiswa yakawanda modules nokuzvidzora kudzidza. It zvinoenderana kwete chete kune munhu kuti prosthesis, iyo prosthesis asiwo kuvanhu. Self-kudzidza module iri akashongedzerwa aine pakuvara chakagadzirwa akachenjera, anoyeuka kunyanya gait uye kufamba nzira. Module "rinodzidzisa" kwete chete upamhi danho uye yokupedzisira mutoro, asi rinochengeta nhamba uye kukwirira pamatanho, kuchereka uye kumaketeni mumugwagwa. Modules kutevedzera uropi chiito inogadzirira danho kana zvimwe kufamba.

How zvikuru "mhenyu" prosthesis?

Arasikirwe bionic prosthetics kusvikira kumusoro uye anogona kusvika muna dzakaoma mamiriyoni rubles. Zvisinei, kudzokera kwomuzvarirwo upenyu zvakaoma kuti vaongorore zvinhu hwaro. Kutaura zvazviri, kugadzwa bionic prostheses - mukana chete wevakaremara kudzokera kurarama: kuvaka uye zvirongwa kutsigira mhuri, titevere basa twi.

Chinonyanya kukosha - ndiko kuti wodzokera munharaunda utano, vachitarisira vanhu. Vanhu vane prostheses "mhenyu" vanoramba kutungamirira zvakajairika upenyu, kutamba uye kunyange kugamuchira mitambo mibayiro. Kureva prosthesis rinova chikamu munhu kuitira kuti zvakaoma kusiyanisa chiito vachiramba vachirarama bionic tsandanyama dzavo analogues.

Prosthetics: zvokukura Development

Tichienzanisa kwakajairika bionic ruoko prosthesis - maari nechisimba chaiyo. Munguva ichangopfuura, mumwe munhu anenge arasika mumakwenzi, aigona chete kuvimba mikana miviri: pakati ulna uye nharaunda kuumbwa kurova-rova, saka kuti munhu aigona kubata zvinhu makuru kana kuti chigutsa akabatanidzwa chirauro. Zvino, uye mumwe aiva kusagadzikana maloestetichno. Nhasi, kunyange paumbwe chigutsa pasi yemberi prosthesis kunotangira uchishandisa mukamuri. Kubva pamazuva yokutanga postoperative nguva pamwe njodzi nokushanda prosthetist, kubatsira kusarudza zvakanaka mubatanidzwa zvikamu. Chigutsa kuumbwa uye vakadzidziswa, sezvo chikamu yemberi prosthesis maximally dzakashandisa yasara chinzvimbo. With ganda nevateereri zvinyoronyoro cuff kuti silicone pamwe midzi Chips. Scuffs kubva prostheses ano zvikasaitika. Chirongwa hunovapo nerimwe chigadzirwa nomumwe, zvichienderana chii anenge kuroorana. Task - kufadza kuzoita basa.

Support wevakaremara

Munhu anenge asisina rimwe gumbo, haambokundikani inopfuura zvokurapa uye munzanga unyanzvi. Panguva imwe chete pokugadzwa yokuremara rimwe kuva chirongwa evanhu vapore. Rehabilitation kunosanganisira kushandisa zvikurukuru michina zvinoreva aivabatsira kudzoka munhu kubasa. Mbabvu All bionic vanobatanidzwa mune fanira mazita akadai michina nzira. Munhu vane chisarudzo yechinangwa chirongwa rokuchinjwa kuti vawane rapera chigadzirwa kana kuti kutenga pachavo uye achiwana muripo wemari. Huwandu muripo rinowanikwa paavhareji mutengo ane prosthetic zvigadzirwa zvakafanana.

Chii vari Developers kushanda?

zvakakwana Modern bionic prosthetic ruoko kuita kufamba zvakanaka, asi munhu haagamuchiri kwavari nezvekufadza avo, iyo inoshandiswa. Saka prosthesis inogona stroked bvudzi kwevanhu, asi hamugoni kunzwa ushamwari uye softness bvudzi yomusoro ganda. Kureva kuparadzwa kushaikwa ichi nemasayendisiti nhasi. Nyanzvi akadzidza splice mapfupa chete titanium, uye sensors anonzwa kufamba uye chokuita zvakananga ane mhenyu tsinga. Saka bionic ruoko zvakazara unotsiva nacho, uye munhu anogamuchira tactile inofambiswa, iro rave kunyimwa kwemakore akawanda. Direct kubatana kwakaita tsinga uye tsandanyama ane waishandiswa mudziyo anowedzera zvikuru kumhanya kufamba, ikasara pedyo yepanyama.

Zvinotaurwa zvinoumba bionic gumbo?

Modern bionic gumbo prosthesis rinosanganisira mashoma fanira okunze, yakadai se:

• silicone cuff pamwe Integrated sensors;
• rutsigiro - titanium tsvimbo ichiratidzika tibia;
• mikrodvizhkami hinji module uye processor;
• Chakagadzirwa njere chikwata kurongedza zvose kuuya anonongedzera.

Achangobuda yemashoko dentures vaitungamirira makambani German vane chinokosha unhani, chakafanana zvikuru ganda. Chakaita zvokugadzirwa nedehwe ane hunyambiri chinangwa: kudzivirira prosthesis zvinoumba kubva unyoro uye anoita basa zvizorwa. The prosthesis zvemapuranga hazvigoni kubviswa, achitora naye kugeza uye vafambe puddles.

With zvishoma fungidziro

Nhasi, kurarama panyika ino nesu vanhu vashoma vane 2 kana kunyange 3 bionic prosthesis panguva imwe chete. Yakaitwa chakaita zvokugadzirwa dehwe anochinja kuomarara. Yakaitwa exoskeletons kubatsira akaremara vanhu kufamba. Dzakabudirira zvigadzirwa, kudzora pfungwa. Kuedza zvinoitiswa richikura tsinga mu microchannels. Tichingotarisa, zuva riri pedo kana zvichiita kukura tsinga achida kureba. Masayendisiti ari kuedza usapfuura mutsetse pakati dzomusango uye michina mudziyo. Kuwanda kufamba akaita bionic prostheses, kunoramba kuwedzera, uye avo kunzwisisa inowedzerawo.

izvi zvose anopa tariro huru kuti vanhu vachava nesimba pane chirwere.

Prosthetic Mbabvu anova nepurogiramu muitiro unodzokera munhu dzose. Inogona kusvika zuva apo chero chikamu womunhu muviri inogona kutsiviwa chokunyepera. Kanenge, uchida kuzvitenda.