Wokutanga ruvara terevhizheni. Chii chaiva zita reSoviet ruvara terevhizheni rokutanga?

upenyu Modern ndiyo sanzwisisika pasina TV. Zvakaoma kudavira kuti kamwe terevhizheni hariko. Wokutanga nhepfenyuro mifananidzo kure akaonekwa kure 1880, uye ipapo TVs vaiva Electro. Yakanga chete muna 1907 pakava nzira zvemagetsi kwemashoko mufananidzo, uye muna 1932 vokuAmerica tega yemagetsi terevhizheni. Nokukurumidza pashure vokutanga mienzaniso-chena dema-uye, masayendisiti vakava vokutanga ruvara TV. mavara Black uye chena vaisabvumirwa zvakazara vanakidzwe kunaka kunze kwenyika. Madzibaba edu pamberi TV chidzitiro-ruvara matatu firimu, saka kuedza Siyanisai ruvara gamut chifananidzo.

Yokutanga patented design

Panoperera navapfumbamwe Russian muvambi remakore, injiniya-technologist Alexander Polumordvinov vaifunga nezvomukana ruvara TV. Akabudirira pakupera 1899 kuwana bvumidzwa pamusoro zvechokwadi multi-mavara paterevhizheni hurongwa. ino ndiyo analoginen ano. Munhoroondo yose yave kuzivikanwa nokuda ruvara yedzimudzangara muzvirongwa vanenge makumi maviri navashanu Arayirwa vavambi siyana. Alexander Polumordvinov akafunga dzidziso-mavara matatu maonero. Pfungwa iyi ruvara maonero chainzi University-Young-Gelmgontsa.

Musimboti dzidziso ruvara chiono

Pfungwa dzidziso iyi kuti pachishandiswa Sefa (matatu-ruvara), yaunganidzwa chifananidzo multi-mavara ane zvakasiyana siyana kwerima guru. Mavara izvi - red, zvitema uye girini - zvinoshandiswa nguva yedu.

Kuti tiwane mufananidzo, disks maviri anoshandiswa. Ivo tenderera panguva dzakasiyana aimhanya ari zvakafanana. In wokutanga ngarurege slots akaita achitevedza akarongwa nharaunda, ndiko kuti, kubva pakati kusvika kumucheto, uye wechipiri chekawo kuburikidza mutswe ari muchimiro theorem zononoka. Kuwanda cheap car insurance ndiyo vakawanda zvitatu.

Kana pakakoromoka zvose disks bindepinde, akanga agadzirira rhomboidal yokutanga, iyo deploying nhengo panguva kutenderera tikachirega. Kuti tiwane chifananidzo chiratidzo sequentially akavharwa kucheka filters. Vane pepuru, manyoro uye tsvuku mavara. With selenium photocell chiedza kuti leaked kuburikidza nedhaimani serin'i gomba, mudzoke kunyika wemagetsi chiratidzo. Pakati fungidziro ari kutarisana mufananidzo kuti kuparadzirwa uye photocell nechimwe nguva penguva raiva Unoshamisa kuti rakavharwa ruvara Sefa chero ruvara. Panguva apo hwomukova yakabudikira mhiri pamatanda mufananidzo haachatauri rimwe buri pakatarisana, izvo zvaizopedza nokuda chinhambwe akaenzana pakakoromoka upamhi. Buri iri akazadza mumwe ruvara Sefa imwe yakasiyana ruvara.

Tinoona apo tanga ruvara TV yacho

ruvara paterevhizheni chirongwa anotora Adamyar, Zworykin nezvimwe vavambi zhinji. Tsvaga chii wokutanga ruvara terevhizheni akazviratidza munyika, unofanira kutaura ari vamakumi mashanu, kana US boka rca Akasunungura wokutanga ruvara terevhizheni dzeredhiyo CBS RX-40, izvo aiva Chinyorwa scan. Chidzitiro Kukura yaiva 14 kusvika 10 masendimita pamberi pake akaiswa rimwe Disc pamwe filters aiva nemasiraidhi akapendwa electric motor. Asi mufananidzo unhu yakanga murombo kwazvo. MuRussia, wokutanga ruvara TV yakabudiswa muna 1954 muguta Leningrad. Zita muenzaniso - "Rainbow". The mukana TV eSoviet kuti kutenderera denderedzwa yakavanzwa mumuviri. Uyewo, terevhizheni mugamuchiri ane yokunze rinokudza izvo zvakagadzirwa mapurasitiki, yaiva yakazara kwakadonhera mvura.

Development zvigadzirwa kushanda pakuvheneka

Muna 1950 zvakanzi dzakabudirira CRT vatatu Erekitironi pfuti, panguva necheparutivi 120 madhigirii hama kune mumwe. TV Izvi wemagetsi Ongororo uye chifukidzo kinescope akafukidzwa wezvidimbu lyuminosforom. danda matatu kubva cathodes nhatu (pfuti) uye kuenda "chifukidzo". Next nematanda mumutinhiro chidzitiro uye zvikamu zvacho vari yakavhenekerwa girini, tsvuku uye zvitema mavara.

nguva Westinghouse

Maererano nenheyo iyi muna 1954, Westinghouse akatanga wokutanga ruvara TV uye pasi payo kutengeswa sezvo muenzaniso N840SK15. Asi shanu mazana matatu rakapa atengeswa mumwedzi kare, vakawanda vakaramba unsold. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanira mubhadharo kufoira - 1295 US madhora, nemashoko mari yanhasi pamusoro - 11.200 emadhora. Kunyange akabatsira kushambadzira kambani iri kutarisira kusika nechido chakasimba kutenga wokutanga ruvara terevhizheni kwenyika. Uyewo, kutanga ruvara TV haana zvakakodzera nokuda irrelevance, nekuti vakawanda nokupfuuridzirwa kunoratidzwa nhema uye chena.

