Sezar Frank: Biography, mapikicha uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Kunoshamisa, kujairika, nevamwe unhu nechiFrench uye nyika music - Sezar Frank. Romain Rolland akaisa mumuromo gamba rake, Jean-Christophe mashoko kuyemurwa murume. Achitenda kuti Frank akanga vokudenga, mutsvene kubva mumhanzi, zvakamupa mukana uye simba kutakura kuburikidza upenyu, pasinei kusingaperi nematambudziko uye akazvidzwa ose basa, Kujeka murwere uye anonyara mweya. Naizvozvo, kunyemwerera uye vanozvininipisa kuti chiedza chakanaka dzakavhenekera basa rake.

udiki

Sezar Frank akaberekerwa mumhuri German-zveBelgium muna 1822, musi 10 December. Baba ramangwana wenziyo Wemhuri vekare Flemish Painters roruvanze. Zvichida ndokusaka nokukurumidza akacherechedza chaizvo netarenda mwanakomana wake. Asi nezvaiva hunhu hwake unyanzvi financier chakaita baba vake kuti ishande duku chipo Frank kuti mubayiro wakanaka.

Pazera masere César achipinda Conservatory paguta Liege, izvo piyano uye neboka nzeve kurovedza kudzidza pamwe chinokudza mumakore mana chete. Muna 1835, ramangwana yave organist panguva yakakurumbira purofesa maererano Dassuanya mumhanzi.

Baba, akaparadza nokuda tarenda nebudiriro mwanakomana wake, akapa muna 1835 kwaari Concerts vashoma Aachen (guta mai vake), Liege uye kweBrussels.

Paris. Kubudirira rokutanga

Pakazosvika 1835 mhuri yakatamira guru French. Pano musikana muimbi pashure pemakore maviri oga zvidzidzo panguva yakakurumbira Purofesa A. Reicha anopinda Conservatory (1837). Vasina kodzero rechiFrench Republic, Cesar akanga anyoresa sezvo zvagara, asi Ferenc Liszt nokuti chete chikonzero makore mashoma apfuura uye haana kugamuchirwa.

Kutanga 1838 Sezar Frank pagore kudzidza nemiedzo kuti nhengo makirasi, piyano, counterpoint uye akagamuchira mubairo. Of makwikwi nokuti Roma Prize muimbi akaramba uye akamanikidzira baba vakadzokera Belgium, apo nguva refu akapa Concerts ive organist virtuoso, kashoma somunhu Pianist.

Panguva iyoyowo, pane mabasa ekutanga mimhanzi pamusoro Cesar. Muna 1943 - Piano Trio uye gare gare yokunyora nokudhirowa ramangwana riri oratorio "Rute".

Watershed gore

Kind kunze nokuti munyori zvakanga zvichikosha kuti Fifth Republic gore - 1848. Panguva iyi, Cesar waives konzati basa, nekugadzirisa zvakakomba pamusoro kunyora uye kuroorana. Ake aida Felicite De Musso - mwanasikana vaikudzwa vatambi of Theater of Comedy French.

An dzinonakidza madimbu ndechokuti zuva romuchato pamwe pakutanga chimurenga - musi 22 February. Vachangoroorana kunyange "rombo" - Ndaifanira kuita kuti muchato mudungwe kubudikidza wakazara vapanduki kwezvinovharidzira.

Kuti atsigire mhuri yake, Cesar kupa voga zvidzidzo hazviperi. mapepanhau akawanda aigona kuverenga chiziviso chake chakanga kupa chidzidzo pamusoro yokungotaura uye anoshanda maererano, uyewo piyano, counterpoint uye fugue. Ichi kunetesa, zvikasabudiswa basa nezuva haunted naye kusvikira parufu rwake chaiyo reshoko. Kuenda rinotevera mudzidzi, munyori, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda ari omnibus, yaiva kuparadza kubva vakazochinja akafa.

Flemish nevakwegura, unhu

Ungangove, akapa mano kutarisira uye ushamwari, izvo zvakakonzera zvisingaperi tsitsi vakararama panguva yake, uye kunyange vana. All akakoromorwa zvoupenyu, akawira pasi mugove wake, rukasagona kuizunungusa mauto Cesar zvokunamata. Kungofamba vachifamba vadzidzi vake munyori zvaiona anobatsira uye kudzorera utano, yairwisana yacho iri chokupika zvaakasika akasarangarira nokuda noushamwari. Munyori akakwanisa kunakidzwa uye farira zvose, kunyange mamiriro zviitiko.

