Alpine Kumbofungatira: zvichiumba unhu. Mountain Alpine Kumbofungatira

Alpine Kumbofungatira - panguva munhau paumbwe pasi goko. Munhambo ichi akaumba soro gomo hurongwa munyika - eHimalaya. Chii chinoratidzwa paraiitwa? Ndezvipi zvimwe makomo Alpine Kumbofungatira zviripo?

Kumbopeta pasi goko

In zvemaumbirwo, shoko "peta" chete chinoita kubva kwayo kwokutanga ukoshi. Rinoreva kuti goko mugove umo erudzi "yakaunyana". Kazhinji erudzi kunoitika muna chinjikira akaturikidzana. Vakadhakwa yomunyika pezvakaitwa paNyika nzvimbo yacho zvinogona kuchinjwa. Iye anokotama kana ari compressed nokuda pindana pedyo nzvimbo. Fani iyi inozivikanwa Kumbofungatira.

akapeta Zvivako zviri gogonera. Nguva pakuonekwa kwavo uye kukura vari zita maererano Geological epochs. Mukuru ndiye Archean. Iye kudzidza chimiro vachiri makore mabhiriyoni 1,6 akapfuura. Kubvira ipapo, vakawanda kwokunze dzinotsanagura yepasi akafunga kuita bani.

Mushure Archaean ipapo Baikal, Caledonian, Hercynian, Mesozoic orogeny. Chinonyanya zvichangobva ndiyo nguva Alpine Kumbofungatira. Munhoroondo paumbwe pasi goko nayo inoremekedzwa okupedzisira mamiriyoni 60 makore. zita yaitonga yakatanga zvakataurwa mune geologist French Marcel Bertrand muna 1886.

Alpine Kumbofungatira: ari mamirire nguva

Ichikosha inogona huviri nguva. In rokutanga panyika basa anooneka deflections. Zvishoma nezvishoma, vakazadzwa dhaka uye sediments. Kurera cortex vaiva vaduku uye nemakanzuru chaizvo. Danho rechipiri iri chaizvo. Various geodynamic pezvakaitwa vakabatsira kuti paumbwe kumakomo.

Alpine orogeny vakaumba ruzhinji makurusa hurongwa ano gomo, izvo zviri chikamu reMediterranean akapeta bhandi uye Pacific mhete kuputika. Nokudaro, Kumbofungatira nokuumba munzvimbo makuru maviri chete neeSultan gomo uye anoputika. Ndivo chikamu yomuduku pamakomo nyika uye yakasiyana okunze munyika dzine uye altitudes.

Paraiitwa haisati pamusoro, uye makomo kuramba yakabereka nhasi. Izvi runoratidzwa zvizivikanwe nemichina uye kuputika basa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana Earth. Akapeta nharaunda hakusi hwakasimba. Anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri kazhinji kwedzimwe pakadzika (semuenzaniso, kuti Fergana mupata), zvimwe akaumba gungwa (Black, reCaspian, Mediterranean).

Mediterranean mapazi

Downhill Alpine shangu maitiro kuti ndezvaJehovha Alpine-eHimalaya bhandi ruoko mu latitudinal divi. Vakanga voda chose akayambuka Eurasia. Kutanga muna North Africa, achipfuura Mediterranean, Black uye reCaspian makungwa, rinopfuurira mhiri eHimalaya pazvitsuwa Indonesia uye Indochina.

Mountain Alpine Kumbofungatira zvinosanganisira Apennines, Dinara, ivo Carpathians, Alps, muBalkans, ivo Atlas, kuCaucasus, Burma, eHimalaya, Pamir, uye zvichingodaro. D. Vose kusiyaniswa chimiro chavo uye kukwirira. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Mountains Carpathian - svikiro mukuru, vane mvere chimiro. Ivo akafukidzwa nemasango, nechomujinga uye Sub-Zvikwenzi zvinomera. Crimean makomo, kusiyana, pamawere uye matombo. Vafukidza kupfuura titenge inowanzorimwa uye inowanzorimwa uswa.

The soro gomo siyana - eHimalaya. Vane mukati nyika 7, kusanganisira Tibet. Mount akatambanudzira 2 400 makiromita pakureba, uye avo avhareji yakakwirira iri 6 makiromita. The yakakwirira iri Mount Everest aine kukwirira 8848 makiromita.

mhete Pacific remoto

Alpine Kumbofungatira uye chokuita inotungamirwa Pacific mhete moto. Zvinosanganisira anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye dzegirini kuti zviri pedyo navo. Zvayaiva pamusoro kuputika Pacific Ring mukomberedzo.

Vakafukidza Kamchatka, Kuril uye Japanese Islands, Philippines, Antarctica, New Zealand uye Papua New Guinea riri kumadokero. Kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva pegungwa, rinosanganisira eAndes Cordillera, kuti Aleutian Islands uye rezvitsuwa Tierra Del Fuego.

Zita "chindori moto", nharaunda iyi chakabereka nemhaka yokuti pane ruzhinji yepasi wacho anoputika. Anenge 330 vacho vanoshingaira. Uyezve kwemakomo mukati bhandi Pacific kunoitika mukuru nhamba kwepasi.

Chikamu mhete ndiyo wakarebesa gomo mamiriro yepasi - the Cordillera. Vanoyambuka kunyika 10 kuAmerica. Kureba pegomo siyana ndiyo 18 zviuru makiromita.