Three-mabhii ndima saizi. Mabhii uye-mabhii matatu ndima hukuru

Lyrics - Ichi ndicho chakanakisisa chipo, nhasi akagamuchira mupenyu zvizvarwa yemadzitateguru. Nokufamba kare vanhu ndezvechokwadi ounyanzvi vakasikwa vari: epics uye ballads, nhetembo uye enganonyorwa. Maererano nedzimwe nevaongorori, chero mabhuku kunotanga nhetembo, nokuti ndima - chokutanga kuti mvura yaro yakaita rusvingo kubva pakutaura kwezuva nezuva.

Two mhando unyanzvi hwokutaura

Poetry uye prose haana kumbosiyana nechiratidzo chete - zvinoitwa mutinhimira, ruzha, kana graphical maonero ... chaiwo hurongwa sangano tsamba nemashoko. Vaongorori Vakandikomberedza mibvunzo inoverengeka: sei akasimuka kwokutanga - mundima kana prose? Zvakarurama uye akakwana? Sei vanhu vanoda nhetembo? Izvi nyaya inoshandawo nguva dzose, uye haukwanisi kupa chaicho mhinduro kwavari. Kubva ake zvokudetemba basa, kwete zvose vaduku geniuses vanoziva kuti mbiri-mabhii ndima uye-divi matatu, sei kuisa kusimbisa uye anombomira. Asi kamwe, kwete pasina kubatsira afungisisa anoti, mitsetse vanotanga kuonekwa, vanogona kuona vaakasarudza mutinhimira, uye gare gare imwe kufarira nzira pakuronga kutaura kunogona kurondwa yose nzira rokusika munyori.

Nhoroondo Russian nhetembo

Mabviro chero izwi iri kazhinji chokuita kare, sezvo chikonzero zvose zvinhu uye mananara kare vakapiwa mamwe mazita. Rinoshandurwa kubva pane rechiGiriki rokuti "ndima" rinoreva "nhamba". achidetemba ane sangano, kuburikidza iyo chigadzirwa zviri nyore kuyeuka. Enhetembo chinyorwa Zvinofadza nekuti mariri tiri rakakamurwa zvimwe zvikamu, ayo anotsigirwa Graphics. Mukati zvokudetemba mutsetse, tinowana kudzokororwa akasimbisa uye unstressed mabhii, izvo zvinoumba murwi wemagazini. Mumabhuku kutsoropodzwa pane vaviri-mabhii uye-mabhii matatu kukura ndima pentameter uye ferrets, amphibrach, anapaest uye Dactyl.

Munguva dzekare, paive anenge 30 tsoka. Russian versification hwakabva syllabic kuti tonic kuburikidza syllabic-tonic. Chechipiri Hurongwa kunobva unokosha musimboti - mumutsara mumwe nomumwe kusimbisa awire pamusoro Penultimate mabhii. Kusawirirana phonetics mutauro Russian nedzimwe zvakakonzera chidzoke itsva nzira Uyezve, uye kuchinja kuitwa mirayiridzo iyi V. Tretyakov, M. Lomonosov uye A. East. Hwaro syllabo- tonics ndiyo fanana uchidzokorora chemabhazi.

Two-mabhii ndima saizi

Avhareji kureba mashoko Russian anenge 3 mabhii. Zviviri-mabhii enhetembo kukura mune mutinhimira mapatani kuonekwa rutsoka unstressed disyllabic. Mutinhimira sangano anoshanda pakuti mutsetse kureba. In chorea kunetseka weveta rechipiri mabhii ari iambe - pakutanga. Zvichienderana nokuwanda mabhii, ndivo zviviri, mashanu, four-, five-, kana shestistopnymi freestyle. In mabasa evanyori Russian kuti hukuru zvose kundochingamidza ndima.

Mienzaniso chorea anogona kuwanikwa A. Pushkin kuti "Winter Evening": "... Storm / mhute / Sky / nhema ...". Kunyora akakurumbira yokufungidzira "Eugene Onegin" Ndima Nyanduri akasarudza iambe tetrameter: "... sekuru vangu / vakawanda / Honest / kodzero ...". Kazhinji kufuratirwa nokuti kugarwa mwero kushushikana kana, Ukuwo, richiwanika panguva mhesano mashoko.

Three-mabhii ndima saizi

Kuwedzera iambe uye trochaic mu syllabic-tonic zvinosanganisira dactyl, anapaest uye amphibrach. Poems akanyorwa nenzira yakawanda pedyo mukutaura kwemazuva ose. Kazhinji, kusimbisa mavari kazhinji inopfuura, zvakawanda zvinogona kuwanikwa dzokororo pamusoro akasimbisa mabhii. Mumashoko K. Vishnevsky anogona kuzivisa kuti amphibrach uye anapaest vakava kwakapararira chete pakati pezana-namapfumbamwe remakore, mu ichatonga zvine mbiri okugadzira zvinhu Lermontov.

