22800 "Karakurt": unhu uye magadzirirwo mamiriro

Warships - ichi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvidimbu kuhondo simba neimwe nyika, saka mainjiniya kutungamirira dzenyika dziri kuramba ndichishanda magadzirirwo uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda uye hubudirire uye dzichipfekeka zvirongwa. Hazvina chakavanzika wengarava rengarava reRussia mumwe akasimba munyika, asi muchiitiko chino, mberi haana kumborega panzvimbo. mainjiniya Russian dziri kushanda kuitira kuti Russian Navy akanga ava achisimba ose gore. Ndokusaka muna 2015 uye chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt" wakatangwa, unosanganisira kuvakwa itsva inoshanda rwisana zviumbu anenge makumi maviri kuti vachabatana Navy. Asi worudzii kubatana? Chii maitiro avo? Chii vane patani zvinhu? 22800 "Karakurt" Munyaya ino uchadzidza zvose pamusoro chirongwa.

About basa

Chokutanga zvose tinofanira kunzwisisa chokwadi kuti ari "Karakurt" chirongwa 22800. encryption Izvi zvichava zviduku multipurpose chombo uye atirari zvikepe misha duku, izvo zvichava operative iri pedyo negungwa wongoramba. Maererano nedzimwe classifications Ngarava dzakadaro se "corvettes diki." Vari zvakagadzirirwa kuitisa kurwisana kuvhiyiwa iri pedo negungwa nzvimbo, uyewo pamusoro penzizi zvokuti anonzi Zvimiso kirasi "gungwa-rwizi". "Black Chirikadzi" avevo nokuita mamwe mabasa munguva yorugare, saka zvakaoma kuona kukosha basa iri. Uye ndicho chikonzero nhasi uchadzidza zvose zvinokosha nezvokuzadziswa chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt": kubva nhoroondo yaro mavambo uye anopera muchidimbu basa ano.

History of chirongwa

History of chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt" haisati zvikuru refu kubva akanga kutanga kuziviswa kuruzhinji chete muna 2015. Zvisinei, midzi yawo kuenda zvakadzama zvikuru kupinda kare. Chokwadi kuti hwaro chirongwa ichi runoonekwa kuti chitundumuseremusere uye atirari chikepe "chinyavada", iyo yakagadzirirwa mukupera nineties uye kutanga razero. Zvisinei, basa racho rakava pasina pedo kubudirira sezvinoita aronga. The chete "chinyavada", iro akaiswa kugadzirwa muna 2001 uye haana yapera. A guru chaizvo zvazvinoita "Karakurt" uyewo ane chaizvo nevakawanda nhasi chiduku chitundumuseremusere chikepe "Buyan-M", iro zvinowanzoshandiswa kweGungwa reCaspian. Zvisinei, zviri zvikuru kubudirira munzizi uye pasi mvura, saka megungwa ezvinhu haina kuratidza yayo yakanaka unhu. Zviri kuti mukwanisi mashoko functionality kuti "zvinokakavara", uye zvikanzi akaronga kubudisa "Black Chirikadzi," izvo zvinofanirwa kuva nzira seaworthy "Buyan". Under basa 22800 "Karakurt" zviri aronga kuvaka ngarava 18, asi mamwe mashoko achaparadzwa kurondedzerwa kwapera asi ikozvino pamire kutarisa inokosha hwokugadzira zvatariswa muchikepe, izvo zvakaonekwa sezvo remangwana yeRussian Navy.

rwokugadzira unhu

Sezvambotaurwa, diki chombo ngarava (RTO) chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt" havana mukuru misha - matani 800. Panyaya iyi, kureba chikepe pashure chivakwa yokutanga kuchasvika mamita makumi matanhatu, apo yakafara achava makubhiti gumi. Draft, kureva kudzika iyo zvichanzi mumvura, vachava mamita mana. Zvigayo Zvaishanda muenzaniso uyu ichava Diesel-emagetsi injini panguva kunonyanyisa RPM kumhanya, "Black weChirikadzi" mberi vachava nokusunungura mapfundo matatu. Uyewo kuteerera zvimwe zvinhu zviviri: siyana uye cruising. Wokutanga unhu inoratidza sei ngarava dzakawanda anogona kupfuura pasina refueling, uye wechipiri - chaiwo nguva kuti chikepe achakwanisa kugara mumvura rakavhurika, kwete vachiomerera pamahombekombe kuti muzadze mumatanda. The cruising siyana ari muenzaniso uyu achava pemaawa maviri chiuru hafu nemakiromita uye cruising - anenge gumi nemashanu pamazuva. Sezvaunogona kuona, pamusoro hwokugadzira zvechadenga duku chombo chikepe Project 22800 "Karakurt" riri basa zvikuru, chiine ane yakakwirira zvinogona. Asi ko ake zvombo, izvo Achakandwa vakagadzirira pamwe?

