"Abramtsevo", miziyamu-bwedu: sei kuti ikoko, nzvimbo, wongororo

The miziyamu anogara kuwandisa. Abramtsevo Manor nhasi inzvimbo akakurumbira pakati Muscovites zuva rokuzorora. Ndima yayo riri yakaisvonaka miziyamu. Panguva tichiona zvakaoma, unogona kudzidza zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvinhu nezvenhoroondo Russian makanaka uye kuyemura yakaisvonaka hunhu kunze Moscow. How kusvika Museum "Abramtsevo" kubva Moscow uye kuti iwe unogona kuona, isu tsanangura munyaya ino.

History wemunda

The kutaura Manor rokutanga ndezvaJehovha XVI remakore. Zvino raiva musha kungova muridzi Volyn. Chinonyanya kukosha nguva nokuti musha akatanga muna 1843, apo yakava enzvimbo munyori S. T. Aksakovu.

Zvaaiva farira kukuchidzira wokuvhima uye hunhu, Sergey T. vanonzwa zvikuru wemunda. Iye akashanyirwa pamusoro kushanya N. V. Gogol uye I. S. Turgenev. Pakati pavo pakanga mutambi M. S. Schepkin uye wenhau MP Pogodin. In Abramtsevo Aksakov fruitfully zvakashanda. Pano akanyora "muzukuru Childhood Makore Bagrov kuti" vadikamwa mazhinji ane rungano pamusoro zvemashiripiti maruva tsvuku.

Wemunda Savvy Mamontova

Mushure munyori afa, munda nokukurumidza yakapararawo, uye muna 1870 venhaka yake vatengeswe Aksakov anozivikanwa industrialist S. I. Mamontovu. Savva pakarepo kuisa nezvokudzorerwa kwayo. Chokutanga wakagadzira imba, akavaka zvivako zvinoverengeka zvitsva zvokutengeserana. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti vakawanda vavo vari vakarasika nhasi.

Savva kufarira munhoroondo mifananidzo, mitambo uye mapurani. MuMoscow, imba yake yaiva nguva dzose azarurirwa vanhu vane unyanzvi uye zvakasikwa. mhuri Mamontov akatamira tsika yaro zvakanaka itsva chivako pedyo Moscow.

unyanzvi denderedzwa

Zvishoma nezvishoma, mudenderedzwa kuvazikamwi Savvy Mamontova kuwedzerwa, uye pakanga nenzanga nomukurumbira vemifananidzo, inova nhasi inonzi Abramtsevo denderedzwa. Inoitwa vatenzi makuru akadai V. A. Serov, I. E. Repin, V. D. Polenov, M. A. Vrubel, VM uye A. M. Vasnetsovy nemamwe Artists. Kazhinji kugara uye akagara wemunda, pakusika ounyanzvi dzavo. Mifananidzo mizhinji munda pedyo Moscow, vakapinda yendarama pavane Russian art.

ndege okudhindira

Over nguva, nemhaka kutanga ari mwanakomana Savva Ivanovich, mudzimai wake, vemifananidzo wakakurumbira, mumwe mupfumi muunganidzwa ounyanzvi acho zvinhu kwave inounganidzwa mu wemunda. Uye nhasi zviri unyanzvi ukoshi zvikuru. In yake yakasiyana mazano ari kuveza muchitoro, riri pamusoro wemunda, vakatanga kusika kwazvo yemapuranga fenicha.

Muna 1890, munda akatanga zvedongo workshop. Her zvokufuridzirwa uye zvakasikwa mutungamiriri aiva M. A. Vrubel. It unobereka decoration chivezwa, yemaguta runako usina kukonekita nokuti Moscow House Mamontov vavo Estates, munyori ndiro.

Abramtsevo zvigadzirwa akakurumidza kuwana admirers ayo. Vakatanga kutengesa ari wedzimba St. Petersburg, Moscow nemamwe maguta akawanda Russian. Nyanzvi vayemura mukuru unhu mifananidzo. Muna 1900, chigadzirwa Abramtsevo vemifananidzo vakanga paakavapa honorary mibayiro panguva World Exhibition kuParis.

Kukosha akakurumbira zvinoyevedza denderedzwa hunokosha. Vechikamu akaramba unokosha Zvivako wokuRussia unyanzvi uye ounyanzvi. Kuburikidza zvavaiita zvakanga ukavandudzwa raanoziva tsika kuita usina kukonekita namatanda kuvesa.

A nguva yakaoma munhoroondo yacho Manor

Mugumo XIX remakore vakauya kuchinja kukuru akayera upenyu Manor. Muna 1899, Savva akapomerwa upfumi zvisizvo uye kwemwedzi inoverengeka yave mujeri. Akanga mhosva muna 1900, asi zvizivikanwe prrmyshlennik varasikirwa ose ehurumende.

