Austerity - ichi kuzvidzora nezviito uye mafungiro

Kuzvinyima (kana sakaremende) - mararamiro, izvo zvinogona kuzivikanwa pakuzvinyima mafaro enyika uye siyana neblagonravnyh zviito. Kazhinji kushandisa nayo kuitira kuzadzisa chero zvinangwa zvechitendero, asi chitendero chaunopinda chaicho hachisi chinhu chinodiwa. Vazhinji tsika yokunamata (akadai chiBuddha, chiJain, chiKristu pustynnichestvo) zvinosanganisira tsika zvehurumende zviito muviri, matauriro uye pfungwa. The havaoni uye vateveri dzidziso idzi dzechitendero akatungamirira upenyu nyore chaizvo, nokurega nyama mafaro uye kuunganidza zvinhu zvenyika. Kuzvinyima - ndiwo mafungiro uye chiito, iyo dzaiitwa kwete kuramba mafaro oupenyu, uye kwete nokuti iro pacharo akanaka, asi nekuda zvokunyama utano.

Wemagariro evanhu uye zvepfungwa yekuti kufara

The nyanzvi yokuGermany Maks Veber akaita musiyano austerity "kunze nyika" uye "nyika", iro rakashandurirwa Chirungu se "renunciation" uye "yepano panyika" kunakidzwa, ukuwo. Full vazviomesere kunoitwa nevanhu kusiya muvanhu pfungwa pakunamata kwavo (ichi chinoenderana nenzanga mamongi vose, uye vakasurukirwa vanozvinyima). "Hwenyika" vanozvinyima munyori anodana avo vanoita kuzvidzora ruchiratidzwa pasina kusiya nzvimbo dzavo dzose. Muzana remakore rechi20 kwepfungwa American uye theorist David McClelland akataura kuti pasi kwomuzvarirwo mamiriro ezvinhu austerity - mararamiro, kunangana mafaro, kukuvhiringidza murume wake guru, asi kubvumira avo mafaro izvo havapindiri naye.

Echitendero uye enyika chido

Practice kuzvidzora hunhu zvose echitendero uye enyika vanhu. Somuenzaniso, maererano chido zvokunamata munhu anogona nenzara kuramba bonde uye kushandisa dzimwe nzira kuzvinyima kuti vawane ruzivo uye kuva pedyo chokuita chinhu wokuzvipira. Hwenyika vazviomesere - ndiwo mararamiro kuti anogona kuitwa kuti dzakasiyana-siyana nezvimwe zvinangwa zvaioneka kana chisingaoneki: unoshamisa muenzaniso - the Spartans vanochengeta muchinyatsochenjerera chirango vachigadzirira kurwa.

Mienzaniso rokunyika austerity

• Man waanodzikisira kwavo vapenyu mari vaine maonero kupa nguva yakawanda kuti okugadzira zvinhu.
• nyanzvi dzokumhanya zhinji varege bonde, zara mafuta zvokudya uye zvimwe mafaro pamberi makwikwi zvinokosha kugadzirira nokuti mupfungwa nomumuviri.
• Pakuzvinyima doro, fodya, zvinodhaka uye unzenza ndiyo chikamu dzematongerwe vamwe subcultures.
• Munhu anogona kutungamirira munhu anozviramba upenyu nokuda zuva, mwedzi kana mumwe nguva sezvo nomuedzo kwedu.
• Dzimwe mhando okufungisisa tsika nokuda laypeople vanoti kurega mumuviri maitiro, matauriro, uye pfungwa.
• Hwokuzvinyima upenyu imwe nguva angava mutero kuna tsika Somuenzaniso, kuenda kurangarirwa yemadzitateguru avo nokutambura zvakaoma.
• Kuramba zvokudya uye zvinokosha ndiyo chikamu nzara ranwa.
• Vakadzi austerity, zvichiratidza anochengeta mumuviri uye upenyu hwakanaka mupfungwa, vaitwe ashandiswe pavaigadzirira pamuviri.