The vharafu pneumothorax: Zvinokonzera, Zviratidzo, kuongorora chirwere neMarapirwo

In chirwere chakadai, somunhu vharafu pneumothorax, pleural munharaunda okisijeni aibuda, uwandu uko zvishoma kuwedzera. The kuratidzwa zvokurwara kwakadaro chokuita zvakakurumbira vharuvhu kushanda. Vakaicheka wakaputsika maererano kupinda mhepo kubva mapapu ari pleura uye hazviiti yaro neizvi kufamba. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, ari mubhokisi nharaunda anokonzera kurwadziwa, nokuti pane chinokosha kuderera zvemapapu vhoriyamu uye chirongwa inhalation yakaoma.

Akadaro pathological mamiriro yave kuzivikanwa refu chaizvo nguva, uye chokuita rwayo nemigumisiro pulmonary tibhii. Asi tichishandisa ichangopfuura, kwakaonekwa kuti chirwere rinowanika pakarepo. zvokurwara iri panoonekwa kazhinji kana matambudziko kufema chokuita atsamwira pamusoro bullae.

mhando

Pneumothorax vharafu nechomukati uye zvokunze, uye zvinoenderana nokuumbwa mashandiro. Internal maonero pneumothorax kunoitika nokuda kukuvadza huru principales uye kuvapo maronda Pacchiwaku chiedza. Pleural mhango izere mhepo kuburikidza akaremara iri visceral pleura. Muchiitiko ichi icho anoita somunhu vharafu kurova-rova yemapapu rinenge izvo inspiratory mhepo ichapfuura, uye asingauyi exhale mbudo gasi kudzokera zvemapapu.

Chokunze Chimiro pneumothorax kunoratidzwa ndechokuti basa vharuvhu mune iyi ndiyo nyoro zvinyama kukuvara pechipfuva. Inhalation ndakakuvadza micheto vanotanga richikura, mumhepo anogona takasununguka kupinda munzvimbo pleural mhango panguva nedzinovengwa uye kuderera kunoitika makomba ronda pasina kuudza zvakare.

Zvinokonzera chirwere

The vharafu pneumothorax ane yakasiyana zvikonzero kuwanikwa. Kakawanda chinhu nokushushikana vaingoerekana pezvakaita chirwere.

The mhaka ronda (zvinorwadza) ndiro namahwindo pneumothorax bhokisi kunotevera, achiperekedzwa atsamwira nokuda zvemapapu rinenge kana bhokisi rakapinza ronda. Saka pane kumbonyanya nokukurumidza "chokuedza" pamusoro pachipfuva rusvingo kuvhura maronda, ukuwo bronchus ronda inoramba gape. Nokuti ichi mhando kukuvara dzinosanganisira:

• rumbabvu mitswe;
• vapfurwa uye banga Maronda kuna muchipfuva;
• kukuvara bronchus kana yegurokuro vatorwa muviri;
• kuwa kubva kumusoro;
• discontinuities principales uye t. d.

Vaingoerekana pneumothorax kunoratidzwa aparadzanisa chomugove dzakachinja pamusoro zvemapapu tishu. Batsirawo Kuti kukura zvokurwara iyi inotevera zvirwere:

• tiibhii;
• bullous emphysema, kuti bapu;
• cystic fibrosis;
• bapu pute ;
• pneumoconiosis and said.

Zvinokonzera kuti pave vaingoerekana pneumothorax vari vangakosora, Diving, panyama kushushikana, uye zvichingodaro. D.

zviratidzo

Kazhinji, kana vharuvhu pneumothorax murwere ari kutsoropodza ezvinhu. He anogumbukira, pane raidudzwa kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kuripa pamapfudzi chipande, pamafudzi uye dumbu. Anotanga mberi nokukurumidza kupfupika mweya, simba, cyanosis, pane kurasikirwa pfungwa, kuwedzera intercostal dzezvimwe, anowedzera njodzi divi pachipfuva. Palpitations kupfupika mweya, hypotension, tachycardia - tiri zviratidzo valvular pneumothorax.