Sezar Frank (Biography ake - uchapupu) yakanga yakarurama, basa, rupo uye akanyarara kwazvo, pasinei nokuti mumwe nomumwe zuva rake rakanga monotonous: pa hafu apfuura mana munyori akasimuka, uye ipapo maawa maviri "vakashanda pamusoro" (sezvo akadana nguva okugadzira zvinhu ), vanomwe o'clock akanga atova nenguva chidzidzo chokutanga. Frank akawana pachake pamba chete chisvusvuro. Uye kana shure akanga yakarongwa purogiramu, ipapo ini mutsaure nguva yavo zvinyorwa zvakare. basa kwakadaro udyire haisi nokuda pfuma, asi nekuda kwemhosva upenyu hwake, rakapihwa uye kuzvitsaurira kuna umhizha neshamwari nani uye shamwari munyori anonzi feat.

Kukwana anoziva hapana miganhu

Pashure vaviri makore, Frank, haasi kuteerera baba vake zvakare akatumira guru French. Pano iye apedza "kunzwikazve Hill" - a symphonic detembo kunobva mabasa Victor Hugo, uye inozviita basa zvikuru pamusoro dhanzi, yaakakudanirai "Mushumiri rendi."

Muna 1853, Frank Sezar vakagamuchira organist pachechi kuti Saint-Jean-Saint-Fransua Dyu Marais. Rinotanga nguva kuvandudzwa. Munyori mazuva kumucheto kunonatsiridza waivako uri, kureva magadzirirwo kuti nhengo improvisation uye chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo.

Pakutanga rokupedzisira romwedzi 1859 ake kuita mubayiro: Chechi Santa Clotilde akamuita kutamba pamusoro itsva chete chete akapedza muviri, kuti basa yakakurumbira Aristide Cavaillé-Coll. Nokuti chokushandisa ichi Sezar Frank akapedza mamwe mazuva ake.

ugari French

Muna 1871, Frank akabayirwa kutungamirira nhengo yekirasi, uyo akasiya Fransua Benua. The chete hwakanga chizvarwa French, iyo Cesar ndokugamuchirwa. In muchando muna 1872, Frank akava mukuru mutungamiri mukirasi - purofesa nhengo pane vanokuteyerai tsika refu, gare gare unonzi "tsika huru." Uye sezvo Conservatory anonyanya nezvezvaiitwawo dhanzi, munyori Frank kirasi akava kirasi. Zvakafadza yakadzidziswa kwete chete kune vadzidzi vanyoresa sangano iri rokudzidzisa, asi wavawo wevanoongorora akaunzi, uyo akatora nzira itsva kudzidza, kwakavakirwa nenheyo okugadzira zvinhu Beethoven uye Bach.

Pakati vazhinji vadzidzi Cesar organists nyika dzakawanda kwembiri, kusanganisira Guy Roparts, Ernest Chausson, Vincent d'Indy nevamwe.

ndangariro

Zvino cheMusiki kunonoka. Chete muna 1885 munyori wenziyo uye organist, akapiwa mubayiro kubva Legion Kukudzwa, uye papera gore akagadzwa purezidhendi National Music Society.

Nyika kuziva akauya chete pashure munyori afa. Uye nhasi, mimhanzi Sezara Franka ndiye kunakidzwa mweya.

nhaka huru

Kubvira 1874 yakatarwa zvibereko zvakasiyana siyana uye Genres zvakasikwa Sezar Frank wokutanga. Variations fugue, vakawanda kwakarungwa kwounyanzvi, nziyo piyano, nhengo, mukamuri nezvimwe ensembles.

makore mudzidzi akanga kwakaratidzwa akawanda Zvinonzi kusiyana nokuda piyano. Vatsoropodzi vanodavira kuti havasi kuwedzera zvikuru sezvo mumhanzi, asi kuratidza inoshamisa siyana nenyanzvi kuridza piyano.

Panguva iyo kunounza sonata uye wokutanga nezvimwe nokuda kwaya zvizere. Maererano oupenyu vakanyoresa, zvakanzi akaita mu New Orleans hapana paya pane 1841.

Yokutanga Mabasa zvakakomba - matatu konzati nevatatu (piyano, chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello uye gitare), zvakanyorwa muna 1842 uye 1843, ukuwo. Pamutemo, ivo vanonzi "wokutanga opus" munyori. Liszt, uyo aiva shamwari Frank, akazviratidza akashamisika nokuda kuvimbika okupedzisira nevatatu uye kwazvo ainyengetedza wechidiki wenziyo kuparidza sezvo rimwe, basa zvakakwana. Zviya, Ferents List kazhinji akapa Cesar rutsigiro, kubatsira kubudisa.

basa Major, wokutanga kwave kurumbidzwa nenyanzvi akava oratorio "Ruth".

