Zvinorevei kuti "-oma" ari mari chikamu mudyandigere? mudyandigere kubhadhara

Mumakore achangopfuura, yava mubvunzo kukurumidza izvo zvinoreva kuti 'Ndinoda' ari accumulative chikamu mudyandigere? Sezvo chikamu nyaya uchaongororwa apindure nayo, uye achapiwa for kuti zvinotarisirwa munguva yemberi iri pedyo.

Vhuṱanzi

Muna Russian Federation mudyandigere gadziriro pazvikanganiso huru mbiri zvinoriumba: inishuwarenzi uye accumulative nhengo. Yokutanga isu nhaka kubva panguva Soviet Union. Rokuti wechipiri hwakaiswa kushanda kubva 2002, apo kutanga mudyandigere kuchinja akapiwa. Chii chaiva chikonzero ane nzira yakadaro?

MuSoviet Union makanga hwakanyatsorwisa pasi upenyu anotarisirwa (nekaupenyu ano). Mumhuri Makanga vana, nekuda chii kukura rwekuita chizvarwa vakapfuura uwandu pamudyandigere. At kuitika nhasi, haina kuunza rokupedzisira mugumisiro. Naizvozvo, kwakasarudzwa kuita zvinotevera: kushanda vagari vabhadhare mari yokutsigira mudyandigere Fund. Mari yose anoenderera kubhadhara kuti pensioners.

Kwakapiwa kuti vasachembera mberi uye nhamba vashandi ipfupi mari kuti mari haisi kukwana. Chikamu dambudziko racho ragadziriswa Vongai anotamisa ari bhajeti, asi maererano aina nyaya akawira profitability haisi mari yakakwana.

Kwakasarudzwa kuita?

Zvinoreva mudyandigere kuchinja kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kutamira mari hurongwa. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kuripwa nokukwegura kuchaenderana kwete mamiriro, asi kubva mushandi. Uye ndiani akaisa accumulative chikamu mudyandigere? Uyo ane chido chake formalize uye akaberekwa pashure 1967. Asi rekukwazisa accumulative chikamu pensions kuti pensioners (sezvo yave ichiitwa kare, uye ramangwana) rava nouchapupu Nemutengo, hurumende vakatsauswa muedzo kushandisa mari iyi kuti agadzirise matambudziko yaivapo.

Uye pano tinosvika zvinodiwa neruzhinji vanhu. Zvino isu vachanzwisisa chii kuti "-oma" ari mari chikamu mudyandigere. First vakazivisa muna 2013. Ipapo kukura Russian upfumi yakatanga zvishoma. Ruble vanonzwira ambomira kuderedza. Chisarudzo zvaunoda kushandura mari chikamu mudyandigere rehurumende utariri, akabatsira hurumende kuwana muna 2014 mamwe rubles mabhiriyoni 243, kunyange zvazvo pane imwe mutengo yakadaro.

Akaramba kushandiswa mashandiro ichi

Mumatsutso 2014 takazvitora sarudzo kuwedzera moratorium pamusoro nechando kuti mudyandigere mari uye ya2015. rinoshamisa iri akabvumira kugamuchira mabhiriyoni 307,4 rubles. Saka, zvakanga mavambo achinyima, muna truest pfungwa shoko, mari yakanga ichinonoka yeramangwana. Nei Pfungwa yakadaro, zvino tiri kutarisana nayo.

Mari chikamu mudyandigere kuna NPF uye SPC ari kufukidza anodawo mari nokuda vachibhadhara mune ramangwana. Chokwadi, papepa, nokuti inopa kuti muripo, asi sei zvichakanganisa chinozoiswa - ndiwo mubvunzo mukuru. Unogona kutaura mashoko Nikolaya Platoshkina, purofesa Moscow University nokuda Humanities kuti mudyandigere kuchinja rakakundikana. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chinogona kuonekwa kare, kana basa neramangwana vanhu yakanga chaizvoizvo akapfuudza kwavari kupfuura.

Nei zvakaitika?

Saka zvino tinoziva chii kuti "-oma" ari mari chikamu mudyandigere. Ngatimboonai zvinokonzera izvi. Kana mugumisiro zvakafanana namashoko Platoshkin, anodavira kuti pamudzi izvi iri zvinotevera:

1. Vashandirwi hazvitsivi imwe mari kuti mudyandigere Fund of Russian Federation.
2. The mamiriro, pane kuti toughen basa bhizimisi zvinodiwa kuti mashoko ose aronga uye chaiyo bhajeti, akasarudza torera mumari vanhu.

