Automotive concern Volkswagen

Volkswagen inozivikanwa pasi rese. Iyi ndiyo chokwadi boka guru rekambani inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemotokari. Kambani yevabereki (kana, sezvavanotaura, kambani yemubereki) iri muWolfsburg uye inozivikanwa seVolkswagen AG. Zvakanaka, uku kunetseka kune nhoroondo yakareba uye yakareba uye yakawanda inofadza. Saka zvakakosha kutaura pamusoro pazvo zvakadzama.

"Porsche" uye "Volkswagen"

Saka, mahofisi makuru ezvinetso izvi ari muGermany, muWolfsburg. Iyo kambani yakanzi "Volkswagen", iyo iri muchiGerman inoreva "motokari yevanhu". Kusvika iye zvino, inenge hafu yezvikamu ndeyekambani inobata sePorsche SE. Asi kunyange zvakadaro Volkswagen inoshandisa zvikamu zana kubva muzana zvezviito zvezviitiko zvekubata pakati, iyo inonzi Porsche Zwischenholding GmbH. Muzhinji, chaizvoizvo, "Porsche" - muchina unobereka "Volkswagen". Kusvika iye zvino, makambani ekufambisa ari kutaurirana kuzobatanidza makambani mune imwe sarudzo, iyo inogona kunzi VW-Porsche. Zvinonakidzawo kuti Martin Winterkorn (unhu hunonyatsozivikanwa hwemotokari yenyika) kusvika munaSeptember 2015 wakashanda sachigaro webhodhi yeVolkswagen nePorsche.

Asi hazvisi zvose. Kusvika iye zvino, Volkswagen Group inosanganisira 342 makambani anogadzira motokari uye anopa mazano ane chokuita nenharaunda iyi. Ndiyo mhando yakakura yemagetsi munyika. Uye zvechokwadi, mutungamiriri asingafungidziki wemusika wemotokari kuEurope. 25% yemotokari inofamba mumigwagwa yekondinendi inobudiswa neVolkswagen.

Nezvemhau

Kuvhiringidza Volkswagen inotanga nhoroondo yacho muna 1937. Muvambi wekambani iyi Ferinand Porsche. Ndiye iye akasika izvo zvinonzi Sosaiti yekugadzirira kweVolkswagen MBH. Uye muna 1938 vakatanga kuvaka chivako chekutanga cheVolkswagen. Zvechokwadi, yakanga iri muWolfsburg. Mukuwedzera kumakambani emotokari, muti wacho wakabatanidzwa mune rimwe rimwe basa. Concern Volkswagen AG yakabva yapa magwaro uye mari. Uye kunze kweizvozvo, ndaiva nekambani yezvokudya.

Muma 90s kambani yakatanga kutarisana nematambudziko makuru. Matambudziko makuru emari akaonekwa. Asi nekuda kwemaitiro ekutengeserana aFerdinand Piech, mutungamiriri wematambudziko, zvose zvakanga zvakanaka. Ichokwadi, murume uyu akaponesa Volkswagen. Kuzvidya mwoyo kwakashandurwa kune rimwe remavhiki mana anoshanda, yakatanga kutevera mutemo unonyangadza uye yakatanga kukura zvakanyanya nokukurumidza. Pakupedzisira, kambani yakakwanisa kuwana nhamba yakawanda yezvikwata zvakakurumbira.

Rolls-Royce uye Suzuki

Kubva muna 1998 kusvika muna 2002, Volkswagen motokari inofunganya yakabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemichina yakadai saRolls-Royce. Vanhu ava vose vanoziva nezvezvinhu izvi zvinotapira, kunyange avo vasingazivi nemotokari yenyika. Iyi nyaya inofadza chaizvo. Kuparadzaniswa kweboka "Volkswagen Bentley" kwakabatanidzwa pakugadzirwa kwemichina iyi nekubvumirana neimwe ikambani - BMW. Sei? Asi nekuda kwekuti Munich yakatengesa kubva pakunetseka kwakadai saVickers, kodzero dzechiratidzo ichi. Uye kubva muna 2003, chete "BMW" ine kodzero yekugadzira nekugadzira motokari ine chiratidzo chekufananidzira "Rolls-Royce".

