Aripiko Mordovia chengetedza? Mordovia State dzinongoitika chengetedza navo. P. G. Smidovicha: kare, tsananguro, Photo

Munyaya ino, tinoda kukuudza pamusoro Mordovian chengetedza. It riri muruwa Temnikov Mordovia, ari mapazi ose Deciduous uye nemasango coniferous, uye dondo, pamahombekombe erwizi Moksha. The zvachose nzvimbo kuchengeterwa kunopfuura-matatu nezviviri hectares nyika.

Kubva munhoroondo chengetedza

Mordovia kuchengetera navo. P. G. Smidovicha yakatangwa March 1936, uye zita racho rakapiwa chokuremekedza hurumende mushandi panguva, uyo akashanda ari kuchengetedza munyika.

The chokutanga chokutanga chaiva kusikwa kuchengeterwa dondo hwevanhu kudzorerwa kunetsekana akagerwa uye kupiswa nomoto. Muna 1938, miti taiga mapazi akarasikirwa zvuru zviviri maeka miti. Panguva ino pane kutamburira pakuchengetedza rwokuzvarwa serakavakwa mudunhu.

Mordovia kuchengetera navo. P. G. Smidovicha uye yakapoteredza zvine nhoroondo sezvivako zhinji. Somuenzaniso, pano unogona kuwana nzvimbo yevanhu uye kunyange kupaka neolithic. In nemanomwe - wamakumi maviri emakore, rwezasi-kumabvazuva chikamu Murom masango enzvimbo wemamongi, vashumiri vari kuedza kuchengetedza uye vawedzere dondo mari. Vakavaka chaiwo inoerera kuti zvikasabudiswa wetlands. Vakasara basa ravo akachengetedzwa kuti mazuva edu.

Munguva kuchengeterwa pane kugara Kuongorora mamiriro ari rarest mhando kasvisto pamusoro wakaiswa chizvidavirire platforms.

Area yaidzivirira mapazi

Mordovia State Reserve ainzi. P. G. Smidovicha iri kurudyi kumahombekombe Moksha. Muganhu kuchamhembe chikamu kuchengetedzwa mapazi Anomhanyira Satis, inova rechibharo pakati Moksha. Muganhu wokumavirira iri delineated rwizi Black, Moksha uye Satis. Kurutivi rwezasi kuenda apa inowanzorimwa, izvo sezvingatarisirwa delineates miganhu kuchengetedzwa nyika. Zvakaratidza kuti mumasango ari kuchengeterwa yaisanganisira ari mapazi masango coniferous uye Deciduous riri pamuganhu yomudondo-inowanzorimwa.

Kana mamiriro okunze, dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo anopinda Atlantic-Continental nharaunda. The chando-isina nguva mugore iri mazuva 135. tembiricha Subzero kunotanga muna November. tembiricha Maximum zvasvika pano kudziya makumi mana madhigirii, uye shoma muchando kuna - 48 inegumi.

mvura hurongwa

The mvura gadziriro inochengetedzwa nyika chinomiririrwa nenzizi Big uye Small Black, Pashto uye Argoy. Pane nenzizi kupinda Moksha. Vose vane vabati vechibharo dzavo. Zvisinei, zvimwe chikamu rwizi nokuomesa muzhizha. Summer mvura kuvabatsira pamusoro mvura pamwero munzizi. Chete madzvotsvotsvo aigona kutungamirira nokuwedzera mumvura pamwero enzizi. Vazhinji kuchengeterwa - a catchment nzvimbo Pusta River. In kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, pane nyanza, uye vakawanda vavo, vanenge maviri dhazeni. Kune guru uye mupfupi.

Flora chengetedza

Reserve Mordvinian yakafukidzirwa dondo. Hafu yavo - mupaini. Asi kumabvazuva uye vokumadokero zvikamu Birch inodzorwa maturakiti nechepakati tsime - phony. Mune floodplain erwizi yemiouki vanokura Moksha, makore zana nemakumi mana - makore zana nemakumi mashanu. Dzimwe nguva pane zvimwe Hofori yekare, uyo zera rinosvika makore mazana matatu.