Dactyl - trisyllabic ndima saizi, umo madudziro emazwi weveta rokutanga mabhii. mudetembi Russian Nekrasov kazhinji vakasarudza mutinhimira yakadaro basa rake vakanga ndawana tonally kuchinja, "mbiri / Autumn! zdo / rOvy I / Draenei / mhepo kubva / simbi / simba Bo / drita ".

Amphibrach aiwanzoshandisa kunyora ounyanzvi ake Symbolist vadetembi akadai Alexander Blok, Bryusov, Z. Gippius. K. Balmont akanyora kuti pasina trisyllabic upenyu hwaizova monotonous kukura, uye kunyange akatsaurira detembo nyaya iyi, "chorea / Yamba uye /, nenzwi radzo / Short / I kunzwa / kutsutsumwa / hova."

In anapaest kushushikana chikawira pamusoro rokupedzisira mabhii. Pakati vadetembi Russian ichi ndima trisyllabic saizi sezvaari A. Sumarokov mu ode yake "Vakomana villains", "riri pagungwa / pamahombekombe / ndigere / kwete nyore / Anoenda mOsm / D ngaaone." Nokukurumidza kudanana nemamwe vanatenzi ari mudanga zhinji, uye kuwedzera kuzviratidza mabasa akanyorwa anapaest.

Kuona kukura ndima nemazvo

Iambe, trochee kana amphibrach ... Zvinoita sokuti, kuziva musiyano pakati pavo hakuna kuoma. Zvaringana kuti ngaaverenge nhamba mabhii uye isa madudziro emazwi rworudyi, uye kukura kamwe payo anozivikanwa. Nhasi kuongorora nhetembo kuti vadzidzi uye vadzidzi rorusununguko Philology. Izvi mhando ongororo kwakakurumbira chaizvo, uye zvakakosha kuita zvakarurama, kuti mudzidzisi vakarumbidza basa. Dzimwe nguva, kuona kukura mutsetse zvakaoma chaizvo, saka ose mutsva philologist vanofanira nguva dzose kuva chiine tafura manhamba chichiita tsamba zvinhu iamb, dactyl kana amphibrach.

Wekutanga pfungwa huru ongororo - the inogara madudziro emazwi. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti chisarudzo pamusoro mutinhimira munyori anoshandisa nzira apo pane zvatinosiita inotaura chimwe nzvanyira mabhii. Somuenzaniso: Ngavave / vari kugeza / zvizere Glu / remarara / simuka / uye / enda / Onex. In yake yakakurumbira nhetembo Silentium! F. Tiutchev akasarudzwa kwete chete nzira wepakutanga kusimbisa "enda" shoko, asi pirrihirovannye anodzivira kana kushushikana akapembera.

The chinhu chechipiri unofanira kuverenga chii mavhawero vari dzinounzwa simba kuvhota. Figures pamwe akasimbisa mabhii achaita zvinoenderana pandima miganhu:

Zvakakodzera placement pamusoro madudziro emazwi unogona pakarepo tsvaka izvo mavhawero vari achigona. Kubva tafura zvichava nyore kuona chigadzirwa CM, dactyl kana yakatarwa pentameter.

Netsika vanyori Russian: kukura nhetembo kubudikidza Pushkin, Lermontov, Blok

Kazhinji vanotaura neshumo guru basa rake kuedza kushandisa ose anonyengera, asi zvakaoma haana kuona kuti mumwe nomumwe anoda mumwe mutinhimira. Zvinenge zvose vokutanga nhetembo ose Pushkin, kusanganisira ake nhetembo yokutanga kukuru "Ruslan uye Ekaterina", rakanyorwa zviviri-mabhii iambe. Three-mabhii ndima saizi rinonzwika zvishoma nesimba uye kwazvo, asi akawana tsitsi vadetembi zhinji. Mienzaniso dactyl anogona kuwanikwa M. Lermontov. Tsika kunyora ternary hukuru kusimukira ari panosangana 19-20 emakore, uye ayo nevanyori mberi Symbolists. Dzimwe nguva Blok, Z. Gippius, Akhmatova nevamwe vakadzokera shure kubva syllabic-tonic uye akanyora mabasa avo vanonzi "yakakurumbira" mutinhimira musangano panheyo co-nokuyerwa akasimbisa mabhii ari pemitsara. Mabhii uye zvitatu-mabhii saizi dzakashandisa mutauro wokuRussia, saka nzira iyi VaGumbo nhetembo zvino vakawanda vade uye nokufamba kwenguva handizonzwiwo rirasikirwe kwayo.