St. Petersburg dzoushe - mapurani anokosha. Chii vane dzoushe muSt Petersburg?

St. Petersburg iguta dzoushe. Kubvira pakavambwa, Peter akagara mairi youmambo mhuri, zhizha nechando dzokugara akanga avakirwa. Zvivako izvi nokusika rakasiyana mufananidzo weguta.

Pepa zvichakurukurwa yakakurumbira zvikuru dzoushe St. Petersburg. Averenga ichi muchidimbu yamambo zvivako, uchadzidza zvishoma nezvenhoroondo woKumusoro guru uye zvayo zvinokwezva. Uye kana mune ramangwana vanosarudza kushanyira St. Petersburg dzoushe, ivo vachava nemhando kwayo runako dzomutengo omukati. Handiti mumwe nomumwe akasiyana uye ane mapurani chiwanikwa kweguta.

Mikhailovsky Palace muSt Petersburg

Muna 1719 iri nzvimbo panguva ndiye Mikhailovsky Palace, akanga akundwa Peter I mumunda wemichero. Akatambanudza pamusoro Fontanka River kuna Krivusha. Muna 1798 Paul ndakafunga kuvaka mwanakomana wake Michael iri nzvimbo dzokugara. Akaraira kumbosendeka kubudikidza akawanda zviuru zana rimwe gore kuvaka. By 1819 yava dzakava inokosha mari, asi pashure youmambo pachigaro nechisimba, Paul I akaurayiwa.

Asi kuda wamambo akanga achiri kuitwa Alexander I, yakatanga kuvakwa. Mikhailovsky Palace muSt Petersburg rakavakwa nemhaka mapurani K. I. Rossi. Chivako zvichiitirwa kuumba Russian kuchamuka zvinosanganisira muviri chikuru uye lateral namapapiro maviri. Muna 1823 isu vapedza rokuvaka, uye muna 1825 akatanga painoperera. Pamusoro mukati kushongedzwa inoshanda vemifananidzo yakaisvonaka, vavezi vemabwe, kudzora fenicha, ibwe-vematombo. Pavanopinda chivako pane rakafara pamasitepisi yakagadzirwa girenayiti. Zvinonzi yakashongedzwa maviri shumba yakanyungudutswa kurutivi rumwe norumwe. Muna 1895, murayiro wacho wakasainwa nomukuru Nicholas II kuti mumuzinda yava Russian Museum naMambo Alexander III.

Panguva iyoyo, vachishanyira chivakwa, uchawana guru wemabhuku Russian unyanzvi, mifananidzo vakadai vemifananidzo nomukurumbira sezvo A. Rublev, K. Bryullov, F. Shubin, Repin, Shishkin, Mikhail Vrubel, M. Chagall nevamwe vazhinji .

dendere Stroganoff

It zvaiva Count Stroganov. It yakavakwa 1753. Chivako inopiwa somuenzaniso wokuRussia Baroque wakakwana. Basa akasikwa mapurani F. B. Rastrelli. Chaiva mashanu makamuri, hombe imba uye maberere. Pashure pokuchinja, akanga akaparadzaniswa mhuri mhuri Stroganoff yake dendere. Palace vakapamba, akaparadza vakapfuma akaunganidzwa.

Kwemakore akawanda chivako rakashandiswa nehurumende masangano. Uye muna 1990, kwakapiwa kuRussia miziyamu. It zvabatwa kushongedzwa aro mazuva edu kutamba horo chete.

Mariinsky Palace

It rakavakwa pamusoro nzvimbo dzokugara ose Count IG Chernyshev. The zita rakapiwa kuremekedza Princess Mary (mwanasikana Emperor Nicholas I). Construction rakatanga muna 1839. Kana pakuvaka kushandiswa michina zvakagadzirwa zvakadai simbi nhungo. The chaizvo mukati yamambo. The mapurani wakasika munhu Suite edzimba. Mumuzinda nayo yaiva kunyange kereke, hwakasikwa mumweya Byzantine kereke.

Mushure February Revolution raizoiswa chivakwa kwemakore akawanda, siyana hurumende masangano. Kubvira 1994, izvozvo dzimba kuti Legislative Assembly St. Petersburg.

Yusupov Palace muSt Petersburg

Pakutanga, mumuzinda yakavakwa kuti Count P. I. Shuvalova. Zvino ini yakatamira Countess AV Brannitskoy. Makore 35 gare gare yamambo zvakatengwa Prince N. B. Yusupovym. On nokuumba Nyanzvi takashanda vamwe zvakanakisisa ezvivako uye decorators.