The kuchengeterwa panozosvika chinomiririrwa 788 mhando vascular zvinomera uye 73 mhando Moss. Vakawanda mhando zvinomera - subtaiga (chiedza coniferous) mumasango siyana. Zvakananga kuti nharaunda yacho nemipaini-nemiouki uye mupaini-Linden masango. Hwevhu uye inopa siyana masango. Pano unogona kuona yakaoma lichen nemipaini masango, uye mbishi spruce, alder uye yemishambangwena.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti Mordovia kuchengeterwa (mufananidzo rakapiwa munyaya) yachengetwa munharaunda yayo yakawanda masango yavo yepanyama ezvinhu. masango Pine kudzora. miganhu zvakajeka pakati masango zvipenyu ikoko.

Flora akadzivirira mapazi

Muna 1930, Mordovia kuchengeterwa nokuda Smidovich mubasa Implementation kuti kupinza dzinowanika munzvimbo kudzivirirwa. Saka mudziva akasunungurwa muskrat, mavara nondo, akarwira kubva Maritime, nharaunda iyo midzi kwete chete muzvikamu izvi, asi vava zvakajairika mazuva munharaunda, uye kupfuura vakawanda vamiririri ungulates. Of Voronezh nharaunda uye Kherson (Askania Nova) vakaunzwa pano nondo. Muna 1940 akatanga nondo. Gare gare akabudisa bison uye bison vhudzi Ukrainian mombe. Kunyange akasika chaiyo zubropark, iyo iripo kusvikira 1979. Zvinosuruvarisa mamwe basa rakanga rakamira, zubropark vaparadzwa, uye mhuka pachavo vakatumira vakasununguka pokugara.

Kudzorerwa Beaver vemo

Kwemakore, Mordovia State Reserve ainzi Smidovich akadzorera vachiparadzwa zvinenge zvakazara nokuwanda beavers. Basa chakatangwa mukupera thirties. Zvino Moksha River Basin beavers vava kwazvo vawanda.

vanhu vasere vakanga akatuma zvimwe Resettlement muna Mordovia, Ryazan, Arkhangelsk, Vologda uye Tomsk kumatunhu.

Beavers - mhuka dzinonakidza zvikuru. Nokuti zvadzinofura uye kuvaka, ivo vakatema miti. Kutsenga manyoro, uye ipapo zviparadzanise dhiramu kupinda dzakasiyana. Fungidzira kuti vanogona kugogodza pasi chinhu Aspen kwemaminitsi anenge mashanu. A masendimita makumi mana dhayamita muti cheka ichinanaira usiku hwose. Pakazosvika mangwanani pashure zvavo kushingaira basa anoramba ari chigutsa asi murwi sawdust chete. Beavers kuruma, akamira namakumbo ake hadzi, uye navamwe pamwe muswe. pashaya dzavo vanoshanda akafanana saha. Self-arodzwe meno kwemhuka, uye saka nguva dzose gara inopinza.

Matavi kubva yadonha muti beavers zvishoma kudya pachivara, uye vamwe aiyangarara pamusoro rwizi yekurara yako kana kuti nzvimbo vachavaka dhamu itsva. Dzimwe nguva mhuka kunyange kuchera migero kuti kushumira kuendesa zvokudya. Kureba mugero kwakadaro kunogona kusvika mashomanana zana metres, vaifanira kufara ndiko masendimita mashanu. Kusimba mune iyi rinosvika mumwe mita.

Beavers vanogara burrows that, kana inonzi rakateurwa. Wokupinda imba yavo nguva dzose pasi mvura. Nora mhuka muungwanda nemabhengi. Ndivo kunzwisisa labyrinth gadziriro rine ina kana shanu napo. Walls uye uriri beavers vanyatsohuongorora kurapwa. Kazhinji dzokugara pacharo riri kudzika rimwe meter, ine upamhi mumwe mita uye kukwirira mashanu masendimita. Mhuka funga kuburikidza dzimba kuitira kuti kukwirira mapuriro mumba masendimita makumi maviri pamusoro mvura. Kana pakarepo mvura pamwero murwizi rinobuda uye Beaver pakarepo zvinomutsa uriri, tichibvisa chivako zvinhu kubva pasirin'i.

