Temberi yekare kuCambodia: description, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Cambodia inonyanyoshandiswa kukwezvana vari machechi ayo, munharaunda munyika zhinji. Nhasi tiri kukuudzai pamusoro kupfuura zvinofadza uye rakaisvonaka kuti katyamadza zvisingafungidziriki reliefs uye yepakutanga brickwork.

Temberi kuCambodia inoremekedzwa mundima huru, uye zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vazhinji vavo vachiri pakutsvakurudza rwakazara.

Features nyika

Cambodia kunokwezva vashanyi mavambo - haasi Thailand, zvishoma kumeso uye takasununguka kuti vashanyi. On vafambi kazhinji kuita sa wakaramba nyika yomusango, vakasununguka vanhu kunyemwerera uye kujairika temberi muCambodia. Izvi zvisungo zvinoshamisa kuti vasina kuteerera kunyange Hollywood ane anoramba Anovasarudza sezvo girl nokuda mifananidzo yake.

vafambi seshasha vanoti zvinhu zvine chokuita zvakananga dzinoyevedza wenyika, kuti vave vanoziva vaya chete kuronga rwendo:

1. All temberi vari naka panguva dzakasiyana zuva; vamwe mambakwedza, vamwe masikati, vamwe madekwana.
2. Inspection of hurongwa yekare Zvinotora nguva, saka chiitiko chinofanira kupiwa mazuva zvitatu kuona anonakidza zvikuru nzvimbo. Panguva ino unogona kugara imwe hotera mutaundi raiva pedyo Siem Reap.
3. A zororo Angkor kunzwisisa musoro kufunga kurenda motokari, sezvo zvivako zvakawanda vari kure nomumwe.

Angkor: Cambodia kuti temberi yekare

nharaunda iyi munyika, iyo yakava paucheche makurusa hwacho mu South Asia - Khmer. ukuru dzayo kubudirira ndohwaJehovha IX-XV emakore. Panguva iyoyo, Angkor raiva rimwe remaguta makurusa munyika, uye temberi yake nechakare kure miganhu umambo.

Muna 1431, siam mauto akaparadza guta uye vaigaramo vakamanikidzwa kusiya. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, Angkor, pamwe netemberi uye dzimba dzinopfuura zana vakanga Chokwadi, akasiya pakati rizere dzinopisa masango. Uye chete panguva pakuguma XIX remakore zvakasikwa Ann Muo kubva France akabudisa anoverengeka mabasa zvakatendeka vakazvipira Angkor.

Kunyange Rudyard Kipling akanyora basa rake yakakurumbira pamusoro Mowgli - "Jungle Book" - pashure kushanyira Angkor. Kubvira muna 1992, mutembere iri pasi kudzivirira UNESCO. Izvi yekare vokuCambodia dunhu yava kumba inokosha mapurani Zvivako zviri Khmer Empire.

Angkor - guta rekare

Zvavovo Angkor muri zvapupu ariko makurusa pre-maindasitiri madhorobha muzinda panyika, izvo maererano saizi yayo rinopfuura magetsi New York nhasi rakakura panze miziyamu nzvimbo 200 km². Izvi zvinoita sokuti ibwe netemberi akashongedzwa masvingo sokunge achikura kubva kwegore risingapindiki musango.

nhasi masayendisiti ari kuedza kududzira zvakavanzika kuvakwa wavo, asi Angkor nyatsoongorora anochengeta zvayo zvakavanzika. Sezvo ari ichatonga zvine mbiri hwacho, Angkor nhasi sezvo magineti kuti vafambi uye vatsvakurudzi pasi pose. Uye kana pamazuva akare pano vaifamba vachitengesa, yanhasi kushanya munyika - mashoko vashanyi.