House muMoscow, pamwe kuchengeterwa imomo muunganidzwa mabasa ounyanzvi yave kutengeswa. Sezvineiwo, Abramtsevo akaponeswa. Kuva ndave rewritten pachine Mamontov wako. At pakutanga XX remakore munda hwakatamisirwa kuMoscow, zvedongo workshop, rave kuchinjwa kuva diki yevhu fekitari. Kwete munhu wose anoziva tenzi akaita Abramtsevo pamadziro kuti "Metropol" hotel, uyewo boka guru panze pamasikiro pakuvaka Tretyakov Gallery.

Manor kubva 1917

Muna 1918, pashure pokugadzwa simba Soviet, takanga nationalized yavatezvara Abramtsevo. The miziyamu mundima yayo wakashamira mugore iro. chikuru muchengeti waro vakava Aleksandra Mamontova - mwanasikana Savva Ivanovich. House-Museum "Abramtsevo" kusvikira 1932. Zvadaro, muna wemunda yakazarurwa Holiday kuti firimu. Kubvira 1938, munda akatanga kushandiswa senzvimbo pachipatara pacho. Uye panguva Second World War munda ikava chipatara rechiuto.

Panguva iyi yakaoma yose nyika chinokosha zvisaririra wenhaka vakayerera Sergiev Posad. Exhibits shure muna 1950, uye "Abramtsevo" (Museum) akazarura mikova ayo vaenzi. Panguva iyi, iye akagadzwa curator pamusoro miziyamu Vsevolod Savvich Mamontov - mwanakomana ane industrialist. Muna 1995 nayo akapiwa chinzvimbo chinokosha "Abramtsevo". Museum-Estate akava shongwe ine batana kukosha.

Nhasi, ari mifananidzo tsika yekare Manor okudhindira mberi Industrial Art College, iyo inonzi mushure Russian mifananidzo VM Vasnetsov.

"Abramtsevo", Museum-Estate

The kuitika miziyamu yakaoma ndokwenguva nzvimbo mashanu hectares. Iye akaisa varipo shoma uye akanaka paki. "Abramtsevo" (Museum-wakare), uyo kero iri: Museum Street, 1, ane akapfuma muunganidzwa. Ivo pamusana vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu Exhibits akasiyana. Izvi hwakajeka uye uprofita hwezvaizoitika nemabasa, zvivezwa, zvinhu zviri chevarwere unyanzvi, isingawanzowanikwi mapikicha uye mafaira.

Manor imba

The centerpiece of miziyamu zvakaoma anopindura anguva Manor imba - huru Manor imba. It yakavakwa XVIII remakore. Pasinei dzakawanda kugadzirisa, ayo zvakafanana, ichibata siluetti, riri kuvakwa, zvinogona kuonekwa nhasi.

Kumabvazuva France weimba ane pakachena chinjiri uye Hakutarisi park, kumadokero - muchivanze. Pamwe kumabvazuva France aiva mukuru Suite edzimba - horo, yokutandarira uye pamberi yokurara. Pamwe kumadokero France pamusoro Suite akamhanya zuva nezuva, uko vanogara mumativi ari vomumhuri vakanga iri. Zvakatora nzvimbo pakati Inn maviri wakapamhama koridho.

Nhasi, ari Manor imba ane kwamagwaro yakatsaurirwa kumhuri Aksakov, shamwari dzavo. Pano unogona kuona mifananidzo nemifananidzo, mabhuku uye midziyo. All zvinhu izvi dzakatorwa vakaroorana Mamontov. Ivo yashambidzwa muMoscow Antique muzvitoro.

The Manor imba iri nderimwe pashoo zvinonakidza, izvo zvakatsaurirwa Abramtsevo unyanzvi denderedzwa. Heano Portraits mhuri Mamontov, vatori unyanzvi denderedzwa, zvakatipoteredza, akachengetedzwa kubva kare.

Chaimbova chivako yezvokurapa nhasi wechigarire kwemasimba mabasa nokuda Russian uye Soviet Artists.

Church Muponesi Wedu

"Abramtsevo" - miziyamu ine pamusoro wayo ndima yakasiyana hurongwa. Chokutanga ichechi Muponesi. munyori wayo kuvaka yakanga yakakurumbira rokupenda VD Polenov. Gare gare, basa rake rakanga zvakaramba V. M. Vasnetsov. Gorgeous stylized Russian kare, iconostasis temberi - ibasa unyanzvi kwechokwadi. Vazhinji kuzvidhori kereke ainyorwa nevanhu vemifananidzo kukuru, akaumba chikamu Mamontov denderedzwa.

Baths

Chimwe Monument kuti rava pakuva Abramtsevo. The miziyamu anochengeta chepakutanga mapurani marongerwo. Ichi chinhu kujairika yemapuranga gazebo - ". The Hut iri huku makumbo" Riri pedyo nechechi. Baths akazviratidza munda muna 1883. Rakanga anosarudza V. M. Vasnetsovu.

