Bhajeti mitemo - nayo ... The musimboti fiscal mitemo

Munguva kuitwa nehurumende zvekushandisa uye kwemari zvinhu 2013 uye kuronga nguva 2014-2015. nokushingaira akakurukura vanonzi mitemo fiscal. Waiva chirongwa-refu kuti kushandisa mafuta uye gasi zveminda. Kudiwa nayo nokuda mukuru kuvimba purofiti kubva zvinhu.

Musimboti fiscal mitemo

The pfungwa pakatanga purogiramu iri chokwadi kuti bhuku huripo ehurumende sungiro, mari, uye kwenguva refu mari zvirongwa zvakanga isingasviki mumakore apfuura, hwakasungirirwa mamiriro mutengo mafuta. Budget anotonga - chaizvoizvo mberi sungano iri mitemo mari zvainanga kuchengetedza nevasori kuti mutengo nokufamba.

Chakakoshera mubvunzo

MuRussia mune zvakasiyana fiscal bhajeti mitemo. Izvi, somuenzaniso, hukuru pamusoro dziine mamwe mitero. Vanongoda kuti kumatunhu uye makanzuru. chikwereti muganhu tsika kuvapowo, hurumende dhefisiti, uye zvichingodaro. New bhajeti mitemo maererano mafuta Pricing muna 2012 hwakonzera kukurukurwa. Chokwadi chokuti voruzhinji mari vane zvakakwana simba uye ngozi kuvimba mafuta uye gasi mari. Kuitwa hurongwa hutsva kuonekwa muchisarudzo chikuru nokuda Russian zvemari maitiro uye kunopindirana zvoupfumi. Bhajeti mitemo - nzira iyo akatangira pagore kubvisa nechokwadi iyo kazhinji yakakanganiswa ndezvipi kuisa mberi nokukura mutengo mafuta mugore rinouya. Kudiwa purogiramu nokuti kuti yeUnited zvemari mari hafu zveminda kuvimba achikanganisa mbishi zvinhu.

Specificity

Nokuti 2013 mu kuumbwa mitemo zvemari uye kuronga nguva maviri akatevera ari inokosha zvinangwa kunge dzateyiwa. Vakanzi akagadzira muna chirevo President, asi Concept refu socio-zvoupfumi munyika kusvika 2020-ndipo. Mukuwedzera, nechepasi akava mukuru zvokudya kusimuka Budget Mharidzo President. Rakanga kurongwa kuti mumakore 2013-2015-. mabasa ose socio-zvoupfumi zvichabviswa kugadziriswa maererano kukoshesa nechokwadi macroeconomic isimbe, kuenderera uye kwenguva refu pakuenzanisa mari ichaita. Yaifanira kuderedza kuvimba kwayo pamusoro ezvoupfumi dzavatorwa.

Huru zvitarisirwa

Huru mabasa kuti kugadziriswa nokushandiswa nemitemo bhajeti ndizvidavirire muri:

1. Kusimbisa macroeconomic kugadzikana uye kuenderera mari ino.
2. Kuva zano nokuti nguva kusvikira 2030 wokutanga.
3. Kushara parameters maererano iyo budiriro achava mudyandigere hurongwa.
4. Kusika zvinhu nokuda urongwa uhwu ruzhinji mabasa yevagari.
5. Planning and Implementation rutsva padanho Kugadzirwa neIntergovernmental fiscal mukukurukurirana.
6. Kuchengeta mamiriro achigadzirira uye Implementation of Federal Mutemo pamusoro bhajeti nokuda 2014-2016 biennium. ari-software format.
7. Kusimudzira Operation ehurumende sungiro uye yesangano iri Russian Federation.
8. Nechokwadi kubudirana pachena uye pachena kuti bhajeti kwacho.

General zvechadenga zvokudya

Kusimbisa macroeconomic kugadzikana uye zvemari kugadzikana rinotema fiscal mitemo. Izvi zvichaita kuti:

• Kuderedza kutsamira wegadziriro pamusoro volatility zvenyika musika simba mitengo.
• Wedzerai kururama kufungidzira pakupedzisira.
• Kuti vaunze runodiwa Vhoriyamu dzinozvitonga mari reRussia.

