The inductive reactance kuna AC redunhu

Mumweya magetsi wedunhu iri mhando mbiri - basa uye reactive. Active vanomirirwa resistors, incandescent, kudziyisa Coils uye zvichingodaro. Nemamwe mashoko, ose okunze umo kuitika chokubuda iri zvakananga anoita anobatsira basa kana, mune imwe nyaya chaiyo, kubereka zvinodiwa kudziyisa kondakita. Uyewo, kuti ndege - amburera izwi. Rinoreva kuti capacitive uye inductive reactance. The Dunhu zvinhu ane reactance, nokufamba Magetsi kuitika siyana zvenguva simba kutendeuka. A capacitor (capacitance) rinoungana mhosva, uye ipapo anotuma nayo kune loop. Mumwe muenzaniso - the inductive reactance pamusoro coils, iri makanga mune mugove zvemagetsi simba kuchinjwa kuva remagineti.

Kutaura zvazviri, "wakachena" kana rinoita reactances kwete. Nguva dzose zvakasiyana zvinoriumba aripo. Somuenzaniso, apo pakuverenga tambo kuti kure simba mitsetse, kufungawo kwete chete kuti nemishonga, asiwo capacitive. Uye kukurukura inductive reactance, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvose conductors uye simba nerubatsiro vari kuita zvimwe kuchinja Masvomhu.

Nokufunga zvachose kurwisa kwemutariri mugove, zvakakodzera peta zvinoshingaira uye reactive zvinoriumba. Uyezve, kuti zvakananga chitsama zvatinosiita kwemasvomhu mashandiro zvisingabviri, saka shandisa (vector) nzira geometric kuvaka. Anovaka kodzero, triangle ane cathetus maviri zvinoshingaira uye inductive impedance, uye hypotenuse - zvizere. Kureba zvikamu zvacho zvakafanana magetsi tsika.

Chimbofunga inductive reactance kuna AC remudunhu. Inomiririra nyore dunhu rine simba tsime (emf, E), mumwe resistor (resistive zvinoriumba, R) uye coils (inductance, L). Sezvo inductive reactance riri kukonzerwa kuzvinzwira Kutemeswa EMF (E B) ari majana ose coils, zviri pachena kuti kunowedzera redunhu inductance uye kuwedzera ukoshi inoyerera kuburikidza redunhu ano.

mutemo Ohm nokuda dunhu ichi sokunge:

E + E B = ini R.

Mushure Pakusarudza nguva rinobva pamusoro kuitika (I Zvirevo) kuverenga kuzvipira induction:

E Si = -L * I AVE.

"-" chiratidzo mu mukana wokuti vanhu vanga kunoratidza kuti migumisiro E Si kunangana kuchinja kuitika ukoshi. Lenz Utongi inoti kana paine shanduko chero mamiriro kuzvidzora Kutemeswa EMF. Sezvo kuchinja kwakadaro mumatunhu AC vari dzinongoitika (uye tiri kugara), kuti E B anoumba munhu nouchapupu nemishonga kana kuti nemishonga uyewo ndezvechokwadi. Kana munhu simba rine zvakananga ano , ukama uyu haasi kugutsikana uye kana kuedza kubatanidza coils (inductance) mudunhu yakadaro pfupi-redunhu wakaramba kwakaitika Classic

Kukurira E B simba nerubatsiro anofanira vaunze anogona musiyano iri coils zvakawanwa kuti zvakanga zvakakwana, zvichida iri E Si kuramba muripo. It seizvi:

U = -CA katsi Si.

Nemamwe mashoko, voltage mhiri inductor ndiyo dziwande akaenzana electromotive simba yokuzvidzora induction.

Sezvo chete kuwedzera kuitika mudunhu anowedzera simba remagineti zvinozoita zvinowanisa Eddy munda anokonzera kukura mune countercurrent inductance, mumwe anogona kuudza kuti pane chimwe chinhanho kuchinja pakati voltage uye iyezvino. Nokudaro rimwe chinhu: nokuti kuzvipira induction EMF chinonditadzisa shanduko chero iri kuitika, kana anowedzera (yokutanga kota nguva imwe sinusoid mu) pakaunda munda vanowanika, asi kuwa (wechipiri rokuti) Mukupesana - iri vakafurira Kuyerera codirectional pamwe chawo. Ndiko, kana uchapupu kuvapo dzakanakira simba rine pasina munyika nemishonga uye inductance pasina yezviri zvinoriumba, asi vibration simba "tsime - coil" aigona kuitika nokusingagumi.