Pasina kuwedzerera, tinogona kutaura kuti temberi kuCambodia uye Angkor zvikurukuru - unoyevedza zvikuru nzvimbo kuSoutheast Asia. Madzimambo Khmer hwacho vakarega hapana mari kuvaka temberi dzakapfuma uye zvaitoshamisa pane ayo vamutangira.

Angkor Wat

The temberi yakanaka pamusoro Angkor Wat (Cambodia) ndiro undisputed rine Angkor. spiers awo chiratidzo uye kuzivikanwa muCambodia. Temberi ine shanu shongwe dzinoyera, namaberere matatu, iyo kuwedzera kureba kurutivi nepakati uye takapoteredzwa nomugero yakazara mvura, wakafara makubhiti 190 metres. Profile kuvakwa simulates unopened lotus maruva.

Wokutanga maberere - ndicho rusvingo rwokunze pamusoro pegomba. It ane mativi shongwe kubva kunze. Ceiling therebetween pamwe panze France wakashongedzwa nzira yokubudisa ari muchimiro lotus, uye kurutivi romukati anoratidza vachitamba vazvionere. The Bhanabhasi-reliefs pamadziro ose matatu maberere, zvinoratidza mifananidzo mungano siyana uye munhau zhinji.

Long avhenyu chinobatanidza maberere rokutanga yechipiri. Zvinokwanisika kukwira pamatanho, izvo mativi vari akashongedzwa zvivezwa seeshumba. In maberere ichi mukati masvingo akashongedzwa nemifananidzo apsar- kuvasikana yokudenga.

Chechitatu maberere ine shongwe shanu, iyo korona chemhando chinjiri. Pane pamawere pezvikwiriso izvo zvinomirira achikwira kuomerwa muumambo vamwari. On masvingo maberere unokwanisa kuona nyoka zhinji. miviri yavo vanoguma vava mushaya seeshumba.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Mabwe Angkor Wat, mvere akafanana kukwenenzverwa machena, akaisa pasina Muitiro unobatanidza mhinduro. Mukuru chivakwa mashoko kuvakwa ichi chaiva sandstone yakapiwa kuna kuvakwa pamwe Kulen Mountain, inova 40? Km kure.

Anenge zvose hukawanika, kusanganisira mbiru uye denga jumpers dzinobviswa kubva ibwe. Pakati 1986 uye 1992, Indian Archaeological Society vakaperekedza kubasa Angkor kudzorerwa. Voshem temberi UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Bayon

Temberi iyi yakavakwa rokukudza Jayavarman VII. It ane nhatu nhanho. The chikuru chikamu chetemberi kushongedzwa - mifananidzo unoratidza zuva upenyu Khmers. Bayon kuCambodia uye ane pasingapindike, mu pakukwirira 4.5 metres. Pairi unogona kuona pachimiro hondo pamusoro Tonle SAP Lake, izvo wakunda pamusoro chamami Jayavarman VII.

Muna 1925, Bayonne akanga kuzivikanwa somunhu tsvene wechiBuddha. Muna 1933, mutemberi, kana pane iri mutsime bhesimendi ake, takawana chidhori Buddha, riri pachena zvinoonekwa kufanana Jayavarman VII. Panguva brahmanistkoy kudzorerwa, kwakaitika pakarepo pashure mutongi afa, asvibiswa. Gare gare, akanga akadzorerwa uye yakaiswa pamusoro chinjiri.

Baphuon

Temberi kuCambodia akasiyana zvachose uye kuti naivowo kukanganisa vashanyi. Kunakidzwa kunoshamisa kuitika Baiona, uende kutemberi pedyo Baphuon. Kwenguva refu nzvimbo ino yave panovakwa pamusoro izvo restorers vakashanda kuti emakore. basa rake ivo jokingly rinonzi kuunganidzwa munyika yakaoma dambanemazwi. maviri chete adarika, vashanyi vaikwanisa kushanyira ichi chekare temberi dzechiHindu. Zvinonzi rwakazvitsaurira kuna Ishe Shiva.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose temberi vekare kuCambodia ndiye simba chaizvo. Vanyori venhau vanoti kuti munguva yekare, Baphuon aiva mumwe yakaisvonaka kwazvo Angkor. Asi mukutanga mashanu remakore rapfuura, akanga akapotsa vava kuda kuparadzwa. vanochera matongo French pamwe chikwata restorers dzakasarudza kuti nzira bedzi kunze - disassembled chose, kusimbisa hwaro, uye chete ipapo uunganidze chivakwa.