Uyezve, Platoshkin anodavira kuti kukwidza mudyandigere zera - zviri chete nyaya nguva. Pashure pezvose, matambudziko zvisina kugadziriswa, ipapo nyika dzose anosangana nezvinetso zvitsva.

Zvose zviri zvakaipa?

Ngatitarisei zvose achitsoropodza. Panguva iyoyo, wemutungamiri wehurumende Olga Golodets akati kuti nemhaka moratorium pamusoro paumbwe accumulations mumwe wezvizvarwa Russian rirege kukanganiswa. Mari zvose kuti zvino aunganidzwa neHurumende, anofanira kushevedzwa munhoroondo vanhu, pahwaro pavo uye mudyandigere guru chichagadzirirwa. Musiyano chete iri chokwadi chokuti chichaitwa kubudikidza inishuwarenzi hurongwa. Iye chakadzokororwa musoro FIU. Asi pane dzakawanda anokangaidza chokwadi:

1. Pakutanga zvakanga vakaronga -oma chete 2014.
2. Kutaura chokwadi, zviri iko zvino kusvikira 2019.
3. Mari mudyandigere - iwo, chaizvoizvo, inivhesitimendi guru. Uye ayo Kubviswa kumhanyisa zvoupfumi kukura haakonzeri.

Izvi Zvisinei, zvinogona kunzwisiswa uye familiarized pamwe nezvezviitiko zviri macroeconomic maonero, izvo akapa Economic Development Ushumiri,.

Ndezvipi zviri nani, kuti chaizvo uye peculiarities

Chikamu inishuwarenzi kukura nokuda Indexing kuti inoitwa nehurumende chete. Tinofanira kugara rakawedzera nokuda inivhesitimendi mari. Iti chaizvo iyo nzira kuchaita kuti mamwe haibatsiri makore 30-40, zvino matambudziko. Asi mari chikamu ane wandei zvakwakanakira.

Chokutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti rinogona Kutamiswa nhaka. Mukuwedzera, bundu chitsama kuripwa mari chikamu mudyandigere zvinogona zvakumbirwa. Zvisinei, nokuti ichi anofanira kuva chikonzero chakanaka. A bundu Verengai kuripwa mari chikamu mudyandigere anogona isunungurwe kana munhu afa, nokuti iyo yakanga yaunganidzwa, kana iri nyaya chirwere chakakomba. Asi kuita izvi zvaizova kumhanya kuti mapepa zvinodiwa, zvinokwanisika kuti chikepe uye zviremera. Uyewo, kana uine mbiri dzinokosha rutsigiro, izvozvo zvinoderedza mukana wokuti munhu akaipa ezvinhu, uye kana zvichiratidzika zvinogoneka kuderedza marwadzo.

mhedziso

Saka isu afunga zvaireva "-oma" ari mari chikamu mudyandigere. Pakupedzisira ndinoda kupa zano shoma. Ko kutarisa kungovimba sangano akadai mudyandigere mari. Mari chikamu mudyandigere - iwo, chaizvoizvo, zvikuru chaizvo mubhizimisi Portfolio. Unogona kutumira mari wevasungwa wacho hakusi kudzora (mu pfungwa iyi) mamiriro ari kuchengetedzeka vakabata. Uye unogona kuita nenzira yakasiyana - kushandisa mari yose inowanika vana. Mushure zvakanaka vakaita vana - asiwo mhando mari kuti kunze ponadezhnee rutsigiro mamiriro achava.

Uyewo hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti ikozvino (saka kure) pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvirongwa zvakadai rwaamai guta. Uye apo zvichibvira - zvakakodzera kushandisa. Pashure pezvose, hapana anogona kuvatarisira zviri nani kutipfuura. Unofanira kurangarira pamusoro ndiye yendarama utongi. A mudyandigere kuti paakavapa neHurumende ... Zvakanaka, kana zviri, saka anogona kunzi munhu Kuwedzera yakanaka yokukwegura, izvo zvichaita kuti mamwe mashomanana adarika zvichidzika unofadza panyika ino.