Mhepo kukurumidza kuunganidza ari pleural mhango anogona kukonzera cardiac kana pulmonary insufficiency, zvichikonzera rufu kunoitika. Pakupera matambudziko zvirwere zvinosanganisira empyema pleural effusion uye reactive.

Diagnostics

Doctor pamwe murwere kuongororwa inoratidza subcutaneous emphysema, kuti backlog panguva kufema uri zvakakanganisa kurutivi mubhokisi, flattening intercostal dzezvimwe. Kushandisa X-ray chiedza dzakaonekwa atelectasis nemichina mune utano divi mediastinum mumvuri.

Pleural ponji pamwe manometer kunoita kusiyanisa kubva mumwe akazaruka, akadzivira uye vharafu pneumothorax. Kana mvura aripo, kuti chido rinoitwa kumwe kutsvakurudza uye pleural effusion pamusoro cellular nziyo uye microflora. Kuziva nzvimbo uye kukura pleural fistula, kuitisa chirwere thoracoscopy uye plevroskopiyu.

mabatiro

The Mabatirwo valvular pneumothorax wokutanga anofanira zvainanga decompression pamusoro mediastinum uye yemapapu, uye kuti muite izvozvo nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kuti tiite izvi zvinoyerera transthoracic ponji kana thoracostomy vane kwairayirwa nokuiswa kungotarisa abudise Byulau. Chete pashure murwere manipulations vakadaro zvifambiswe kuchipatara mamwe kurapwa.

Kudzikamisa ezvinhu omurwere, izvozvo chinotarisirwa non-marwadzo uye marwadzo analgesics, zvemwoyo mishonga, nemishonga, antitussives.

Zvakakosha kuti kutamira vharuvhu kuti namahwindo pneumothorax. Kuti aite izvi unofanira kugara ubvise pleural mhango. Kana mhepo nokuyerera rinomira pamusoro abudise, ichi rinoratidza chisimbiso mhango. Abudise anobvisa mazuva maviri pashure zvizere Kuzarurwa ari yemapapu, kana yasimbiswa radiographically.

Kana chiedza hachisi kukwanisa kupararira, kuti kuvhiya dambudziko pneumothorax. Damage thorax inoda suturing kuti maronda uye thoracotomy. Kana paine njodzi apiwa dzidzo kwatangwa pneumothorax vharuvhu, ipapo kushandisa kuvhiya pakurapa chaicho chirwere. Zvichienderana zvokurwara vanoita segmentectomy, bilobektomiyu, shoma zvemapapu resection, lobectomy, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, uye dzimwe kupindira.

Emergency kubatsirwa chirwere

Pane mamiriro ezvinhu kuti murwere kungada rubatsiro nokukurumidza mune vharafu pneumothorax. Kuti aponese upenyu hwake, unofanira:

• hasha munhu;
• kupa naye kuwana mhepo yakachena;
• Tsvaka zano zvokurapa pakarepo.

rubatsiro First ndiko kuponjesa gobvu tsono bhokisi rusvingo. Nokuda ichi zvinokwanisika nokukurumidza kuderedza soro kumanikidzwa vari pleura.

Prevention uye fungidziro

Kuomesa kwakaita valvular pneumothorax iri kuvhunduka yemapapu chirwere pneumoempyema, cardio-pulmonary insufficiency. Nguva kupa rubatsiro rwokurapa ekubatsira kuzadzisa apore.

Kudzivirira chirwere nechinangwa kudzivisa tsaona. Uyezve, panguva dzose rokuongorora pulmonologist, tiibhii uye thoracal chiremba kunongedza varwere pulmonary zvokurwara.

mhedziso

Saka, vharuvhu pneumothorax anonzi chirwere ngozi zvikuru umo kunonoka rubatsiro urwu chinourayisa. Naizvozvo, varwere zvokurwara ichi vanofanira nguva dzose kubvunza chiremba, uye nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.