Mukutanga '50s kubva kunyora wenziyo wauya "kubva papurazi muranda" (enyambo dhanzi) uye "Shongwe yeBhabheri" (oratorio).

Muna 1869, Cesar akaita zvakanakisisa mabasa avo, maererano vatsoropodzi - oratorio muzvikamu zvisere kuti korasi, kwaya uye soloists ari "Beatitudes."

Sezar Frank "Panis Angelikus" akanyorwa muna 1872. chechi iyi mumhanzi, akaisa mashoko munamato Fomy Akvinskogo. "Chingwa The ngirozi" (nokuti kwaya, sezvinoreva uye korasi) akanambwa sechikamu kereke vakawanda. Zvisinei, zvava nevakawanda zvokuti vakava nokukurumidza kuonekwa sezvo yakazvimirira chimedu. Melody, rakanyorwa Cesar vakauya munamato, uyo akararama makore anopfuura 600, mukurumbira munyika.

"Six Pieces"

Rakanga mabasa ekutanga kukosha musiki. Kwemakore maviri, kubva 1860 kusvika 1862-vakasuwa kusika kwavo Sezar Frank. Kuvhurira, Fugue uye kushanduka - zvizere akazvimirira mabasa. Kwavari, munyori akasarudza muenzaniso Baroque triptych, zvakanaka kupfuura ari kudanana ballad.

zvibereko eighties

Kubvira pakupera 1879 uye muna 1886 munyori akanyora. Saka akasikwa quintet nokuda piyano. Nokupesvedzera Berlioz uye romanticism vakaona chiedza symphonic nhetembo "damn muvhimi." The "Jinn" (nokuti piyano uye kwaya), Chorale, Symphonic Variations kuti Piano uye Orchestra. Papera chinguva, munhu anotungamirira uye aria akanyora kuti piyano uye chikwata kubudikidza Sezar Frank. Sonata nokuti gitare uye piyano akasikwa 1886 uye zvinyorwa chinoitirwa mukuru chipo muchato violinist E. Ysaÿe. Pashure vaingoerekana edzesero Eugene airidza panguva mhemberero uye haana vakaparadzana nezvisikwa ichi chikuru kugumisa upenyu.

vachinzwisisa nezvemurume voruzhinji kuurayiwa zviri Conservatory Concerts muna 1889, achangobva akapedza nezvimwe muna D muduku. Asi akaramba kushanda nokuti akasimba aiva nechivimbo muna kubudirira basa rake Sezar Frank. Symphony muna D Minor yava kupfuura pashure yakakurumbira mabasa Berlioz kwakaita symphonic mabasa, asi akanakisisa yechipiri yezana XIX remakore kwete chete.

zvitatu Nhengo chorale wake akanga akanyorwa. Vari kuzivikanwa nenzira kusiyana munyori technics.

The chikuru rwaro

Zvichireva Cesar mabasa hazvigoni dzakanaka. Akasika chikoro yake, iyo pave vachinje yeFrance mimhanzi tsika. Zvinyorwa ake pachena kuti National mweya - harisi chete dhanzi, uye kuti naiyewo akakodzera Vanyori nokusika symphonic mumhanzi anoenderana mukuru kirasi European muFrance.

Sezar Frank (kuvhurira, Fugue, zvakanyorwa nokuda kwaya, ugozvipa kunzwisisa) akamutsa Genre kusvikira pachiyero Bach. Sezvo piyano Genres. Two dzino huru uri wake mudziyo uyu akapfeka ndima pamwe yakakurumbira Beethoven sonatas.

Mutsindo musicians, vakararama uye vadzidzi Frank vakafunga aiva mudzidzisi akasiyana nevamwe. Maererano musiki mimhanzi vakateerera E. Chausson, G. Roparts, Bizet, A. Dyupak, P. Duke E. Chabrier and said. Zvikuru kuremekedzwa Cesar Debussy.

Achiri kunovasiyanisa chaiyo nzira chromatic tsambambozha wenziyo, vakasununguka uye nyore kuzvishandisa nonakkordov, expressiveness pakati modulations ayo utsva ari cyclic siyana. The kudzidza mutauro harmonic pakati Cesar akaita kuti zvibvire kuti akunde mifananidzo yemberi wenziyo.

ita chiringa

Zvakawanda Cesar akasikwa uye akagara chinyorwa muchimiro. Asi mumwe rondedzero ine chinhu chinonakidza. Somuenzaniso, "Chii chauri kunzwa pagomo" ndiye wokutanga mharidzo matauriro nhetembo rine chaiwo anotevedzana mutsetse. Nenzira, musi iwoyo pabindu Victor Hugo Ferents List Papera akanyorawo bhuku.