The excretory maitiro wemunhu

Excretory (secretory) hurongwa muunganidzwa miviri iyo aite Kusarudza.

The dzose kushanda muviri kunoratidzwa rusingaperi zvemukati ezvinhu. Zvikurukuru, parameters ayo anosanganisira zvachose kugutsikana uye nhamba mvura mavhoriyamu dzezvimwe, izvo kunobva osmotic uye hydrostatic kuvafurira. Kuchengetedza nguva dzose pamusoro parameters izvi kunofanira kuomesa zvaidiwa kushaya kuti osmotic vanoshingaira zvinhu uye mvura nenhanho rinodyiwa.

Kushanda excretory gadziriro iri pamwe akaita mumapapu, nemudumbu uye ganda. Zvisinei, chikuru nhengo dzose kubviswa ndivo neitsvo.

Nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira kuchibva nhengo kuti aite basa iri inotungamirwa uye excretion kuti weti (Urinary nhengo) uye nhengo kunobatanidzwa kubereka (nhengo dzokubereka nadzo). mitumbi Both Mapoka chokuita vakuru uye morphologically. Excretory hurongwa zvinosanganisira itsvo, ureter, dundira uye urethra.

Itsvo dziri munzvimbo retroperitoneal nharaunda iri mativi ose musana mbiru. Kodzero itsvo dzinowanzoona yakaderera. Izvi imhaka yokuti riri pamusoro pechiropa. Itsvo pedzisai basa nokuumbwa fluid izvo somugumisiro anova weti.

itsvo mamiriro zvinosanganisira vakawanda nephrons (mutete chaizvo convoluted tubules). In pakakoromorwa capsules nephrons ari filtration chinonyanya weti. At zvavo proximal convoluted tubules vari kunyura amino acids, mapuroteni, calcium, shuga, phosphorus kubva chikuru weti. In itsvo mamiriro rine zvikamu ngaatarire akavakirirwa achipfuura ari loop randinogara achiburuka migove, Bends uye vachikwira migove. By lining kurova kworuoko zvikamu sandara masero zvishwe Absorção de Água rikaitika vachikwira migove aita mvura kuwanda uye yavaibvisa kurasikirwa. Pfupi distal anokonzera mberi kusarudza mune zvinyama Urume uye yavaibvisa yaunodya hombe Vhoriyamu mvura.

The distal convoluted tubules kuwira rokuunganidza mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka kuburikidza iyo weti kupinda munharaunda yacho renal chiuno (chaizvoizvo kumwezve kumigumo ureters). Excretory hurongwa outputs kuti weti ureters kupinda dundira, uye mberi - kunze kwomuviri.

Uchida urinate aine kuzvivaraidza pamusoro musculature rokunze uye yomukati madziro sphincter uye zvinoderedza dundira netsandanyama. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti excretory gadziriro iri kushanda anowanzoita, kana iwe urinate nguva mana kusvika matanhatu pazuva nokuda neapo kuunganidza weti iri uwandu 250-300 Rine mamiririta.

Zvirwere excretory ino kungaratidzwa uchirwadziwa ari lumbar nharaunda, paumbwe edema, kuchinja mari uye ruvara weti, kunorwadza weti. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa nokuvapo atypical uye oligosymptomatic zvirwere. Kazhinji, kana murwere chema dzungu, hope, kutemwa nomusoro, utera, ungaderedza unongotaura.

Muzviitiko zvizhinji, zvinokonzera zvirwere nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira vari zvirwere.

Nokurwadziwa kunosiyana zvakanyanya uye dhigirii zviratidzo zvinogona nechokuita nokuumbwa matombo kana bundu.

Normal anonzi segirazi, mashanga-yellow ruvara weti. In febrile zvirwere ayo ruvara inogona shava-yellow vane chidhinha emadhaka. Blood aizonyatsovachenesa weti zvingaratidza pamberi itsvo mabwe, itsvo namamota, uye kunotevera. Kana ukagamuchira mishonga kana mavhitaminzi weti anogonawo kuchinja ruvara rwayo.

Kuzivikanwa muna weti yakawedzera zviri ropa masero machena zvingaratidza pamberi kuzvimba muna itsvo ezasi Urinary turakiti.

Zvikuru rutapudzo of vakawanda vanoshingaira parenchyma kazhinji rinobatanidza renal kukundikana. Panguva iyoyo yakaratidza zvinokosha kutyorwa chikuru kana zvakakwana kurasikirwa kuti itsvo chaitika.