Unogara mhuka kuvaka munzvimbo idzodzo umo hamugoni kuchera gomba. Uyu yakaderera marshy kumhenderekedzo kana shallows. Madziro eimba dzikanamwa silt kana nevhu, zvinova simba uye dzisingambosvikiki chero chinorura. Air anopinda kari kuburikidza pasirin'i. Mukati pane yakawanda unotii. Pakatanga mhuka kuchitonhora insulated musha wako yechando zvose uye anoramba razero tembiricha. Simbe nemvura kumbobvira yaita chando, saka beavers vanogona nguva dzose kuenda pasi aizi yacho mudhamu. Munguva chakakomba frosts pamusoro kari unogona kuona chiutsi. Rinoti imba iri inogarwa. Dzimwe kugarwa hwemhuka panguva imwe nhengo burrows that vadzimu. Unofungei, nei beavers kuvaka madhamu? Ndicho nyore chaizvo. Ivo, kunyange guru, asi nemakonzo. Vane zvakawanda vavengi: bere, mhumhi, wolverine, yokuSpain. Kuti vavengi usaswedera kwavari, unofanira kukangaidza pamukova. Beaver hakuna chipingamupinyi, uye zvikara pamberi hazvizorevi kusvika. Zvisinei, nguva dzose, kurarama mumvura, mhuka idzi asingagoni.

Lynx muna Mordovia chengetedza

The kuchengeterwa ane akadzivirirwa mhuka yokuSpain ndohwavo. Zvinonzi pari taitarisira kuwedzera kwenhamba mhuka iyi. Maererano nomudonzvo, izvi imhaka yokuti gore rino pane kuwedzera zvavo zvinokosha korma- tsuro.

Mukuwedzera, vatsvakurudzi kunyora kuwedzera uwandu hwevanhu uye nedzimwe mhuka dzakadai squirrels uye makwapa nondo. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mumakore achangopfuura yakawedzera nhamba squirrels, nondo, makava, Martens. Data zvose izvi avapo kuburikidza nzira kunyoresa, izvo zvinoita kuti chamber kuchinja kwenhamba vamwe vanhu.

Kazhinji trot - rakanaka chaizvo uye akaomarara mhuka kuti chiratidzo Reserve. Mordovia dzinongoitika kuchengeterwa kokutanga akawana yokuSpain muna March 1941 panogasa hwake. Zvadaro muna 1942, vavhimi vakauraya vanhu vatatu chete (yaiva munhukadzi uye mbiri yokuSpain muduku), uye gare gare - uye kunyange vanhurume vakura. Uye kubvira ipapo hakuna zvisaririra hwemhuka hachisisiri mune kwemakore matanhatu.

Yakanga chete muna 1949, Mordovia Reserve paaivatambudza recolonization trot.

mhuka iyi kunoratidzwa gobvu uye simba nomuviri, ane makumbo yakatanga chaizvo. Animal makushe akanaka uye gobvu. Hwema munhu yokuSpain haina zvikuru yakatanga, asi kunzwa uye zvakaratidzwa - kukuru. Kufanana katsi zvose, zviri zvikuru kukwira miti, zvinofamba chinyararire uye chinyararire, uye anoita achikwakuka kukuru dzokubudisa kana zvakakodzera. Kazhinji yokuSpain anodya hares uye dzimwe shiri (Grouse uye Grouse). Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva vanokwanisa kurwisa zvakatapwa yakakura kupfuura pacharo, kana vakaona kuti rinogona okuda. Nekuti rakanyorwawo zviitiko kurwisa nondo, nondo. The yokuSpain chinhu kuzvirotera muvhimi.

Runyerekupe ane kuti katsi vane simba chaizvo uye ropa, asi kutaura pamusoro kurwisa vanhu chaizvo kuwedzeredzwa. Kana mhuka asingadi kubata, saka ndiko pacharo musambozvidya wokutanga kurwisa. Lynx, nekusiyana, anoedza circumvent kurutivi kwevanhu.

Sezvineiwo, kare vakachengeta zvinoderedza uwandu mhando nekatsi dzemusango. Asi ikozvino vanhu saizi yakawedzera zvinooneka.