Muna 2009, Volkswagen Group yakatora danho rinopfuurira - rakapinda mubvumirano nekambani yakadai se Suzuki. Makambani akashandura migove (vaGermany vanogadzira vakawana 20% zvekuchengetedzwa kweSukato) uye vakaita chiziviso chekugoverana kwezvimwe zvinonzi maitiro emagetsi. Asi muna 2011 sangano rakaparadzana, sezvakaziviswa kunyika.

Dambudziko re 2015

MunaSeptember yegore rino, 2015, kupesana kwenyika yose kwakapoteredza Volkswagen. Kunetseka kwakapomerwa nechokuita kuti purogiramu iyo vashandisi vakashandisa mumakombiyuta ari mukati, iyo yavanosunungura, vakatora imwe nguva inokosha. Izvozvi, mumashini iyo mishonga inoshanda - muneiyo inowanzo kana iri muedzo. Iyi purogiramu yakatorwa mumotokari dzine magetsi emagetsi. Kusanganisira VW Jetta, Audi A3, Golf, Passat, Beetle. Apo kuedza kwakatanga, motokari yacho inoshandura kune imwe nzvimbo yakasununguka yemamiriro ekushanda. Yakangwara zvikuru uye inofungisisa, ndinofanira kutaura. Zvisinei, izvi zvakaitika kuti kunetseka kwedambudziko guru uye mari yemari.

Sangano re Environmental Protection Agency rakati kune makedheni ose asingateereri maonero eUnited States, kambani ichabhadhara chikwereti chakasvika madhora 37.5 zviuru. Icho chinotarisa chikafu chinoshamisa. Mushure mekunge 2008, kunetseka kwakatengesa motokari 482,000. Uye iyo yose yemari yemari inogona kusvika kune chiyero che18 biliyoni! Kusvika iye zvino, hafu yemamiriyoni emotokari dzayo akayeuka kubva kuUnited States. Izvi zvakare kurasikirwa. Sachigaro wekambani Martin Winterkorn mushure mokunge chiitiko ichi chiunza hurombo hwepachena uye akati aizonyatsotsigira kuongorora. Nenzira iyo, iyo Ministry of Transport yeGermany inobata nayo . Mushure mezvo, Martin akasiya basa mushure memakore gumi chete, akashanda muVolkswagen.

Makambani akawanikwa kusvikira mugore ra2000

Saka zvakakosha kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvinosanganiswa neVolkswagen. Zvinonzwisisika, chikamu chazvo - iyo Volkswagen kambani, iyo inobudisa motokari. Imwe yacho haina kubhadharwa se "mwanasikana" wekambani yemubereki, asi iri kupatsana zvakananga kune vatungamiri veVW AG.

Muna 1964, kambani ye "Audi" yakawedzerwa kune chimiro ichi. Yakatengwa kubva kuna Daimler-Benz. Kutevera pashure pe Audi kwakave yakasimba zvakadaro, sa NSU Motorenwerke. Akatengwa muna 1969. Ichi chakanga chisina kushandiswa sechiratidzo chekuzvimiririra kwenguva yakareba - kubvira muna 1977. Uye izvi zvisati zvaitika kambani yakabudisa motokari nemotokari.

Muna 1986, maGermany akabatana neSpanish brand Seat, iyo iripo kubva muna 1950. "Volkswagen" inokwana 99.99% yezvikamu zvekambani. Zvinyorwa zvinonakidza zvakatanga kuonekwa mushure mekuwedzera kweChigaro kune chimiro cheGermany. Somuenzaniso, SEAT Bocanegra ine injini ye-horse-180, iyo yakagadzirirwa neyanyanzvi veWadorghini.