Akatarira mwana, zvinoita sokuti zvino vachaona kubva Baba Yaga. Pasinei chokwadi kuti ichi tarenda chivako iri pedyo chaizvo kereke uye nezvimwe zvivako, zvinoita sokuti koteji anomira rizere kwegore risingapindiki dondo.

paki

"Abramtsevo" - zvinoshamisa miziyamu. Kana iwe zvichaitika kushanyira purazi, iva nechokwadi kuti kufamba kuburikidza inoshamisa paka iyo unopoteredza izvozvo. It yakakamurwa kuva tenuka matatu kuti vanoburukiramo kumupata karukova Warri.

The paka akanaka chero nguva yegore, asi muzhizha kana mangwanani kwematsutso, ndiye zvikurukuru anoyevedza.

miziyamu bazi

Department of Artistic Crafts Museum-Reserve Abramtsevo iri muna Khotkovo, kwete kure Manor. mavambo ayo akanga nokuda simba KUDA ari Abramtsevo workshop kukura ounyanzvi uye rwokugadzira munharaunda Abramtsevo.

Chaizvoizvo, nhoroondo miziyamu uye yakatanga kusvika Studio, izvo zvakazoita Elizabeth G. pakutanga - mukadzi Savva Mamontov. Zvino chikatsiviwa Elena Polenov. Joiner kuti workshop yaiva chikoro kuti nerimwe gore kubva 1876, vakaedza kudzidza shanu kana vatanhatu vana kubva yakapoteredza misha.

Zvitatu makore vakomana vakanga vakadzidziswa mahara. Pashure pokupedza dzidzo kosi vakapedza kudzidza vanogamuchira chipo workbench uye iine muvezi Ezvemutauro. The Vakomana vakadzokera yawo, uye akawana basa pamba. The musangano akavapa akarayira uye zvinhu. Kubva masvingo aro akanga zvikuru ruzivo carvers anopfuura mazana maviri. Vakawanda vavo vakashanda, kwete chete azadzise kugadzirira mienzaniso rakagadzirirwa yokunyora nokudhirowa, asi kuti pave mabasa avo pachavo. Vamwe basa rakadaro kuonekwa nhasi ari miziyamu.

Zvino ndinoshanda pano uye nokusika inonakidza chigadzirwa kwete chete carvers, asiwo Graphics, Ceramics vanatenzi uye Painters. Vanyori Modern vari kushingaira kuita kuratidzira, pasi iyo makamuri akawanda pasi pauriri vanotsaura.

"Abramtsevo", miziyamu-bwedu: sei kuti ikoko?

Kubva Moscow kwakaita Yaroslavl Station vari dzemagetsi zvitima, izvo kuti rurege panguva "Abramtsevo" chiteshi. Izvi kungatowedzera vakasungwa Alexandria, Balakirevo, Sergiev Posad. Mugwagwa kune kutsvakwa yemapurisa anotora maawa 1.15. Pachikuva unofanira kufamba yevedza dondo kutevera pamusoro hafu kiromita. Mugwagwa achauyisa iwe mufaro mukuru - kwete kazhinji vagari vakauya kufamba musango. Kuwana vakarasika hazvibviri - pamiti yakasimbiswa dzakawanda dzapiwa.

Kana uri kuronga rwendo motokari, ipapo muMoscow, unofanira kuenda Yaroslavl nomugwagwa, uye ramba batidza uye Leshkovo Radonezh. Zvadaro kutyaira kuna Khotkovo uye vatendeuke Abramtsevo. The miziyamu riri panoperera kumugwagwa mukuru.

Munogona kushandisa bhazi. Kubva Sergiev Posad kusvika miziyamu iwe ndichakurwira mabhazi uye bhazi nhamba 55, iyo inoita Flights masere pazuva.

rudzi

Kubva April kuna October vashanyi Museum "Abramtsevo". Okutanga maawa vari zvakakunakira kushanyira. Manor Park iri yakazaruka ose zuva kubva 10.00 kusvika 20.00, kwevhiki - kusvika 21,00. Exposition of miziyamu inogona kushanyirwa kubva 10.00 kusvika 18,00 pamusoro mevhiki uye kusvikira 20.00 pakupera kwevhiki. Huru miziyamu chivakwa pane zvinogoneka chete kana revashanyi kunoitika. In "Abramtsevo" (Museum-kuchengeterwa) vari kuitwa zuva nezuva.

User Reviews

Munhu wose akashanyira "Abramtsevo" Museum, chaiyo mashizha, kazhinji zvakanaka. Kuyemura zvikuru zvakasikwa, zvakanaka achidzidziswa uye yakachena munharaunda, dzinonakidza anoratidza, nyanzvi vatungamiriri.

Zvazvakashatira vamwe miziyamu vashanyi zvinosanganisira mubhadharo mukuru matikiti, matkamuistoja, kutora mifananidzo uye kunyange pamukova wetemberi. Asi iwe pamwe havafaniri saka categorical panyaya iyi. Mari yakagamuchirwa Pakushanyira yakaoma, enda kudzorerwa pfuma yayo pakuzadzisa.