Steroids - chii? Kugadzirira kwakaita glucocorticosteroids: zvairatidza, contraindications

Steroids - chii? Synthesized cortex pamusoro adrenal hormone uye chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinodhaka boka nezvezvipingamupinyi mukuru kurapwa vanopiwa zita. Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva vari kurondedzerwa se steroids. Mukana kukamura uchishandisa kushanda mahormone ano yekudyidzana kwakaderedza mukana zvakafanana nemishonga. Chakaita zvokugadzirwa glucocorticoids tunodzivisa kukura kuzvimba pamuviri.

marudzi glucocorticosteroids

Glucocorticoids, akadai cortisol, cortisone uye corticosterone - chaivo steroid mahormone ari adrenal cortex. goho ravo chikuru maererano chete Ritmos mutinhimira. A nhamba hombe iri dzinounzwa panguva chakakwirira zvinodiwa muviri mahormone izvi. Ivo muka kubva progesterone ari danda uye pajira riya rukoko pamusoro adrenal cortex. Ropa zvifambiswe kuburikidza transcortin. Glucocorticoids kuita Via intracellular receptors. Ivo kukanganisa muviri pamusoro makabhohaidhiretsi, mapurotini uye mafuta. mahormone idzi tunodzivisa anogumbura urongwa, saka akadana Anti-anogumbura steroids. Vari zvinodiwa kukunda kuzvidya mwoyo ari mumuviri womunhu.

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa siyana pakati mahormone

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa steroids - chii? Sezvo kuchirapa yomuchipatara vaishandisa glucocorticoids (corticosteroids), chakaita zvokugadzirwa, anozivikanwa colloquially somunhu steroid. Vane simba Anti-anogumbura basa pane zvakasikwa yeimwe.

In pharmacological kurapa - kunyanya sezvo Anti-anogumbura zvinodhaka, kanenge - somunhu Anti-sema uye immunosuppressive mushonga vaishandisa steroids. Kushandiswa ravo pakurapa hwakapararira apo adrenal insufficiency. Zvavakaita chikuru ndiko chinovhiringidza kuti anogumbura siyana, kureva. E. In ichivharira phospholipase A _2, iyo inotungamirira kwakaderedza kugadzirwa anogumbura nevamiririri.

Kazhinji, mutemo dose zvinodhaka zvaishandiswa kemikari kurapa kuti haakonzeri chitarisiko chakakomba nemishonga. Zvakanakisisa kutora zvinodhaka izvi mune rimwe chipimo chemushonga maererano vasiri mutinhimira kubva cortisol secretion pamuviri, kureva wokutanga hafu yezuva. Glucocorticosteroid kurapa kunosanganisira zvishoma nezvishoma rutapudzo ari dose raitongwa mahormone pakupedzisira padariro kurapwa (kudzivisa atrophy ari adrenal cortex).

Steroids anogona kupiwa nemuromo uye rikwanise mamiriro (pamberi upenyu) - muchimiro jekiseni kana aizomupa nomutsinga. Kushandiswa wavo anofanira kudzorwa, kureva. E. Used chete kana pane zvakajeka iri umboo, kufungisisa zvingakonzerwa nemishonga. Mishonga vanofanira kusarudzwa mumwe nomumwe nomumwe murwere, vanofanira kushandurwa zvichienderana kwokuomerwa chirwere.

Steroids rakashandiswa dermatology

Adrenocortical mahormone nhaka Anti-anogumbura, immunosuppressive uye antipruritic kushanda. Vari zvinowanzoshandiswa dermatology zvirwere ganda. Topical steroids - yomuchipatara chokuita anowanzodanwa kushandiswa zvinodhaka kuti mishonga dermatological zvirwere. Vanogona kushandiswa zvikurukuru pakurapa:

• eczema;
• dermatitis;
• erythema.

Mafuta pamwe glucocorticosteroids inoshandiswa pakurapa psoriasis. Uyewo kuti kubviswa zviratidzo kuzvimba uye kuvaviwa ganda akashandisa gels, mumakenduru, lotions. Mvura ine steroids vari pachii kushandiswa mumusoro. Sezvo chaiparira kurapwa, uye mune zvisingawanzoitiki kacho, kushandiswa steroidal vamiririri, zviri nani kushandisa mishonga isina simba (yokudzivisa nemishonga).