Zvinowanikwa Yusupov Palace muSt Petersburg, kureva, musi Moika River. Chivako mumwe yakanakisisa specimens ose revatongi menyika.

December 17, 1916 muimba yepasi mumuzinda aizivikanwa vose chiitiko - akaurayiwa inoshamisa Rasputin.

Munguva yedu, chokutanga zvose - chiri miziyamu, uye ipapo mitambo, izvo ipai zvesimba. Mumuzinda vakapona zvinoshamisa runako yaro yepakutanga omukati ari XIX remakore, izvo nomutsa akasvinudzwa pamichato nedzimwe mhemberero.

The chando Palace

mureza uyu akanaka uye zvechokwadi hwokusanyara. Chivako inovakwa muna Baroque manyorero. Ko Winter Palace muSt Petersburg, kureva, musi pamahombekombe Winter Canal. Zvisikwa izvi F. B. Rastreli akadana moyo kuchamhembe guru.

Palace kureba mamita 200, urefu - 22 metres, upamhi - 160 metres. Rakanga rakavakwa somunhu quadrangle. Mukati ari pachivanze rakakura. Pamadziro kutarisana rwizi, nezuva Palace Square nenzira iri Admiralty. Uye sei zvakakwana vaurayiwa kushongedzwa! The France yakakamurwa entablature, vakagadzira chinoumbwa mbiru uye Ionic mirairo, namaberere, stucco reliefs. The mukati akapfuma siyana casings, decoration tumabhodhoro netumidziyo uye mifananidzo, zvakawanda kuumbwa zvikamu.

Chivako rakavakwazve nguva zhinji. Kusvika panguva revashanyi Vagari St. Petersburg kuyemura chivako rechitanhatu makore 1754-1762. Mumwe muridzi vaiona nayo basa rake pachimirirwa mukati kushongedzwa kuchinja ako. Over chitarisiko rakashanda yakanakisisa ezvivako - Domenico Trezzini, AP Bryullov uye V. P. Stasov.

Panguva WWII yamambo vakatambura, akanga reconstructed. Pashure pokuchinja akaziviswawo State Museum.

Panguva iyi zvinoita kuona vapfumi kuunganidzwa Museum Exhibits, mifananidzo yakakurumbira vemifananidzo, kuyeva omukati Imperial dzimba uye zvivezwa.

Catherine pamuzinda dzakaoma

Zvinowanikwa Catherine Palace muSt Petersburg, kureva kuti kunze mutaundi Pushkin (Tsarskoye tiiviste). Hurongwa pamusoro kuvakwa muzhizha yakagara Catherine ndakurirwa 1717. Chivako chiri aronga vakiridza mukupera Baroque. All raitungamirwa ane mapurani kubva Germany I. F. Braunshteynom.

Muna 1743, Elizaveta Petrovna asarudza richikura uye kushongedza mumuzinda. I basa Russian mapurani ichi Alexander Kvasov uye M. Zemtsov. Muna 1752 F. B. Rastrelli akavakazve yamambo zvakare, sezvo Empress akafunga kuti chivako chakanga ndezvechinyakare. Somugumisiro pakati dismantling roMunyori itsva ano mumuzinda, riri manyorero Russian Baroque. Mapurani anotora chisarudzo ushingi France ruvara. It anoshandisa denga rebhuruu ruvara, kubatanidza pamwe chena uye nendarama.

Vhoriyamu hombe hworusvingo zvinoonekwa kure. Zvinokanganisawo omukati, mapurani, mapindu. Mumuzinda yakaoma rakanakira muumbozha pamichato. In dzimba uchava dazzle ikapenya gilding, anoratidza katyamadza zhinji katyamadza chinoshamisa manera uye anoshamisa rusvingo yakarongedzwa.

The yamambo takapoteredzwa guru paki. It ane mugove zvivezwa, pamisasa siyana, asi mukuru kushongedzwa - a cavern, Hermitage, Lower uye Upper Bath.

Pashure peHondo Yenyika II yamambo rakaparadzwa uye dzichapambwa, asi ndinoonga kuti hombe zvinoitwa restorers rakadzorerwa zvikuru.

Panguva iyoyo, unogona kushanyira zvinotevera inoratidzirwa makamuri: Chigaro Hall uye mifananidzo; mokuvata; chena mberi, girini uye tsvuku tafura; ofitsiantskuyu; Amber Room.

