Smolensk Cemetery muSt Petersburg: kero, ivo Chapel pamusoro Xenia Yakakomborerwa (St. Petersburg) uye kare. How kusvika Smolensk kumakuva

Smolensk Cemetery muSt Petersburg, zvichida, anganzi mukuru muguta. Zvino iyoyo guta racho pacharo. Uyezve, nzvimbo iyi dzinokwezva yayo chakavanzika, zvitendwa, uye ngano zhinji.

Sei "Smolensk"

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti paivakwa St. Petersburg musi Vasilevsky Island akasvika vashandi kubva Smolensk. Nokuda basa rakaoma uye nokukurumidza vakafa murombo nderemagariro. Uye isu vakaaviga kumhenderekedzo yokumaodzanyemba chacho achitevedza Black River. Kubvira ipapo, munda pamwe yakasvika pakuzivikanwa se Smolensk.

Zvisinei, kazhinji, shanduro iyi chete zvokufungidzira munhu. Mazita nzizi uye makuva akazviratidza pashure pakuvaka nzvimbo chechi kuna Smolensk Icon of Amai vaMwari. Muvambi mifananidzo iyi yaiva St. Luke. Uye Vladimir Monomakh akatamira kuna Smolensk. Saka, zita rakakodzera.

Muna 1792, chechi kwave kuchiita kugadzirisa uye yave kuzodzosera yakavhenekera zita Arhangela Mihaila. Zvisinei, kusvikira nhasi temberi isimo, sezvo yakanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara muzana remakore rechi19.

"Double" ari Smolensk Cemetery

St. Petersburg uye akakurumbira kumakuva vaudzewo nhoroondo nevakawanda vanenge mawa kutanga uye. Saka, mushure Poltava kukunda, nemhaka iyo pane uye kuchamhembe guru, iro guta rakanga risiri chete vanotenderwa kumakuva. Apo vaifanira - ikoko uye akavigwa. On Vasilevsky Island vakamuviga pamwe rworuboshwe norwizi Smolenka (yaimbonzi reBlack River). Muna 1710, uto chancellery yakavakwa pano, uye kumakuva rakava nzvimbo yokuviga vasungwa vakanga vafa St. Petersburg mujeri. Runyerekupe ane nayo kuti vakafa matsotsi zvakananga nengetani uye akavigwa.

Pasi zita "Smolensk kumakuva" zvinoreva zviviri vakaparadzana makuva pedo - Orthodox uye Lutheran (German). Vaiona dangwe Orthodox.

Pamutemo yemakuva kumakuva ichi yaiva 1738 maererano chirevo Revafundisi. kumakuva German akazarura gare gare - muna 1747.

Cemetery tidied uye landscaped. Sezvo akanga asina wake chapero pachake, zvino muna 1755 zvakanzi yakavakwa chechi kubwinya Smolensk Icon of Amai vaMwari. Kubvira ipapo, takatanga pano kunoviga vomuchechi uye nevagari, uye Cadets. Muna 1807, mapfupa vakavigwa Knights cheMarita. Muna 1831, pakava akakombwa nzvimbo vakavigwa evanhu akafa korera.

Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore rechi19 zviri Smolensk Cemetery muSt Petersburg ndiye pakukura muguta. At 1860 nhamba akavigwa yakanga 350,000. Pari, kumakuva nzvimbo - vanenge 50 hectares.

mafashamo

Pakapera 1824 panguva Smolensk kumakuva yakadhirika mafashamo. Zvose fenzi akanga aputswa, michinjikwa paishamba kuvigwa chikonzero akafukidzwa pasi kuitira kuti vakavashaiwa aitenge. Vazhinji zhinji uye kugona kuwana pamakuva vadiwa. Mafashamo akaparadza yose arşive, muchechi, akachengetedzwa chete yeko mumabhuku kuti vapristi vakaramba kumba. Chechi Mikaeri Ngirozi Huru rakaparadzwa zvinenge pasi. Somugumisiro, raifanira kuparadzwa, sezvo kudzorerwa kuvaka haisi pasi. Panguva Nzizi hadzingarubitirisi kunyange nematatu vakadzi vakanga vasingakwanisi kutiza.

In shoko rose kumakuva wakapiwa makangoti nyangarara kwakakwana uye akatambudzika zvikuru kurasikirwa. Rave akapedza nguva yakawanda nesimba nechokwadi kuti zvose zvakachena uye kudzorera. Zvisinei, vakawanda kuvigwa uye akasawanikwa. Somuenzaniso, dzinoshandiswa Knights cheMarita.

Legend revapristi makumi mana

Smolensk Cemetery muSt Petersburg, kazhinji kuwandisa. Vanhu vanouya pano kwete chete kuhama kukudza kuyeuka wevakafa, asi kungoti anoda kutora remba uye ona makuva vanhu vakakurumbira, uyewo avo vanoda kuona mhepo yechakavanzika uye zvitendwa. In yekare munhau chikamu kumakuva, iyo zvikuru achimhanya, maererano nengano, unogona kusangana zvipoko. ngano zhinji chokuita nenzvimbo ino. Uye kupfuura inotyisa uye kwakavanzika vaiona yezvechitendero 40 vakafira kutenda muzita nokutenda. Masayendisiti akawanda uye dzekare vanoti ichi hachisi ngano, asi chiitiko kwakaitika kuva zvechokwadi.