Muna 1991, kambani yakagamuchira Czech Škoda, ndokubva yadzokera kuVotori Commercial Vehicles. Iyi kambani yaimbova chikamu cheVW AG, asi muna 1995 yakava marita akazvimiririra. Kana kuti, chikwata chacho. "Bentley", "Bugatti", "Lamborghini" - mazita aya anozivikanwa kuti anogara pasi pose. Uye izvi ndizvo zvinokonzerwa neVolkswagen kubvira muna 1998. Gore iroro rakashamiswa nekasimba. Mushure mezvose, mishonga idzi inoonekwa seimwe yeiyo yakakurumbira, inozivikanwa uye inotengwa nevanhu.

Makambani akawanikwa pashure pe2000

Concern Volkswagen Group yakaramba ichiwana zvikamu uye kupfuura. Muna 2009, akatenga chikamu che 71% cheStania AB. Izvi zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemotokari, mabhazi, madori, motokari remataresi uye injini dzes diesel. Imwe kambani, MAN AG, yakatengwa muna 2011, inobudisa zvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa, pamwe chete nehuwandu hwemasimba ekuwedzera. VW AG ine mugove we55.9% mukambani.

Ducati Motor Inobata SpA uye ItalDesign Giugiaro vamwe vaviri vanogadzira zvigadzirwa neVolkswagen. Makambani ekutanga makambani akanyorwa ndeumwe wevatungamiri vanofambisa zvemotokari dzepa premium kirasi. Uye yechipiri - studio, yakabatanidzwa mumagetsi emotokari. Zvinonakidza kuti 90% yezvikamu zvekambani iyi zvakatengwa ne Lamborghini Holding muna 2010. Saka "Volkswagen" uye ndizvo zvaive muridzi we studio, asi mushure mokunge mabhadharo ezvinyorwa zvakare avewo muridzi wepamutemo.

Uye imwezve inofadza mashoko. VW AG muna 2013 yakawana chiziviso cheRussia Aleko (chaiva pasi peT TM kwenguva yakati chakatengesa zvakadhura mashoma "Muscovites"). Kodzero yekushandisa chiziviso ichi uye chero zviratidzo ndeyekuda kweGermany kusvika muna 2021.

Nhau dzemari

Muna 1991, muna March, kuitira kuti kuve nekugadzirisa sangano rehurongwa, kushungurudzika kweGermany kwakasarudza kugadzira kupatsanurwa kwemukati kunogona kutarisana nedambudziko rezvemari. Yakanzi Volkswagen Finanz. Muna 1994, yakava kambani yakavhara-joint stock. Iri sangano rebhangi uye rezvemari rinowana kukwanisa kwakakwana kumisika yemari yepasi pose, pamwe chete nemukana wekubhadhara pamashoko akanaka kwazvo. Ichi chikwata chinosangana nezvinhu zvinokosha. Semuenzaniso, kubhadhara mari yekuvandudza, kugadzirwa uye kutenga kwemichina yevashandi pamwe nevamwe. Uyewo inopa mabhengi, kubhadhara uye inishuwarenzi kune avo vanhu. Muzvizhinji, mabasa anobatsira uye, kunyanya kukosha kune kambani, inobatsira.

Nezve purofiti

Uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinonakidza pakupedzisira. Muna 2010, VW AG yakapa mari yakawanda, iyo inosvika 57.243 mabhiriyoni ema euro! Asi pamusoro peizvi zvose, purogiramu yakazara yaingova 1.55 mabhiriyoni chete. Inoita sediki kana ichienzaniswa nemari. Zvisinei, chokwadi, iyi mari yakawanda. Mushure mezvose, zvose zvinoshandiswa kuenda kune makambani anenge 350 zvinotorwa. Nokuti zvipo zvacho zvakasimba chaizvo. Nokudaro, chokwadi chekuti Volkswagen ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, kfumi uye inozivikanwa kambani haishamisi.