T-mubatsiri masero, chii ichocho? Dzidza zvinorehwa mubatsiri T masero kumutswa kana kutura

Muviri kunosanganisira muzvizhinji yenhengo vari kugara ukama nemumwe. Huru zvigadziriswe ndiwo: kufema, zvomudumbu, zvemwoyo, urogenital, kwemakemikari anobudiswa uye huta nehurongwa. Kuti adzivirire chimwe nechimwe yenhengo izvi, pane chinokosha kuzvidzivirira. Mashandiro kuti inotidzivirira kubva inokuvadza zvezvakatipoteredza zvinofurira, haibatanidzwi. He, kufanana nezvimwe enyika muviri, ane chokuita nechepakati tsinga uye kwemakemikari anobudiswa midziyo.

Basa zvirwere mumuviri

The chikuru basa kutapata - yokuzvidzivirira pamusoro dzimwe zvinhu izvo kupinda kubva kwezvakatipoteredza kana vanowanika endogenously panguva pathological kwendangariro. Chiito chake anoita kuburikidza mumasero anokosha ropa - lymphocytes. Lymphocytes vari ropa masero machena uye hwakasiyana-siyana vari nguva dzose aripo ari mumuviri womunhu. Zvibereko zvavo zvinoratidza kuti hurongwa iri kunetseka yokumwe mumiririri, uye zvinoderedza - kukundikana muviri dzokuzvidzivirira - Immune Deficiency. Chimwe basa riri kurwisa neoplasms, izvo zvakatanga chirongwa nokuda bundu necrosis chikonzero. The rokuzvidzivirira unotora munhu muzvizhinji miviri, izvo kushumira sokunotadzisa inokuvadza zvinhu. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

• ganda;
• ari thymus;
• chirwatata;
• node nodes;
• dzvuku mwongo;
• ropa.

Kune 2 mhando zvigadziriswe kuti zvakabatana chaizvo. Cellular kutapata anoita kudzora inokuvadza nezvimedu ne T-lymphocytes. zvivako izvi, akavapindurawo, dziya kupinda T mubatsiri masero, T-suppressor uye T-muurayi masero.

Shanda cellular kutapata

Cellular kutapata anoshanda pachiyero duku hurongwa muviri. kudzivirira Izvi zvinosanganisira dzinoverengeka lymphocytes siyana, chimwe nechimwe anoita yakananga basa. Vose zvinobva kuna chena muropa masero uye kugara unorema pavo. Zita T-lymphocytes kwakakonzerwa kunzvimbo ravakaberekerwa - the thymus. The thymus shwanu anotanga kubudisa zvirwere zvivako izvi kunyange panguva dzevanhu embryo kukura, Kusiyanisa avo kumigumo muuduku. Zvishoma nezvishoma, muviri hunoguma ichishanda, uye makore 15-18 rinoumbwa chete mafuta tishu. Thymus zvinowanisa chete chinobatanidza cellular kutapata - T masero: mubatsiri masero, muurayi masero uye suppressor.

Pashure kwaaita yokumwe mumiriri, muviri zvaanopa simba rayo kuzvidzivirira ezvinhu, kureva kutapata. Chekutanga ose anokuvadza chinhu tatanga kurwa macrophages, basa ravo tibatsirwe antigen. Kana vasingagoni kurarama basa rake, ipapo batanidza inotevera pamwero kudzivirira - cellular kutapata. Chokutanga kuziva antigen kuna T-muurayi - muurayi dzimwe nevamiririri. Mabasa T-mubatsiri masero ndechokubatsira zvirwere. Ivo kudzora weboka uye Kusiyanisa masero ose muviri. Mumwe basa ravo - paumbwe ukama maviri mhando kutapata, kureva rubatsiro B lymphocytes secrete antibodies, activation nezvimwe zvivako (monocytes, T-muurayi masero, danda rechikepe masero). T-suppressors inodiwa kuti kuderedza kunyanyisa basa vabatsiri kana zvakakodzera.

Mhando T-mubatsiri masero

Zvichienderana mashandiro T-mubatsiri masero vari rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: yokutanga uye wechipiri. Kurimwa chokutanga achaendeswa kubva bundu necrosis chinhu (chinorwisa neoplasms), wegamma interferon (kurwisa nemavhairasi vamiririri), interleukin-2 (munyaya anogumbura siyana). Zvose izvi zvinhu chinangwa kuparadzwa maantigen mukati masero.

The mhando T-mubatsiri masero wechipiri vanofanira kukurukura humoral kutapata. T masero aya kubudisa mainterleukin 4, 5, 10 uye 13, ichipa ukama ichi. Uyezve, T mubatsiri mhando 2 ndiye anokonzera pagadzirwe IgE, iyo ine chokuita nemashoko neutachiona ari muviri.

Kuwedzera uye kuderera T mubatsiri muviri

Kune dzinokosha mitemo lymphocytes pamuviri, kudzidza inonzi immunogram. Chero kutsaudzira, kana ari nani kana kuderedza sero anoonekwa kuti mwero, kureva kuva chero pathological mamiriro. Kana T mubatsiri akatura kunoreva muviri paaizvidzivirira hurongwa hachisi kukwanisa kunyatsonzwisisa kushandisa zvainoita. mamiriro akadaro Immune Deficiency kuchengetwa pamuviri uye lactation, pashure chirwere, chirwere zvirwere. Zvinonzi kuonekwa kuratidzwa chikuru neHIV - kwakakwana Kuvhiringidza of cellular kutapata. Kana T-mubatsiri masero kwakawedzera, mumuviri pane pamusoro-paakasangana maantigen, kureva kwavo kudzora inopfuura kubva kwagara kwacho pathological zvakaitwa. ezvinhu akadaro kunoitika apo Kurwara.

Interconnection pamusoro cellular uye humoral kutapata

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, masoja emuviri anoita ehupfumi dzayo inodzivirira ari maviri nhanho. Mumwe wavo chiito kungobva cellular mamiriro ari kuonana nemavhairasi kana zvemamiriro Gene rearrangements kusashanda kuitwa T-lymphocytes. Level Second - humoral murau iro rinoitwa nokufumura muviri wose Via immunoglobulins. Izvi kudzivirira enyika mune zvimwe zviitiko vanogona kushanda aparadzane mumwe, asi vanowanzonetseka anosangana nomumwe. Us cellular uye humoral kutapata rinoitwa T-mubatsiri masero, kureva, "Vabatsiri". vagari ichi T-masero kugadzira zvakananga mainterleukin, izvi zvinosanganisira: IL-4, 5, 10, 13. Pasina zvivako izvi kukura uye kushanda humoral kudzivirirwa hazviiti.

Kukosha T-mubatsiri masero zvirwere

Nokuda kusunungurwa interleukin zvirwere hwapedyo uye inotidzivirira kubva zvinokuvadza. Bundu necrosis chikonzero kunodzivisa kenza pezvakaitwa, inova chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mashandiro muviri. izvi zvose rinoitwa T-mubatsiri masero. Pasinei vanoita zvisina kunanga (kuburikidza mamwe masero), avo kukosha mune zvirwere kuchikosha chaizvo, sezvo dzichibatsira sangano iri kudzivirira zvivako zviri muviri.