Mukutanga 60-ies pamusoro Baphuon yave disassembled. Panguva dismantling pamusoro zvinogumbura temberi zvaive kupinda musango, apo mumwe chikwata ine nhamba yacho. Pakati pezana remakore 70s kune simba munyika vakasvika Khmer Rouge, uye mabasa kudzorerwa dzakamiswa. Gare gare Zvakazoitika kuti ari Khmer Rouge vakaparadza zvinyorwa pamusoro dismantling temberi, uye hapana ruzivo rinofanira ndaitora 300 000 ibwe zvinogumbura. Architects vaifanira kushandisa mifananidzo uye ndangariro vemo.

Ta Prohm

Zvichida hachimboregi katyamadza vashanyi kuna muCambodia. Netemberi ari musango, unogona kuona rinenge yose nyika. Asi mumwe wavo - Ta Prohm - chete zvakakwana anokodzera rondedzero Kipling. Izvi rakakura temberi-yemamongi, Wakanyura zvachose musango.

Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti kupfuura wokufananidzira pamusoro Angkor, izvozvo zvinoshamisa mhepo, izvo vakasikwa pemiti makuru kuti putira akapoteredza masvingo. Ivo kumera kuburikidza pamatombo uye ugoisa pamusoro shongwe. Kwemazana emakore akawanda midzi zvakakurira pamwe pamadziro kuitira kuti miti hazvigoni kubviswa pasina kukuvadza zvivako.

Ta Prohm yakavakwa paitonga Jayavarman sezvo muBhudha tembere, iyo anopindura mundima huru. Zvisinei, mavakirwo haina kufanana nevamwe mutemberi kuCambodia. Zviri cheni imwe-storey zvivakwa, ayo interconnected ne kuburikidza namaberere uye ndima. Vakawanda vavo havana iripo, sezvo kutyiswa namabwe.

Yokusiyana tembere iyi kuti ibwe masvingo akanyorwa wakaiswa pamusoro zvekare. On ibwe Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa Angkor National Museum nhasi, zvakavezwa kuti ichatonga zvine mbiri temberi vaiva 3140 misha, apo 79 365 vanhu vaiita basa, 18 vakanga vachishumira vaprista, 2,800 vanamabharani. Inside temberi rikagara kuramba kuti vanopfuura 12 000 vanhu.

At nzvimbo dondo dzinoitwa temberi nhasi, kare raiva guta guru rine bishi, uye kuchengeta yakawanda Zvishongo ari papfuma yake. Zvino zvakaoma kudavira, sezvo zvivako zvakawanda matongo. Miti kwemarudzi maviri: chikuru - banyan muti pamwe hobvu, chiedza mashava midzi, uye wechipiri - muonde, ari strangler. Zvinonzi dzinoratidzwa muzvizhinji kuti mutete, yakarurama pfumbu midzi.

mbeu muti vanowira mitswi iri masonry pakuvaka uye midzi vanokura pasi, Munotatamura pasi. Isu kare kuti temberi kuCambodia vanokwanisa vakashamiswa kunyange nezvirahwe masayendisiti ano. Mumwe wavo - zvokutemerwa pamadziro etemberi Ta Prohm mufananidzo ane dainoso, iyo anotungamirira rudo kuunza mapoka evashanyi. Zvisinei, kusvikira zvino hapana kutsanangura apo Khmers vekare vaigona kuona dainoso.