Sea Commercial Port of Mariupol: description, zvinhu uye wongororo

Access kugungwa kunokosha kuti chero nyika, nokuti gang - hombe zvokutengeserana, zveupfumi uye mikana enyika. Mariupol gungwa zvokutengeserana chengarava muna Mariupol chinokosha neruzhinji muUkraine. Nhoroondo yaro uye kugadzira paruzhinji kufarira. Tichataura pamusoro sei kuti pave chengarava uye chii zvimwe zvayo nhasi.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Guta chengarava Mariupol vari pamahombekombe eGungwa Azov, kuchamhembe-dzokumadokero chikamu muGulf of Taganrog. The chengarava riri 14 km kubva pamukova apo panopinda, izvozvo administratively ndohwaJehovha Donetsk mudunhu kuUkraine uye mumwe mana zvengarava kupfuura mamiriro. Mariupol pamahombekombe achisimuka 68 metres pamusoro pegungwa, zvakazorodza nharaunda iri kunyanya sandara. Guta racho zvachose munzvimbo - 166 akaenzana mamita. makiromita uye 0,67 mativi mamita. ? km inoremekedzwa chengarava Mariupol.

Climate

Mariupol chiteshi vari mapazi ose mwero Continental okunze. Local Mamiriro okunze mitigates zvikuru pedyo kweGungwa Azov. Winter unodziyirwa, nyorovera uye pfupi yechirimo uye refu, sweltering, oma. In inodziya mwaka iri hunodzorwa yakajeka, mazuva jeka, rose kwegore zuva rikasabuda maawa 2340. Mvura mapopoma ari munharaunda dzakawanda kwazvo (420 mm) kwete, nokuti kuti muzhizha hapana mvura. ezvinhu akadaro kunoita kuti akure ane zvakasiyana-siyana ane kupisa-miriwo nemichero. Asi guta uye namafuro havaratidzi inopiwa nemvura. Mavhoriyamu Kalmius kukwana kufukidza huripo zvinodiwa mumvura yakachena, saka kugarwa nzvimbo akasika anoverengeka chakagadzirwa reservoirs. Average tembiricha pagore ndiye Mariupol ndinoiitawo 13.5 inegumi. Winter lämpömittari ikasawira kubvisa 2.1 inegumi. Ingoda frosts kusvika 10-15 inegumi. Muzhizha, avhareji tembiricha wakachengetwa pedo 23 madhigirii, asi lämpömittari anogona kukwira kusvika 35 digits. Gungwa munzvimbo Mariupol muzhizha avhareji iri huru kune 24-26 Celsius. In yechando, kunyanya mu January naFebruary, mvura zvakasimba inotonhorera, dzimwe nguva kuumbwa pamusoro pemvura nechando goko.

History reguta

Nyika iyo nhasi gungwa chengarava Mariupol, yagara inogarwa nevanhu. Yakakunakira nzvimbo pedyo norwizi uye gungwa kuti nzvimbo iyi kunobatsira upenyu. Taigara pano marudzi akawanda ekare kubva rechi10 remakore nyika dzaiva pasi kudzorwa Kievan Rus. Muna 1223 ndipo chakaitika yakakurumbira Battle of Kalka River pakati Russian uye Polovtsy uye wechiTatar-Mongol hondo. Somugumisiro, vokuRussia yekare vakakundwa, uye nyika vakatamira kwenguva refu pasi pokutonga Tatars, pane vakabva kuumbwa Krymskoe Hanstvo. Aboriginal vagari, vanhuwo zvavo vakanga vatiza vachibva vanopinda nechisimba, vakava madzitateguru ari Cossacks. Muna 16-18 emakore, vakagara pano Zaporozhye Cossacks, vakanga vachivaka masvingo kudzivirira pamusoro yokurwiswa Crimean Tatars. Zvisinei, guta chairo Mariupol rinorondedzera nhoroondo yaro kubva yechipiri yezana remakore rechi18 (1778), apo nhare yakavakwa Church of St. Nicholas uye wakaradzikwa parutivi kugarwa, izvo pakutanga vaitakura zita Pavlovsk.

Muna 1779, kubudikidza zvarayirwa Empress Catherine II guta Mariupol chakatangwa pano, izvo akarayirwa kuti vatame yeGreek Orthodox, iyo yakatorwa kubva mundima Crimean Khanate. Vatama kuzoripira chaiwo kodzero pasi. Muna 1780, guta kwaitanga vakagamuchira zita Mariupol. VaGiriki akatanga basa rokuvaka. The guta rakatanga nokukurumidza kukura. Kana kuCrimea yakava chikamu Russian Empire, chikamu vaimbova vakatamira vakadzoka kunyika yavo, uye nyika yavo vanzwa zvakare vagari kuuya. Saka Diaspora German, akasvika chaizvo vakasununguka Cossacks vainge vava kugarazve vaJudha vakabhabhatidzwa yakatangwa. City hwakawedzera multiethnic. rudzi ose akawana pacharo basa niche, uye izvi zvakaita kuti kukurumidza zvoupfumi yacho nharaunda. A kurudziro huru kukura guta akapa kuvakwa chiteshi. In rechi19 - kwezana remakore rechi20 Mariupol kuvaka njanji, chikuru metallurgia chirimwa, kuwedzera pachiteshi. Munguva Soviet, guta kuramba richikura, kunyange zvazvo akanga asingagoni kunzvenga inosuruvarisa nezvinhu munguva yehondo. Pashure pokuwa USSR Mariupol yakazova imwe anokosha chiteshi maguta kuUkraine uye nhasi anopfuurira basa rake zvakanaka munyika uye vanhu.