nezvombo

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro chitundumuseremusere chikepe aine basa 22800 "Karakurt", zvinokosha kusiyanisa akasiyana mapoka mashanu, rimwe nerimwe akakodzerwa vainyatsotarisirwa. Chekutanga, chikepe radar vachagamuchirwa se muchimiro Radar "Mineral-M." Chechipiri, zvichava vakapakata avionics uye zvombo: ". Sigma-E" zvose "Karakurt" vachaparadzwa vakapakata radar maitiro uye "njanji-E", uye mashoko utariri hurongwa Chechitatu, chikuru kuvhunduka simba achava vosmizaryadnaya kugadzwa wehunyambiri kanda ZS14. Chechina, hapana mari uye pasina atirari: kuchava vakasarudzwa pakati 100-mm uye 76-mm otomatiki kurongwa. Uye pakupedzisira, wechishanu, vachava mundege uye Anti-nendege atirari. Anti-ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa yakaoma "Carapace-M" rave vakasarudzwa kuti mabasa aya. Sezvaunogona kuona, ngarava chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt" zvichava zvakanaka zvombo, asi zvose zvakawanda pamusoro kuhondo kwake simba ichakurukurwa pashure.

Design zviri dzimba

Ngarava neimwe ine maitiro ayo uye nemamwe zvinhu kusiyanisa kubva tichienzanisa yokutevedzera. Izvi zvinogona kuva nzvimbo masts, pfuti, uye kuvapo kana kusavapo chero zvinhu uye zvichingodaro. 22800 Ship "Karakurt" rine zvimwe, uye chinonyanya kukosha izvi kurondedzera kugadzira pamusoro Hull uye superstructure pairi. Sezvambotaurwa, chikepe ichi zvichava zvikuru akafanana "zvinokakavara", ayo ava kushandiswa chaizvo mumutauro weRussia Navy. "Buian" anewo chombo launcher, izvo zvakarongwa rwemberi chikamu superstructure, kamwe payo anoiswa achitevedza centreline. Kana "Black weChirikadzi", mune nyaya chikepe ichi chichange chiri mhiri installation. Uyewo kucherechedza kuvapo mungarava ane Integrated rechikepe, iro zvichiita kuwana kanyanga vanobatanidzwa radar mugadziriro. Zvisinei, basa racho RTO 22800 "Karakurt" rine zvakawanda zvinhu munokosha paakataura voga.

simba chirimwa

Chimwe chezvinhu unoshamisa zvinhu zvinowanikwa kuti chirongwa RTO "Karakurt" 22800 chiri powerplant. On ngarava siyana vanogona michini siyana, kana zvichienzaniswa pedyo wokuenzanisira, uko nyaya isina kutaurwa zvakare, chinofanira kusimbiswa chete Diesel injini. Kana "Black weChirikadzi" pane izvi, injini ane Diesel-emagetsi, kuti chinhu chinoshamisa danho zvose zvinhu, kusanganisira siyana uye kuzvionera (yokupedzisira parameter "Karakurt" vakuru "Desperado" by zvakawanda shanu mazuva). itsva chizvarwa injini chirongwa 22800 "Karakurt" chinoitwa pamusoro wechipfuwo fekitari "Star" uye anogona kuva-chinja nekuti zvikepe yakafanana mhando munguva yemberi iri pedyo.

Features zvombo

Akapiwa chokwadi kuti chikepe ihondo munokosha mashoko anoreva kuti mubvunzo wake maoko. Sezvo imi kunge vakanzwisisa ambotaurwa, zvombo mungarava achava siyana zvikuru, izvo zvinoita muenzaniso multi-dzichipfekeka. Huru Chishandiso vachatitaka sezvingatarisirwa vosmizaryadnaya wehunyambiri launcher kuti mhuri anogona kushandisa "eonikisi" zvombo uye "Caliber". Kana atirari rutsigiro, chokupedzisira shanduro hakusati yasimbiswa asi chinowanzoitika kuva huru nhumbi imwe 100-millimeter AU A-190 kana 76-mm AK-176 AU. Kana anotenderwa kusarudza rechipiri okuwedzera firepower kurukutika pfuti ndichapa duku mbiri-caliber atirari AK-630. Uyewo, pane kubvuma kuti huru atirari chombo 57-mm AU A-220M, asi pfungwa iyi sokuti kashoma. Kana kudzivirira, ichangobva shanduro imwe Anti-ndege chokugadza - a "carapace", asi zvinonzi runyerekupe kuti panzvimbo yake angava SPAR "Broadsword." Mugore kuuya mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu ungangova kubuda, saka zviri akagadzirira kumirira chikepe chokutanga, akasikwa pasi basa. Nokuti mashoko ari apo zvichaitwa raparurwa, ichakurukurwa pashure.

seaworthiness

It watopiwa akanongedza kuti nezvikepe muenzaniso uyu achava seaworthiness nani kana tichienzanisa dzepedyo hama - "mupopoti". Mainjiniya akasika "Karakurt" yakashuma kuti chikonzero ichi ndechokuti "zvinokakavara" anoshandiswa kunyanya pamusoro kumiganhu yamakungwa, uyewo rwizi zvinhu, kureva kuti havadi guru dziripo dzakasiyana uye kuzvionera kuti wekushandisa. Kana "Black weChirikadzi", vanoronga kushandisa pachena mumakungwa, saka vaifanira navigability nani, iyo ichava chimwe chavainyanya chinosiyanisa zvinhu.