Second TV muchiso

Kuwedzera kukurumbira aifarira rca CT-100, rakabudiswa muna April 1954. Rakanga wokutanga ruvara TV Serial. Chidzitiro wayo 12 nemainji. It akatengesa 5,000 TV mari $ 1,000. Vhiki shomanana gare gare, mumwe chete boka zvakasunungura rca terevhizheni pamwe chidzitiro 15 rakafara. Gare gare mhando akaratidzwa ane 19- uye 20-padiki sefa.

Saka vakatanga ane ndichibvunza pave zvakawanda mberi materevhizheni. ruvara TV musika ari kuwedzera uye zvino yokuzvifungidzira kunze apo kwakanga ruvara materevhizheni, vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika kuti misi yakasiyana. Asi chokwadi chinoramba - vakaonekwa itsva features, vakachinja zvinhu. General Electric Company vakatengesa TVs ane diagonal 15 nemainji for $ 1,000, uye Sylvania nokuda 1150. Mamwe makambani vakapa TV anogadza kuti rendi. Akadai Emerson wokutanga mwedzi wacho rendi raizoitwa zvamadhora mazana maviri, uye nekutambira mari shoma sezvo $ 75. Uyezve yaisangana mutengo $ 795 muenzaniso ane diagonal 21 nemainji. Uye chimwe nemazana mashanu ruvara TV rinovira vakatengeswa pakazopera 1957. zhinji mhando TV vave muhurukuro sixties, yaisanganisira "Rainbow" uye "Temp". Mukutanga manonwe zvakawedzera nokuwanda ruvara Kupfuudzwa muUnited States, mari materevhizheni shoma yekudyidzana. Muna 1967, Soviet Union yakanga wokutanga ruvara yedzimudzangara SECAM mureza, uye pamusoro echiShinto akazviratidza pakutanga Soviet ruvara terevhizheni iri, rainzi "Ruby 401". Akanga budiriro zvachose Soviet.

Kukura terevhizheni iri USSR

Bulk rokutengesa pakati TVs ane ruvara mufananidzo Soviet Union akauya manonwe. Akadai TV "Erekitironi" raiva rakakura 77.5 55 * 55 cm. TV Ichi wenguva chikamu mukati, nokuti raishandiswa uyewo pasherufu. "Erekitironi" diagonal pamusoro 59 masendimita uye uremu 65 makirogiramu. muviri tv yakafukidzwa namatanda inokosha uye varnish.

Pakuvamba, muna February 1957, Council of Vashumiri akasarudza kuti muna 1958 akatanga nhepfenyuro pamusoro pamwe hurongwa. Shabolovka muna November 1958 rakaitirwa OSTST-2. Uye muna January 1960, akatanga kugara nhepfenyuro yacho NTSC ino. Apo vaviri chete chirimwa iri mubasa kugadzirwa TVs. It Leningrad Plant. Kozitskogo - "Rainbow" uye redhiyo fekitari muMoscow - "Temp-22". In kutengeswa materevhizheni haana kugamuchira asi, kunyange zvazvo 4000 zvidimbu avo akabudiswa.

Wokutanga ruvara nhepfenyuro

Wokutanga ruvara yedzimudzangara nhepfenyuro kwakaitika muna 1967, November 7 kuburikidza dzakasaina chibvumirano pamusoro pamwe of USSR uye France. The Hurongwa French akanzi SECAM. Mark akatanga ruvara TV akanga French - KFT.

Muna 1967 iye akaonekwa "Rubin-714," waiva zvikuru nevanhu panguva iyoyo, sezvo chidzitiro saizi iri kare kuenzana 61 cm.

A yakareba ruvara materevhizheni vakatengeswa pamwe yakaderera mutengo kupa vatengi mukana kuwana ruvara TV mukana wekuti mutengo uye kunzwisisa ayo zvakanakira.

By kuguma eighties yava kutengeswa kumativi ruvara TV nemhando mamiriyoni mashanu vari USSR, sezvo vavambi kutanga zvakawanda zvitsva mhando yaanofarira nzira.

Structure TVs makore 70-80

Inside muviri akasiya nahodilisya transformer, simba mezviruva, redhiyo uye gwara selector, uye mujinga pasi chikwata dzichengeterwe ruvara uye condensing chikwata. Kurudyi wakaiswa kupfuura ngozi uye simba akadzama - misa Scans dzakakwirira-voltage marambi, pamwe voltage transformers. TV akatora mita siyana. Nokuti kugamuchira UHF mugero nayo akasunungurwa chivakashure, izvo mudzoke hova muna rimwe mita. Vakazosunungurwa SKD zviyero, izvo akavapo kusvikira makore nineties, kuti makore anenge maviri.

Danho rakatevera raiva itamire transistors, aunganidzwa kubva Chips. Lamps havachisiri kushandiswa. TVs vari kuwana saizi maduku uye yakakwirira rwokugadzira. Zvino vagadziri ndiwo akawandisa materevhizheni ose inosiyana. Mikana TV kukura gore negore - mberi hakumo munzvimbo.