Vitrification yemamusi pane mumwe munhu anotakura

Ichi chinyorwa chichasangana nemafungiro akadaro sehuwandu hwembryo. Dr. Masashige Kuvayamoy akaumba iyi nzira mumakristotopes mugore ra2000. Mwana wokutanga akaberekwa nekuda kwekuwedzera mavrosi muna 2003. Kuponeswa kweoocyte kwakawedzera ne 98 muzana.

Pahafu yevakadzi inorayirwa mu vitro fertilization, embryo inogara. Kwavari, kugadziriswa kunoitwa, iyo inochengetedza mari yevarwere. Zviri nyore nyore kusunungura uye kutumira mazai pane kuita in vitro fertilization process anew. Uyewo iyi inorudzi rwe inshuwarisi kana mudzimai asingatauri. Kugadziriswa kune chinhu chisingawanikwiki - rufu rwemashiripiti akachengetwa akasiyiwa mushure mekudzivirirwa kweprotocol.

Ontogeny

Nzira yekuvandudzwa kwekuzviisa pasi kwehupenyu, kana yegungeny, inotangira kubva panguva yekuberekwa uye inopera nekufa kwayo. Iri sangano rinoenderera mberi munguva uye rine unhu husingaenzaniswi. Uye isu hatigoni kuzviregedza kana kuideredza. Asi pane zvakasiyana mumasikirwo. Izvi ndezvirimwa, zvipembenene uye kunyange zvimwe zvipembenene zvepakutanga, izvo zvisingatauri zvakadzika zvisingaratidzi zvinhu zvinoratidza zvipenyu.

Chii chinonzi anabiosis?

Vitrification ye embryo ichakurukurwa pasi apa. Nguva imwechete yekudzikama kunonzi vanabiosis. Saka, somuenzaniso, mhuka dzakawanda dzeSiberia dzinopukunyuka kutonhora kusvika kusvika -90 degrees, uye zvinenge zvakakwana kupera simba. Paunenge uchidzidza nguva iyi ye-ontogenesis mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo, mubvunzo unoburuka nekushandiswa kwekushanda kwemazhenesheni maduku kunokanganisa kusinganzwisisiki kwekushanda kwezvinyorwa zvepamusoro, kusanganisira vanhu.

Cryopreservation

Cryopreservation inzira inobatsira yekusimbisa zvirongwa zvehupenyu mumasero kuburikidza nekushanda pakadzika. Panguva imwe chete, basa rinokosha remasero panguva yekupisa rinoramba richichengetedzwa. Nokuzivikanwa, iyi nzira yakaderera kune vitrification yemambrus. 1 cryotope (yakanyorwa kuti cryo-carrier) inobva kubva kuna 1 kusvika ku3 mabrus.

Somuenzaniso, patinenge tichiita chirongwa chakadai seVIV, chiito chakanakisisa ndechokuenda kune uterine cavity kwete kupfuura mazai maviri. Izvo zvakasara zvinokonzera mazamu zvinogona kugadzirwa kuti zvishandiswe munguva yemberi. Inogonawo kushandiswa kuitisazve IVF mushure mechinguva, kana nzira yacho inoratidza chikonzero chakaipa. Nechinangwa chakadaro, kubwinya kwemazai pane mumwe munhu anotakura kunoitwa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mazamu ose akaoma. Kune vakadzi vane ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome induction of superovulation, izvi zvinowanzoitwa. Ndivanaani avo vanokurudzirwa kuti vazive? Varwere vanotambura nezvirwere zvepachikafu, kunyanya kusati kwaitwa chirongwa che chemotherapy kana radiotherapy. Zvadaro, mazai aya anoendeswa kune uterine cavity. Frost inoratidzwa kune vose vasingakwanisi kubata pamuviri mushure meVIVF. Izvi zvinogona kuva endometrial polyp, kusakwana kwakakwana kwe endometrium nekuwedzerwa kwemazuva kunorongwa, kusina kubuda ropa.

Nhanho dzekuvhenekera

Embryo dzakanamirwa pamatanho akasiyana-siyana:

• Fertilized ovum (zygote);
• Nhanho yekuparadzaniswa kwemashure;
• Blastocyst.

Panguva ino, pane nzira mbiri dzekuisa mazai.

Inononoka kupisa

Vitrification ye embryo inoshandiswa nekunonoka kupisa. Iyi nzira yakarongedzerwa kumashure kwema70 uye ndeye yekutanga yekudzidzira maitiro embryo kusviba. Inobva pakuderera kunononoka nekugara nguva dzose. Mushure mokunge mazai aya akachengetwa mu nitrogen yemvura.

Asi zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti nekunonoka kwekukanda mumagadzirirwo emagetsi, macroscopic macheka machena anoumbwa, izvo zvinokanganisa masero embryo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuparadza kusarura kana kukwana kwezvinhu zvakashata panguva yekupisa. Nhamba yemambrasi inobudirira kuburikidza mukugadzirisa kunononoka uye kunopisa kunenge 70 muzana.

Vitrification

Mushure megore ra2012, nzira itsva uye inobudirira yekudyorera-vitrification - yakatanga kushandiswa. Mukuenzanisa nemugwagwa wakare, iyi inzira yekudzivirira yehupenyu hwehupenyu. Kazhinji kacho, kuwedzera mazai shure kwePGD (genetic diagnosis).