The mabasa basa chengetedza

Mordovia State Reserve ainzi P. G. Smidovicha anoita mabasa pakuchengetedza rwokuzvarwa mamiriro dzinongoitika zvivako (ounyanzvi hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu, moto uye zvimwe zviitiko), zviyero nokuti kudzivirirwa uye kuchengetedza masango, zviyero kuti ukabvisa moto, yokusimbisa nenharaunda zviratidzo uye ruzivo mapuranga.

To vashandi ari kuchengeterwa basa ndiko kuziva uye kudzivisa chero kutyorwa dzakachengetedzwa mapazi. Mordovia Reserve anoitisa kwezvakatipoteredza ruzivo kusanganisira nevadzidzi.

Uyezve, anoita zvesayenzi uye tsvakurudzo basa. Administration dzisina anoronga anodzidzisa eco ushanyi. Izvi chikuru pakusikwa inokosha zvipenyu mudungwe munzira pamwe nenzvimbo yokufaranuka vafambi.

Mordovia kuchengeterwa uye eco ushanyi

Chinangwa kuchengeterwa ndiye kuchengetedzwa uye enhancement pamusoro zviwanikwa, pane vakavanda kubva pameso nomwe dzevhudzi. Naizvozvo Reserve Mordovia ari vobatanidzwa kukura zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza ushanyi. Izvi anonyanya rwendo munyika itsva uye asingazivikanwi. Tours izvi Vakarongwa pristine mumasango kwevanhu zvishande uye dzidzo mabasa.

Sezvo chikamu Tourism ari kuchengeterwa kare dzatangwa zvipenyu nzira, kushandiswa kutandara zvivako, mueni nzvimbo uye vazhinji zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinhu. Zvisinei, mundima yeparutivi akavharwa, wake kushanya hakubvumidzwi. Asi akatungamirira Tours zvinogoneka, asi risati urongwa pamwe basa.

Sezvo 2013 Reserve rave kuva tourist opareta of Russian Federation. Vashanyi Its yarinopa sere zvirongwa zvakasiyana, Tours zvienderane nezvavanoda zvose:

1. "Kushanyira kuchengeterwa" - rimwe-zuva purogiramu rokuenda nechepakati papurazi uye Themed zviitiko.

2. "Kudzivirirwa Mordovia" - rimwe zuva anotungamirirwa kuratidzwa aine kushanya kune huru zvinokwezva zvenyika chengetedza.

3. rwendo kuti Cordon Inorsky. The-zuva nomwe kudii aine kushanya mudzimba dzemamongi, yevedza makwapa, uyewo wakabata anodzidzisa muzvirongwa uye zvirongwa.

4. rwendo kuti Cordon Pavlovsky. Five mazuva vakokwa kurarama mumikombe mudzimba, rambai nzendo, kushanyira dzemamongi uye Manor musha.

5. "The kosi yokupona musango." kwidza iri rakagadzirirwa kwemazuva mashanu pekugara uye zvokudya mumunda ezvinhu. Varayiridzi uchakudzidzisai zvinokosha yokupona musango, uye iwe kutarisira mukudzidzire makirasi.

6. "mhuka Our". A anonakidza rwendo munyika yose mhuka. Nhungamiri achasuma kuti upenyu shiri uye mhuka. Uyewo munguva yechando pazororo anogona kuchovha kwataita.

7. Family Tour. Rwendo iri rakagadzirirwa kwevhiki. Mumazuva maviri Hauzovi chete kushanyira kuzvivaraidza dzoga, asi wandei dzemamongi.

8. Tour "National Cuisine". Haugoni chete kunakidzwa runako kuchengetedzwa nyika, asi kuravidza ndiro norudzi chili.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Mordovia dzinongoitika chengetedza navo. Smidovich zvitoro uye anodzivirira pfuma zvakasikwa. Kana ukasarudza kushanyira uye vanakidzwe vemo runako, unogona kusarudza zvakakwana pachavo mumwe Tours masere zvaipiwa panguva. Zvakasiyana chaizvo uye vose pachavo angawana munhu akakodzera chisarudzo zvose. Tinokuropafadzai zororo rakanaka kubva muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye vanakidzwe vemo runako.