"Hurricane"

Saka munoziva zvose pamusoro chirongwa 22800, iro rine coded "Karakurt." Zvino yava nguva yokuti kuteerera dzakananga zvikepe zviri kare pasi kuvakwa. Wokutanga wavo ainzi "Hurricane". Kugadzirwa Its kwakatangwa December 24, 2015 paGungano "Pera". zvikepe zvose "Karakurt" chirongwa chichaitwa mugadziriro purogiramu imupota kuzvitsinhanisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nenhumbi dzavo dzose chinoitwa mudzimba vagadziri. "Hurricane" akagadzirirwa kuti Russian Northern Fleet VIF. Zvinonzi akaronga kuti kuvakwa kwayo zvichazadziswa muna 2017.

"Dutu"

Pazuva iroro, December 24, mune imwe fekitari "kuPera" kuvakwa chikepe chirongwa chechipiri chakatangwa. Akadana "Dutu" rakapiwa. Uyewo pashure pakupera kugadzirwa muitiro achatumirwa kuna Northern Fleet yeRussian Navy, asi zvinokosha kuziva kuti izvi zvichaitika gare gare: kushanda mungarava wechipiri pamusoro mvura haina aronga kuti 2017 uye kuti 2018.

"Storm"

Ngarava wechitatu, zvino yava zvishoma kubva zvavo mufananidzo. Chokwadi kuti ayo kugadzirwa chirimwa yaiva nomusoro waiti "Gungwa" iri Feodosia. It harizoitwi nokuda North uye nokuda Black Sea Fleet yeRussian Navy. Zvino chegumi May 2016, zvakanga iyoyo, uye akatanga kuvaka "Storm". Maererano zano, pakupera pagadzirwe anotarisirwa papera kunyange gore - muna 2019.

"Squall"

July 29, 2016 akatanga kugadzirwa wechina "Black weChirikadzi", yainzi "vakanyorerana kakawanda". chikepe ichi vacharaswa kuvakwa panguva fekitari "kuPera" uye, kufanana nedzimwe zvikepe, izvo zvichaita kuti kugadzirwa ikoko, enda kumusasa Northern Fleet. Kuvaka "Squall" zvichava 2019, asi hapana mubvunzo hazvizovi yokupedzisira chikepe chacho 22800, anogadzirwa fekitari "Pera".

zvimwe zvirongwa

Sezvo imi munzwisise, zviri hakungoitwi zvikepe mana: vakaronga kugadzirwa yakakura anoverengeka corvettes ari gadziriro iyi chinzvimbo chirongwa. Pakuvamba takataura nezvekuti Kuchava nengarava 18 iri mhando, asi izvozvi asi ruzivo ichi hachina yasimbiswa. To musi, mukuru vanofungidzira asi mana zvikepe, izvo zviri kugadzirwa pachikuva, achaiswa kugadzirwa zvidimbu masere. Vatatu vavo atogamuchira murayiro fekitari "kuPera", iro kare mubasa pagadzirwe vatatu "Black Chirikadzi." Zvisinei, chinofanira kufungawo ndechokuti fekitari "Gungwa" chakatengwa ne "kuPera", saka zvingangodaro kuti vamwe mirairo iyi (pamwe zvose zvitatu) vachaparadzwa hwakatamisirwa chirimwa muna Feodosia. Asi chii pamusoro asara midziyo shanu? Ivo 3 August 2016 akapiwa murayiro Zelenodolsk Shipyard Gorky. Basa iri kurimwa wavo asati raparurwa, asi chokwadi chokuti Russian Navy achava gumi itsva uye ano ngarava mashanu akatevera, atova chisingarambiki. Uye kana basa 22800 riri kubudirira, saka zvingangodaro kuti mwero gumi midziyo kutanga kuitwa, uye zvichida kunyange kupfuura. Asi hatigoni kutaura kana zvichadaro "kuPera" mamwe maodha anogadzira zvinhu "Black weChirikadzi", kana vachida kuwana Zelenodolsk chirimwa kana kuti pagadzirwe nezvikepe ichi mhando ichaparadzwa kwakabatana nevamwe bhizimisi. Zvazvinosarira kumirira nguva apo vachaedzwa ezvinhu chaiwo kuti tinzwisise sei muhombe chirongwa ichi zvichaitika mune ramangwana uye chii chakamumirira muna 2017 panguva mvura yokutanga "Karakurt" vachasunungurwa uye.