History of chengarava

Muna 1886 vakatanga kuvakwa chengarava Mariupol, yaiva musoro kuenderera mutemo hurumende yeRussia kuumba nyika kumaodzanyemba uye kuti mikana mitsva hwekutengeserana. Kwemakore matatu vashandi kunge chakawedzera chiteshi nokuda kwemutemo inorema zvikepe akavaka wepachiteshi chacho ainzi, jetties, breakwaters. Muna 1889, huru pakuvhurwa chiteshi. Uye kutanga dzose kutakurwa marasha kubva mumigodhi Donetsk. Zvadaro, chiteshi chengarava akatanga kusvika midziyo marudzi kuchinjanisa. Kwemakore akatevera, iye modernized uye akakura, akatendeuka mugomba guru chiteshi ano.

Zvinoitwa Mariupol chengarava

Ari makwikwi pakati zvengarava kuti kubatsirwa nevaya vanogona kugadzirisa zvikepe chero mhando - uye ichi ndicho Mariupol. The chiteshi anobvumawo midziyo gore kumativi ose chero mutoro-akatakura kugona, uye ichi ndicho kwayo chisingarambiki paanopfuura zvengarava zvakawanda Sea Azov. Mariupol ari akashongedzerwa chaizvo hurongwa kuti kubata chando pilotage vachishandisa dzinopwanya aizi. Izvi anotibvumira kushumira zvikepe zvose gore kumativi. The chiteshi akaisa mhando dzose kukurukura vaunoshanda, kusanganisira Satellite. Ezvinhu akadaro kuti anogona kupinda mudare aine nekubatwa kusvika 8 metres uye vaifanira kuti mamita 240. Nokuti akaisa zvinhu pachiteshi chengarava takashongedzerwa kusvika 12 zviuru mativi mamita. M akafukidza dzokuchengetera uye 240 zviuru akaenzana. mamita akazaruka nzvimbo. Mariupol akabatanidza vanopfuura 150 zvengarava munyika yose.

chiteshi specialization

Mariupol chiteshi anobvumawo ngarava akatakura kusvika zviuru 10 matani, mudziyo zvikepe, hombe vatakuri kutakura marasha. Mostly nayo interacts pamwe zvengarava reMediterranean uye Red Seas, kuti Volga-Don ezvinhu, East Africa uye Persian Gulf. Port Mariupol specialized zviyo kugamuchirwa, uwandu kuti chidimbu nhumbi, mhangura, chemubhotoro, marasha, zvokuvakisa, zvikwepa simbi, midziyo zvokudya, peturu, rinorema uye oversized michina.

Mamiriro chengarava

Nhasi chengarava Mariupol ndeimwe kupfuura gedhi gungwa rweUkraine. Pagore zvakaitika vanopfuura mamiriyoni 17 matani nhumbi kuburikidza nayo, uye nhamba iri kuwedzera ose gore. The chiteshi chinhu zvebhizimisi inokosha muguta Mariupol, uye anopa nyika yekutenga rakadzikama inflow vemamwe mari. Part of mubereko kunoramba kutungamirirwa mazuvaano uye kuvandudzika yacho vachida. The chiteshi inopiwa ne midziyo ano. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti pokugara ngarava okunze zvose. Gungwa chengarava Mariupol pfupiso mu kuramba ichishanda zvinogona kuongororwa online, Pilot Service dzinovimbisa rakavimbika Tracking midziyo uye vachidzikisa uye logistics mabasa vakwanise kutsanya uye anosimbiswa kununura nhumbi panguva aida kero kana kuti okuchengetera dzokuchengetera.

Port Museum

Kwemakore akawanda chengarava akaita vaunganidza yakawanda magwaro dzinonakidza uye artefacts. Nokuti arayira uye kuchengetera mashoko aya anokosha akasikwa kubudikidza Museum of Mariupol gungwa zvokutengeserana chengarava (Mariupol). Muna 2012, akatamira kunyika chivako chitsva, ano. Mumahofisi maviri miziyamu, vashanyi vanogona kudzidza nhoroondo pakagadzwa uye kukura chiteshi. Pano unogona kuona mifananidzo Harbor vashandi, ari marongerwo ndima yayo, nzira mepu akatorwa nematare.

Reviews vagari uye vamwe

The chiteshi anogamuchira mumwe gore vakawanda midziyo uye mudonzvo wavo nguva dzose anonzwira nokuonga basa vashandi vayo. Vagari veguta vari patriots chaiye chiteshi. Vakagadzirira kutaura chii dare kuuya nemahombekombe guta uye kuudza dzomumaguta ngano pamusoro chirimwa ichi nguva dzose. Vakawanda vanogaramo vanoshanda ne chengarava, uye vanotaura pamusoro panzvimbo yavo basa chete chete kuzvikudza.