Kuitwa nemitemo richiswedera kukwira bhajeti pfungwa kunosanganisira govera kune kuchengeterwa mari yemuraudzo mafuta uye gasi zveminda nokuwedzera mujinga achikanganisa mbishi zvinhu. Focus zvinoreva akanga pfungwa kutakura pamberi kusvika mureza nhamba 7% kubva GDP. Kana kushurudzira mutengo mafuta richava yakaderera pane nechigadziko, ipapo kufukidza pasi bhajeti dhefisiti, kuitika nokuda rutapudzo mari, vachaitwa kubva zvinongoerekana Fund. Kamwe wasvika chitsama normative ukoshi pamwe uwandu mamwe kwemari kubva mafuta uye gasi maindasitiri muna Changamire Wealth Fund. Vamwe mari izvi anogona kushandiswa mari kwezvivako nezvimwe kukoshesa zvirongwa kuti urege kuti RF mitoro.

Zvinoumba Kuziva

Bhajeti mitemo anopa inoverengeka kubatanidzwa zvokudya. In zvikuru:

1. The shoma Mari yeUnited mari hazvifaniri kupfuura kuwanda mari panguva inokosha mutengo pane 1% kubva GDP.
2. Yaipedzerwa vakaronga mari kuuya fiscal gore haagoni kuva zvishoma pane kutenderwa Federal Mutemo nokuti akakodzera indekisi zvemari kumwedzi. Kana asina kufungwa conventionally kushandisa kurasikirwa.
3. Vose Vhoriyamu vakaronga zvekushandisa rokutanga gore pasina nguva kuuya conditionally vanotenderwa mutengo ukoshi 2,5% pamusoro hazvigoneki kuvatumwa unoenderana vanotenderwa FL kumwedzi.

mashandiro chiito

Kana avhareji yegore negore mafuta mutengo mumakore 3 years, kusanganisira ano mumwe, rakavambwa pamwero usingabereki kusapfuudza nechepasi mutengo, paumbwe rokupedzisira bhajeti rinowanikwa kubva avhareji mutengo kwenguva yakati kwemakore matatu. Kunakisa zano iri, pakati vamwe, kuti kudzivirirwa achiumbwa kubva kunge kumanikidzwa chikuru ukoshi (zvose panguva Kudzikamiswa Fund). Pakuenzanisa Reserve Fund pakupera 2008 vakasvika 9.8% kubva GDP, pakazopera gore rinouya - 4.7%, 2010 - 1,7%. Mari muna 2009 akanga 3 tiririyoni rubles. Munguva yose nguva kuvapo Reserve Fund vakachengeta kuoneka nokufamba ari chikamu GDP tichitarisa wekupedzisira dambudziko. Panguva iyo kwaiva kwenguva refu ichidonhedzera mitengo mafuta tichienzanisa yapfuura makore yainge nyika.

Kanzura fiscal utongi

Vanoverengeka nyanzvi vachida kuramba vakagamuchirwa chirongwa. The nharo akaisa mberi nokufungidzira kwokuti nokuwedzera panogumira bhajeti dhefisiti iri mari yebongozozo ichi richaperera pamusoro mari iri upfumi. Maererano Economic Development, chichagamuchirwa yekudyidzana kunowedzera kukura mwero panguva kusvetuka muna 2015 dhefisiti kubva 1% kusvika 1.5 GDP (400 bln.). The 2014 Nhamba pasina mitemo kwaizova 1,1% pachinzvimbo 0.5% vanofungidzirwa. Ivepo asi kwadzinoita inokanganisa kwete chete pamusoro mubhizimisi kukura National upfumi, asiwo paumbwe evanhu zvoupenyu ehurumende. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti kuchinjwa zviwanikwa nemashoko mari (kuunganidza mari munyika isiri chikwereti nokubatira bepa iri wamambo mari) hakusi Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri. Mari kuti kukura vayo kwezvivako, bhizimisi iri kugadzira zvivako (paumbwe zvinhu reserves) kuumba akasiyana National upfumi hurongwa.

Munguva dzenhamo, maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, kuvandudza uye Siyanisai zvoupfumi hwavo kupfuura chikwereti wokumwe uye kungada mari zvikuru vashoma kuramba.

Yaitaurwa achitsigira chirongwa

Somumwe guru zvakanakira mutemo fiscal nepakudiwa kugadzirira nokuda kwenguva refu mafuta musika pakugumburwa mitengo. Chirongwa vanofanira kubvumira kuti vapiwa chinja fiscal mutemo munguva kuderera kana kunonoka kuwedzera mari mbishi zvinhu. Chimwe chikuru zvinangwa zvayo Implementation zvinoshanda kuitira macroeconomic isimbe, uye ayo yokudzokorora kungava kunaka chiratidzo nokuda makambani. Pakutanga racho purogiramu dzakawanda dzakasarudza kuti vakagamuchirwa dzakawanda mitemo pamusoro budgetary masangano. Zvisinei, hapana zvakafanana chirongwa asina navo.