Mune 20s remakore rapfuura, zviremera vakasunga vapristi makumi mana, wakaumbwa ari Leningrad Diocese. Vanenge vasungwa vakauya kuna Smolensk kumakuva. Ivo ndandanda vakachera makuva, uye akapiwa chisarudzo: kana upenyu mukutsinhana imwe renunciation waMwari, kana rufu. Hapana vapristi vaisazoramba Mwari. Zvino vose vakanga vakavigwa vapenyu. Maererano zvapupu, mazuva matatu kubva muvhu anzwe kugomera rezvapupu, uye ipapo dzakavhenekera guva Ray naMwari, uye rikanyarara.
Pasinei chokwadi kuti sezvo njodzi kwakaitika iri rinenge zana remakore, vanhu vauye guva kuchengeta mana kutenda. Paguva nguva dzose yakavhenekerwa makenduru akarara maruva.

Blessed Xenia pamusoro Petersburg

Smolensk kumakuva ndiko inozivikanwa kuti aizivikanwa muguta rose Chapel pamusoro Xenia Yakakomborerwa, iyo vaichengetedza uye muchengeti St. Petersburg. Uye ngano zhinji chokuita nezita musande aive.

Saka, mumwe wavo, mumwe musikana wechiduku Xenia, vachiviga murume wake, upe varombo zvose zvaakange anazvo, uye kufuka jasi wemufi uye vakava anopenga. Uye kupisa nokutonhora, iye vakadzungaira mumigwagwa uye dzakataura Vanopfuura ose kupenga vesche. Asi pasina nguva zvakava pachena kuti zvose akati Xenia akanga nezvahunoreva. Akanga chipo clairvoyance.

Mushure Xenia afa, vanhu vakatanga kuuya guva anopenga panguva Smolensk kumakuva. Uye nokukurumidza vakavaka chapero kwake nokukudzwa. chechi iyi haina kuvharwa kunyange panguva yaitonga Soviet Union. Vanhu vanodavira kuti kana katatu kufamba famba mukereke, vachifunga panguva iyoyo pamusoro yavo waanoda, woWakaropafadzwa Xenia kuzadzisa chido. Zvichida ndokusaka kazhinji zvichiita kusangana kutambura parudo.

Kwete ngano chete

Smolensk Cemetery muSt Petersburg ndiyo inozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda kwayo zvakavanzika. At kumakuva vakavigwa vakawanda vakakurumbira St. Petersburg.
Science Zvinovheneka akadai Zablocki, Viskovatov, Beketov, vanyori Sologub, Charskaya, Emin, Makovsky vemifananidzo Shebuev, Jordan uye Shchukin.

Pazuva nechepakati mukoto ari kumakuva, unogona kuona makuva Mozhaisk - munhu kuvaka ndege nyika yokutanga, Musiki armadillo - Popov, yakakurumbira mufambi Semenov-Tyan-Shan, Valkitskogo aidzidzisa, mutungamiri yepasi pemvura "Panther" Bakhtin uye Dostoevsky hama uye vazukuru.
Pedyo makuva mana vapristi ndiro Blok njanji. Panguva iyi 1921, akavigwa naAlexander Blok. The guva Nyanduri yakanga refu dzabviswa kuna Volkovskoye kumakuva, asi "yepakutanga" nzvimbo yakanga akanganwa. Pane rinomira ibwe chirangaridzo muise maruva kubudikidza vachivakuza.

Kunze makuva manhamba vakakurumbira, muna Smolensk kumakuva ane akanaka uye kujairika sezvivako. Somuenzaniso, imwe shongwe yakatsaurirwa kuhondo mapurisa wokuRussia, iyo hwaponeswa kubvira pre-echimurenga nguva. Monument iri kuramba kutarisa pamusoro yomumugwagwa mapurisa.

kumakuva nhasi

Mumakore akatevera Revolution kumakuva yakavharwa nokuda kwokushayiwa muchadenga. A chikamu nyika makuva wakapiwa pakuvaka ... kukireshi.

Kuti tirambe kanenge Zvivako uye tombstones pamusoro nenhamba nomukurumbira, avo rearranged muna Alexander Nevsky wemamonk. Nhasi, chikamu Orthodox kumakuva ichadzorerwa: rakadzorerwa gravestones, chapero, ennobled mukoto, ari chaiyo arşive pakati vakavigwa zvose. At kumakuva, asisiri akavigwa (kunze chaiyo zviitiko).

chikwata German anoramba ari rakakura dongo, uye kunyange nerunyerekupe Kusaona kuparadzwa. Zvisinei, saka kure kusina kuchinja, pano uye achiri kuuya kuzoona akachengetedzwa Zvivako ramakore rechi18.

Saka, kana ukasarudza kushanyira Smolensk kumakuva, sei kuti ikoko? The pedyo Metro station - "Vasileostrovskaya". Pedyo napanobudiwa napo kuchiteshi chemabhazi iri. Tora tekisi nhamba K-249 uye uende munzira maminitsi gumi nemashanu Kama. Maererano naye, haana kutsauka, enda kurudyi, uye pamberi - the Smolensk kumakuva. Address: Street Kama, 3.