Steroids mu pakurapa kufema hurongwa

Hormone vamiririri zvinodhaka zvose zvaishandiswa pakurapa Árbol kuzvimba vane kunoshamisa inonyatsobudirira. Pashure pokukurukurirana yavo iri kuderera mucosal edema uye madzihwa secretion, inodzorera zvakajairika Árbol epithelium. Okusuma steroids mumuviri kuchititadzisa mushakabvu chokutambudzika chisimbwa, uyewo kwakawedzera Árbol mhinduro. kusiyanisa:

1. Steroids muchimiro inhalation dzokutindivadza. Ndivo kupfuura akasarudza chimiro zvinodhaka kushandiswa pakurapa kwose asima.
2. Corticosteroids, kushandiswa muchimiro majekiseni kupinda ropa hurongwa. Izvi mhando iri chete kana dzimwe nzira kurapwa vakundikana yaishandiswa zvikuru asima.
3. Steroids nokuti zvokuudzwa Kutarisirwa ringashandiswawo kunorapwa pfupi panguva yatinenge exacerbations.

Steroids pakurapa RA zvirwere

Nzira inoshandiswa kurwisa rheumatism, muri steroids. Chii, uye chii zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kurapa rheumatism, kunyatsotarisisa. Rheumatoid hosha zvakawanda kurapwa kwacho. mishonga Steroid angashandiswa chete kwenguva pfupi. Zvisinei, havana inowanzoshandiswa mukurwisa kuratidzwa fivha (panguva activation chirwere). Zvinodhaka muboka iri dziri kushandiswa pakurapa kuzvimba pezvisungo zvenguvo nomuzongoza. Glucocorticosteroids pamwe inonyanya kushanda pakurapa rheumatic zvirwere:

• prednisone, prednisolone, kanenge - deksamitazon (p.o.);
• metilprednizon, betamethasone.

Glucocorticoids uye kukosha vavo zvirwere hematological

Glucocorticoids (cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) vari boka anowanzodanwa aishandisa zvinodhaka immunosuppressive kuti zvirwere hematopoietic hurongwa. pathogenesis Its zvinokwanisika anogumbura siyana uye autoimmune mananara. Prednisone, uye zvikuru zviitiko - metilprednizon rinoshandiswa nomutsinga pakurapa kupererwa neropa chokuita thrombocytopenia. Steroids angashandiswa aine propensity kuti ropa, sezvo hunozoita kuti kuwedzera platelet count.

Steroids vane adrenal insufficiency

Kana chirwere "hypoadrenalism" rakashandiswa chakaita zvokugadzirwa glucocorticosteroids. Chii, chii zviratidzo zvinooneka mune chirwere? It anonyanya ukama yadzikira kugadzirwa corticoid mahormone (Addison chirwere). Corticosteroids zvinoshandiswa pakurapa chakasimba kana chirwere adrenal insufficiency. Nemhaka zvinodhaka - cortisol (kana gidrokortizol).

Glucocorticosteroids pamwe neutachiona

In pakurapa neutachiona anoshandiswawo steroids. kurapwa kwakadaro kunogona kuitwa panguva zvine mwero zviratidzo pamwaka sema rhinitis, conjunctivitis uye urticaria kana anogumbura siyana chokuita zvipembenene ikaruma. Kuti adzivise dzokororo ine anaphylactic siyana vari aiwanzoshandiswa, hydrocortisone (200 MG i.v.) kana prednisolone (20 MG nomutsinga). Uye inonyanya kufarirwa zvinodhaka, wakatorwa pana dzihwa, kukonzera Kurwara ndiwo: flunisolid uye fluticasone, izvo zvakonzera kuti vakawanda nokukurumidza nokubviswa nasal kuzara.

The divi Migumisiro steroids

Various kuitike nokuda chiito pamusoro tsinga uye muviri kana kutorwa adrenocortical mahormone. Ngozi nemishonga anowedzera apo mishonga iri boka iri inoshandiswa kwenguva yakareba kana panguva pamatunhu mishonga. mhando dzavo, maitikiro nekuramba kuvimba kusvika kumukuru pamusoro mhando zvinodhaka.

Pakati divi migumisiro corticosteroids ndiwo:

• kukwidziridzwa ropa shuga (steroids anogona kukanganisa jekiseni chiito);
• mikana yokuita cheshuga;
• mikana yakawanda gastric urikanwi uye duodenal urikanwi;
• osteoporosis uye tava kuderera kukura vana;
• Cushing kuti urwere;
• vairwara nepfungwa (kushaya hope, chinja kwemanzwiro, nemanic-mwoyo, schizophrenia);
• pfari vari varwere pfari;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• BP.

Uyewo, kushandiswa glucocorticoid zvinodhaka huru mishonga kunoita candidiasis pamusoro nomumukanwa mhango uye nasal sinus, muromo yakaoma, hoarseness, vangakosora, ropa pamusoro mucous membranes.