Nenzira iyi, chirongwa chegyoprotective, iyo mazai akaiswa, haaiti mazaya echando paanonaya. Nokudaro, mukana wekukuvara kwemuviri kunopera. Chinokosha chemuitiro uyu haisi chete nzira yekuvhenekera, asiwo yehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mazai mushure mokupisa. Maererano nehuwandu, nhamba yevakapukunyuka mushure mekugadzirisa maitiro embryo haisi pasi pe95 muzana.

Chii chinoitika mushure mokupisa?

Pashure pokudziya, embryo inenge isiri yakasiyana nemabhesi. Ivo vanofanirwawo kudzidzira uye kukura. Kana kuchidziya, mazai ose anova nehutano hwekudzivirira. Mukuita ichi chiito, nzvimbo yakasara ye embryo inoparadzaniswa nelasirosiki pane inodiwa uye yakachengeteka. Izvi zvinokurudzira kusunungurwa kwema embryo kubva pamakumbo uye kunowedzera mukana wekubudirira kupfurikidza muuterine cavity.

Kusungurudza kunobvumira kuchengetwa kwamazai kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinoshandiswa mune zvehupfumi, sezvo mutengo wekuchengetedza, kupisa uye kuiswa kwema embryo mu uterine cavity isingapfuuri kudzokororwa kwei in vitro fertilization.

Iko kubwinya kunofungidzirwa sekushanduka kwechigadziko, uko kunotonhorera kunotonhora pasi pekushanda kwegirazi. Panguva imwecheteyo, inoramba iine amorphous, inogadzirisa chigadzirwa chegirasi uye unhu hwakafanana nekristalline solids. Nokudaro, zvose masero mapenyu, uye kunyange mucheche wose unova "girazi". Izvo zvinonzi vitreous chimiro chemvura munguva yekubhabisa zvinowanikwa pamusana pekutsvaira kwayo kwakakurumidza, kureva kuti, entropy yemvura inoderera pamusoro penguva shomanana yenguva kupfuura ye entropy yekodhi yakarongeka.

Mumashoko akajeka, mvura yacho haisviki kana entropy yayo yaswedera kune entropy yekristini. Asi kuitira kuti zvirongedze zvakanaka muviri wenyama, zvakakosha kuti uwane chiyero chekushisa kwekushisa kwe ≈ 108 ° C / min, iyo inoshanda isingakwanisi, nokuti mvura yegyogenic inoshandiswa haina kukwana kutonhorera kweizvi, uye sarudzo yakagadziriswa haigone kushandiswa mumutengo muduku kudarika izwi Oocyte. Izvo zvose zvinosanganisira vitrification yemamu. Chii chave ikozvino chave chakawedzera kana chisina kujeka.

Masayendisiti akakwanisa kuratidza kuti kuwedzera kwemamiriro ekunze kwemafunguro e-cryoprotectants kunoita kuti zvive nyore kukurumidza kuderedza chiyero chemafuta. Nokudaro, nehuwandu hwe 10% ethylene glycol uye propylene glycol, iyo yakawanda yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya, ine 40 muzana yehuwandu, huwandu hwemagetsi hunokwanisika nehuwandu hunotonhorera hwe 10 ° C / min, uye pa 60% madonheji akaderera kusvika 50 ° C / min. Asi nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinokonzera zvinopinda mukati moutachiona, simba ravo risina kunaka pakukanda kwezvinyorwa zvinowedzera. Kupisa zvishoma kunokonzera kuunganidzwa kwemvura yakachena mumutumbi wezvisikwa uye intracellular element. Ichi chiitiko chinoratidzwa nekuda kwesimba rakasimba remasero nechitarisiko che extracellular ice.

Saizvozvowo, apo girazi-sechigadziro chinowanikwa, makemikari nemagadzirirwo emvura ekudzikisa mvura kwechimiro anorega. Pasinei nokuti mavriyumu embryos (ayo akataurwa pane zvakadzama pamusoro apa) ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma muviri, zvigadzirwa zvegadziriro yakadaro zvinogona kuwanikwa muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva (girasi, silicone nezvakadaro).

Vitrification ye embryo: kuongorora

Iyi nzira inongounganidza mhinduro yakanaka. Maitiro ekuvhenekera anogona kuitika. Asi ine zvakawanda zvinowanikwa pamatanho akasiyana ekuvandudza muECO-laboratories. Vitrification haisi iyo nzira itsva yekutengesa kwemasero anorarama. Ndiyo nzvimbo yekupedzisira yekunonoka kunononoka. Nhasi, vakadzi vakawanda vane mukana wokuberekera mwana kuburikidza nekubudirira kwesayenzi.

Mhedziso

Pamusana pebasa remasayendisiti akawanda, kubwinya kunogona kuitwa kunze kwekushandisa mari inodhura yakagadzirirwa mahwendefa, asi nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvinotungamirirwa neanoshandisa. Nokudaro, nzira yacho iri nyore uye chigumisiro chekupedzisira chiri nani. Pasinei nekubudirira kwakanyanya mukugadzirisa, kugona kwekuchengetedza kwakakwana kwezvinhu zvipenyu panguva yakadzika hazvibviri nhasi.