Residence Sheremetyeva

A nomunda, riri pamahombekombe erwizi Fontanka, aiva 1721 agoiswa Field Marshal BP Sheremetev kuvakwa wemunda. Sheremetev Palace muSt Petersburg rakavakwa nemhaka chirongwa kubudikidza mapurani F. S. Argunovym uye S. I. Chevakinskim. Chivako rakavakwa mumweya Russian mapurani. France yakashongedzwa stucco kushongedzwa uye mukati kushongedzwa akachinja nguva, inobva zvadzinofarira vazvo. Nezvizvarwa shanu vakararama mukati mamasvingo izvi. Kusvikira 1917 mumuzinda vaiva genus inoverenga Sheremetev. Pashure pokuchinja, mumuzinda wakapfuura paruoko kuisa. Muna 1990, wakapa Museum of Theater uye Music. Angotanga basa kudzorerwa. Recreating kwakawanda uye nechirangaridzo omukati XIX remakore.

Pari mumuzinda inoratidzirwa rakarongwa munzvimbo nhatu:

• nhoroondo machinda Sheremetievs mhuri;
• muunganidzwa zvenziyo;
• kwemasimba yepachivande muunganidzwa.

Tauride Palace

Kusvikira 1781 zita raiva - Horse Guards chivakwa. Catherine II kunzi Tauride. Yaiva nyika yakagara G. Potemkin. Chivako Raishamisa kukura uye zvaiitwa manyorero Russian classicism. Iye mubasa rokuvaka mapurani I. E. Starov.

Pachiso mumuzinda aiva nyore uye wakaoma France, shure iyo inovanza akapfuma zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa. Building ine matatu maviri storey zvivakwa, korona ine nechepakati rising. Vose dzokuzvinatsa makamuri ayo akashongedzwa mifananidzo, pamakapeti, umbozha fenicha, machira, zvinyorwa zviri mapuranga nendarama.

Panguva iyi mumuzinda ndiyo kumuzinda Kishi nhengo inoti. Asi nguva dzose konzati manheru.

Menshikov Apartments

Riri Vasilyevsky Island. Construction rakatanga muna 1710. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mukuru ibwe zvivako. Akazviratidza Menshikov Palace muSt Petersburg nokuda mapurani guru H. Schedel uye D. kuTsime.

It yakavakwa manyorero Petrine Baroque. The mukati yapera maererano fashoni wezuva. Taishandisa anotevera zvinhu: wakavezwa huni, dehwe, kupendwa usina kukonekita uye micheka. Huru manera chakagadzirwa momuoki. The kwakavakirwa vakanga akashongedzwa usina kukonekita. Chimwe chezvinhu asingakanganwiki makamuri - ichi Walnut Cabinet. Paiva kuchengeta curiosities uye kuunganidza siyana. Masvingo vapedzerana veneered walnuts.

Muna 1727, Menshikov akaendeswa kuutapwa birch. Zvino hwakatamisirwa museum of kadheti Corps, uye kudzorerwa akatanga muna 1960.

Panguva iyoyo, vachishanyira dzokugara Menshikov, munhu anogona kuona pashoo mukati, izvo rakazvipira Petrine yaitonga.

The Marble Palace

Zviri shongwe ine mavakirwo mangwanani classicism. Panguva yaivakwa akashandisa dzinongoitika ibwe. Nokuti France cladding uye mukati kushongedzwa akashandisa mhando dzakawanda yemabhura (Italian, Ural, Siberia uye dombo Greek). Stone youshe zvinoshamisa upfumi, runako, siyana. Kuvaka inovakwa murongedzeri A. Rinaldi yechipiri yezana XVIII remakore. The yamambo ichaongororwa chivakwa yokutanga, iyo yabuda pamwe dzinongoitika ibwe. Rakanga avakira Catherine III kufarira. Asi, nhamo, Orlov haana kumirira kuguma kuvakwa, akafa. The mufurati asiyiwa ari dzemhuri youmambo pfuma.

Gare gare, pane kwakazarurwa Central V. I. Lenina Museum. Chivako ichi akakodzera kuteererwa revashanyi kuziva nhoroondo Peter akwegura uye ake mapurani. In dzimba unogona kuona zvinotevera kuratidzira: "Foreign Artists mu Russia XVIII-XIX emakore", "Museum Ludwig" uye zvichingodaro. Kubvira muna 1992, Marble Palace wakapfuurira nhaka Russian Museum.

St. Petersburg chaizvo norunako mavakirwo. Hazvibviri kutaura mashoko ose runako romubati kunatsiridzwa zvinokwezva. Kana ukashanyira St. Petersburg dzoushe, iva nechokwadi unoziva pakuvaka nhoroondo nokutapwa varidzi vahwo.

Unofanira kuona nameso ako, mapurani izvi zvinokosha. Nhare St. Petersburg vari kumirira iwe!