The dhudhumira yomukati: nheyo oparesheni, mudziyo redunhu. Zvakanakira nekuipira kuti sefuro kamuri

Kare pakati pezana remakore rechi20 yakanga akazogadzira rouchenjeri yomukati - zano kuti ari kushingaira kushandiswa kuongorora microparticles. Vakawanda kwave kushandiswa yefizikisi vaicherechedza Microcosm. Kunyange nhasi, pasinei Tichitarisa kukura kwezvinhu zvemazuva ano uye Kuwanikwa siyana zvemagetsi sensors, vadzidzi kuratidza mifananidzo zvacho akaita nokushandisa matema.

About sei paiva kamera

Sezvataona pamusoro apa, pakati pezana remakore rechi20, uye nokugadzirwa anooneka. Uye zvose nokuda chokwadi kuti masayendisiti hwomuviri vaisagona kutarisira kuongorora mhosva inoramba iripo michina. Panguva iyoyo, mumwe nomumwe achiziva chii hwepurotoni, Nyuturoni, Erekitironi uye positron. Muna 1950, kugadzirisa nyaya paaivatambudza D. Glaser. Masayendisiti ari kuedza kushandisa zvose nemakemikari uye utano siyana, zvemagetsi uye mvura uyewo hwakasimba kutendeuka. Asi akasarudza kugara pachigaro chacho chakajairika, kuti kunyatsoenderana, panheyo kushanda musanganiswa overheating. The zvinodiwa zvinokosha kuti Donald akaisa mberi kuvamba ake - refu mhinduro akurumidze, izvo anobvumira kuti utape PARTICIPLE ari mufananidzo panguva yakakodzera. Chokwadi, rouchenjeri mukamuri gore kamuri vari fananei. Asi pane vamwe kusiyana, izvo isu, chokwadi, kutaura.

The dhudhumira yomukati: nheyo chiito

The kushanda Urume yaishandiswa diethyl Eteri, waiva mukana akadai mari yakaderera. Uyezve, unogona kuwanikwa yakachena muchimiro asina dambudziko. Bottom mutsetse kuti vakuchidzire mvura iyi kubika tembiricha (1400 Celsius) uye zvadaro dzaserera kukamuri tembiricha. Panguva ino, kuti mwaranzi inopisa chaibva, somuenzaniso cobalt, zvadaro pamwe penguva inenge 60 mumasekonzi, ari kushanda Urume mamota. Kamwe paminiti zvaigoneka akakunda kwebasa inoramba iri mufananidzo.

All anoratidza zvakajeka Glazer akashandisa makamera maviri, akagadzirwa zvakaoma magirazi uye akazadzwa Eteri. Heating akanga kuitwa kugeza mafuta, uye kumanikidza anogona kudzikiswa kushandisa mubato. Panguva iyi kamera zvichaparadzwa kwakatangwa. Paavhareji puranga zvazvingava akanga 3000 paavhareji wechipiri. Izvi zvaiita kuti akakunda inofamba iri inoramba iri midziyo. Naizvozvo dhudhumira mukamuri akanga zvoga zvishoma, asi uchishandisa pfungwa ndewokuti. Kakawanda vaishandisa Geiger pakaunda, hunoita kuti kuronda chimiro nemwaranzi.

The dhudhumira yomukati: mudziyo

Ikozvino ngatitaurei zvishoma pamusoro chii chipo kuvamba. Kazhinji, mudziyo uyu une mahwindo maduku anoverengeka. Chamber azadzwa rinokosha mvura uye akaisa simba remagineti. Nguva dzose kushandisa kumanikidzwa pamusoro ratinoona. Dzimwe nguva cryostat yaishandiswa, izvo zvakafanira kuchitonhora munhu kushanda mvura (GC), mamota yakaderera tembiricha. Pakarepo asati kusunungurwa radioactive zvinhu kubva akisarareta iri depressurized napamakamuri, uye anogamuchira chaipisa mvura. Zvose ane gakava iri nzira yayo anosiya matema iri kufashaira mvura. Nokuti zvakakwana kuita maitiro chete chikamu chimwe microsecond. Pakarepo ari matema akava Unorudzi zvikuru zvikuru. Kujekesa mwenje uye yaisanganisira makamera matatu, izvo redhiyo kuona.

The chokupedzisira. kuedza

Panguva mukunopera chaiitirwa zvakaoma kuongorora uye trajectory kuti mhosva hunhu radioactive inoramba. Pane zviitiko mapikicha kuti kubudiswa kuitwa mazuva mashoma, asi kurapwa kana mwedzi. Kana iwe kuwana zononoka, zviri anoratidza ndima ane Erekitironi. Vanonzi "chivhariso" akataura pamusoro kuvapo kwazvakarerekera inoramba. Kazhinji, inobva Data vakawana 3-mifananidzo, nokungwarira akayera kufamba trajectory zvinhu. Kana iwe vanogona chose kudzosera mufananidzo, zvaibvira kusika munhu-dimensional matatu mufananidzo. Pakutanga, izvi zvakaitwa nemasayendisiti, asi izvozvo kudzidza aigona kutora makore. Zvinhu zvakachinja nako wakakurumidza zvikuru muitiro veMubatanidzwa makombiyuta,.

