The mari zvazviri uye kuzvitsinhanisa maturo - kiyi kunzwisisa kukura nokuchinja kudiwa

Kazhinji Kuchinja chinokosha mitengo kutungamirira vasanyanye kudiwa. Chikonzero ndechokuti pane mari kushanda uye ari kuzvitsinhanisa zvazviri izvo kutsanangura kuti zvakanyatsoenzana purogiramu mhando iyi mumusika. Izvi zviviri zviitiko zviri interconnected kuti vaongorori vachiri kushanda kutanga nzira inobatsira kusiyanisa quantitatively rova yavo.

kuti kuzvitsinhanisa nezvinozoitika kuti mutengi ndehwokuti kutenga zvimwe zvinhu, kukosha iyo yakaderera, dzichiritsiva pavo nenhumbi anodhura. Saka pachena kukanganisa kwokudiwa mutengo anotsiva zvinhu, chido vatengi kutenga zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Kana Sevamiririri anodhura, uchamera, uye kana zvishoma, zvino kuwa. Zvisinei, mari chaizvoizvo uye kuzvitsinhanisa inoita haana chokuita muumbozha zvinhu uye anonzi Giffen zvinhu. Izvi imhaka yokuti panyaya imwe vectors izvi anoita nesimba kupfuura dzimwe, saka kwokudiwa richachinja ceteris paribus zvakafanana mirayiridzo sezvo mutengo nhumbi.

Muchidimbu, mari nezvinozoitika kuti apo achidzikisa mutengo, pane kusunungurwa mutengi wacho bhajeti, izvo zvinoita nekaupenyu kari. Kana mutengo rimwe zvinokosha pasi zvinhu kunowedzera, zvinova huri murombo, zvinoita kuti chokwadi chokuti akazoita kudyiwa anenge ose dzose zvikomborero. Pano achipinda kushanda uye kuzvitsinhanisa maturo, izvo zvinoita kuti mutengi kutsvaka Sevamiririri kuti aikoshesa zvigadzirwa kuti kukwanisa kugutsa zvavanoda zvose zvizere. Naizvozvo, yaisanganisa mugumisiro mari uye kuzvitsinhanisa zvinokonzerwa kuchikosha rokubaya mitengo uye makwikwi ari indasitiri, uye nokudaro ari pamusika mamiriro.

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, upfumi pane dambudziko Kusiyanisa zvainoita kwakakura kwokudiwa maviri oppositely rinotungamirirwa vectors. The kushanda mari uye kuzvitsinhanisa zvinokonzerwa zvinowanzonzi pachishandiswa nzira mbiri. Vateveri wokutanga kusvika, yakataurwa Ee Slutsky, vanoomerera kuti ndiye anogona kunzi chete kuti pamwero mari, izvo zvinopa chete yakatarwa mishonga. Slutskii graphical womuenzaniso kunoratidza kuti Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kusarudza mutengi vagara vandifungira pfungwa tangency vasingakendengi munyonga uye bhajeti mutsetse. Kuongorora kushanda mari uye kuzvitsinhanisa zvinokonzerwa vachiravana, Slutsky anoswedera mamwe bhajeti mutsetse chokuita nokuchinja hama Mari mutengi anokonzerwa kuderera kana nokuwedzera mutengo nenhumbi. Ipapo musayendisiti kuitisa mumwe bhajeti mutsetse, asi pasina Panyaya wokutanga chinhu kunoita kuti isu ngaaverenge kuzvitsinhanisa maturo achibatsirwa ari graphical womuenzaniso.

A zvakafanana kusvika chinoratidzwa vatorwa Economist John. Hicks, uyo anobva pakuti hama pamwero mari kunoenderana utility kwenhumbi kuti watengwa paari. Naizvozvo, kana zvakasiyana, mu kwakakwana mashoko mari kupa zvakafanana zvinodiwa, vachaenzana mune hama nemashoko.