On zvakanakira kushandisa kwakadai kamera

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mudziyo maererano nenheyo chiito zvishoma akafanana nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa Wilson. Asi pane vakawanda zvakanakira. Rinonyatsooneka zvinobatsira zvinogona sechinoitika uchishandisa akurumidze, riri kunge munogona kugadzirisa pamusoro mufananidzo zvinokosha chaiyo.

Chimwe chakanakira iri yokuti sezvo kushanda Urume kushandiswa flowable zvinhu kuva mukuru arambe achirema. Zvinonzi zvakawanda zvinowedzera mukana kuti zvichaitika mune chiitiko svikiro akamirirwa. Chii mukana rouchenjeri yokumusoro, saka zviri kuti ichitanga basa rake Zvinotora shoma nguva. parameter uyu ingori chinodiwa kuti kushandisa parachuti iri accelerators pakati siyana. Chaipisa mvura kunogona kuwanikwa nokukurumidza zvakakwana, inoda chete kuti kudzibatsira munyika. Pano, pfungwa, zvose mikuru zvakanakira mudziyo uyu.

A zvishoma pamusoro zvikanganiso

Sezvataurwa kwatangira nyaya ino, zvino pane chete akawandisa siyana zvemagetsi sensors, dzakakwirira yakarurama kuwana zvakanaka zvinhu panguva kumhanya kusarudza zvinhu uchida kuona mufananidzo wavo-dimensional zvitatu. It ari understeer ndivo vanonyanya zvazvakashatira sefuro yomukati. Kazhinji, vakawanda migumisiro pasina mubereko nesayenzi, asi kuti ugone zvisingakoshi ari photo, zvingatora yakati. Chimwe chinetso ndechokuti mudziyo hadzisi zvinogoneka pakarepo vomurova, zvikurukuru, izvi nokuda inertia ari kushanda fluid uye dzimwe parameters chaiko. Pfungwa, zvikanganiso isu mawana, tiende mberi.

On the hwokugadzira divi

Panguva Kushandiswa nzira iyi Detective mhosva nezvimedu zvakanzi vakanyorwa makopi pfuurei 100. sefuro makamuri. Panguva ino, tiri kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana mvura, zvakadai nehelium, rehydrogen, freon, xenon, propane uye nevamwe. Izvi zvinoshandawo tembiricha, iyo yakatanga uye kwakaguma yakaderera chaizvo indoor yemasoja kuti Xenon. "Gargamel" - wokupedzisira rouchenjeri kamuri, dunhu haasi vangasimudzira chakasiyana nevamwe. Asi yomukati wake nemafashamo pamwe vanenge 18 matani Freon. Kombiyuta anobvumirwa kuti yakakura nguva - nesungano pakati kwazvakarerekera pfungwa. The chiratidzazvizhinji pakukura aiva dhayamita kuti 4.5 metres. Mudziyo aida kushandiswa ne rehydrogen. Asi dambudziko ndechokuti wekuvamba boosters itsva kuti akabudisa matanda radioactive nezvimedu ari kumhanya, saka hapana sefuro makamuri havachasungirwi kurarama.

Vamwe dzinokosha

Zvinokosha kuteerera chokwadi kuti pari kamera Data haisi kushandiswa. Zvinenge zvose vavo akanyorwa akabviswa nhoroondo, asi sezvo zvikazooneka, kwaiva vakurumidze sarudzo. Muna 2002, zvacho zvitsva rinonzi pentakvarty akazarurwa vachishandisa matema. Asi zvakare ichi hachisi mugumisiro zvidzidzo iroro, uye chikwata bvunzo mifananidzo vakawana makore akawanda apfuura. Panoti kuti unogona kuwana chinhu chinokosha kubva chii chakaitwa kare.

Uyezve kadambari simba yazvino kunyange yakakwirira kuti kubudiswa mufananidzo mumwe achasiya shoma nguva. Pfungwa, kubudirira pane njanji detector mhando iyi parizvino zvikuru pasi, saka zviri here kushandisa vasina navo, asi kamwe chete experimental Data zvinogona kubatsira nhasi.

mhedziso

Zvakanaka, ndizvo zvose kuti zvingaonekwa akati kuti kwakadaro sefuro kamuri. The wedunhu mudziyo uri nyore, sezvo zvose tsanzira. Kuchitaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro kunyatsoshanda kuti midziyo yakadai hunoenderana pakukura kwavo. The yakakura kamuri, nani mukana kuziva chinhu chinobatsira. Kunyange zvakadaro, pamwe chete kuwedzera kukura kunowedzera mutengo nezvinhu uye kushanda fluid rine anoyevedza mutengo pamwero. Zvino munoziva ari kuti rouchenjeri kamuri, nheyo iyo inobva overheated zvokunwa. Izvi kwave akadzidza kure, saka pari vaiona kuva akakodzera yemagetsi sensors kuti outperform muzvinhu zvose.